狎

狎 U+72CE, 狎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72CE ← 狍 [U+72CD] CJK Unified Ideographs 狏 → [U+72CF]

Translingual

Han character

狎 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田中 (KHWL), four-corner 4625₀, composition ⿰犭甲)

1. be familiar with
2. disrespect

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 708, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20329
• Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1339, character 10
• Unihan data for U+72CE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		狎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甲) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
笚	*ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb
閘	*klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb
鉀	*klaːb, *kraːb
甲	*kraːb
胛	*kraːb
岬	*kraːb
押	*kraːb, *qraːb
玾	*kraːb
呷	*qʰraːb
匣	*ɡraːb
狎	*ɡraːb
柙	*ɡraːb
翈	*ɡraːb
炠	*ɡraːb
鴨	*qraːb
庘	*qraːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːb) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiá (xia²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haap⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siá
    • Wade–Giles: hsia²
    • Yale: syá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
    • Palladius: ся (sja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: haap⁶
    • Yale: haahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hab⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːp̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: haep

Rime
Character	狎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	銜 (150)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	胡甲切
Baxter	haep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠap̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚap̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣap̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨp̚/
Li Rong	/ɣap̚/
Wang Li	/ɣap̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣap̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haap6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤr[a]p/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiá
Middle Chinese	‹ hæp ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁr[a]p/
English	disrespectful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狎
Reading #	1/1
No.	5939
Phonetic component	甲
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	狎
Old Chinese	/*ɡraːb/

Definitions

狎

1. (literary) to be used to; to be familiar with
2. (literary) to get close to; to become intimate with

   • 賢者狎而敬之，畏而愛之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     贤者狎而敬之，畏而爱之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Xiánzhě xiá ér jìng zhī, wèi ér ài zhī. [Pinyin]

     The worthy person is intimate with but respect [others], and is in awe of but love [others].

3. (literary) to slight; to neglect
4. (literary) to tease; to play tricks on

Compounds

• 狎信
• 狎侮
• 狎客
• 狎弄
• 狎昵
• 狎暱／狎昵
• 狎玩
• 狎翫／狎玩
• 狎褻／狎亵
• 狎語／狎语
• 狎遊／狎游
• 狎邪 (xiáxié)
• 相狎

 

Japanese

Kanji

狎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←げふ (gefu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• Kun: あなどる (anadoru, 狎る); なれる (nareru, 狎れる)

Korean

Hanja

狎 • (ap) (hangeul 압, revised ap, McCune–Reischauer ap, Yale ap)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

狎: Hán Nôm readings: hiệp, hạp

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.