獄

See also: 狱

Translingual

		-
trad.		獄
simp.		狱

Etymology

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 㹜 (“two dogs”) + 言 (“words”) (㹜 = 犭 + 犬, two forms of “dog”). A place where dogs are barking (言) at each other, a jail with guard dogs.

Han character

獄 (radical 94 犬+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹卜口大 (KHYRK), four-corner 4323₄, composition ⿲犭言犬)

1. prison, jail
2. case
3. lawsuit

Descendants

• 狱

See also

• 狺

References

• KangXi: page 717, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20603
• Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1365, character 16
• Unihan data for U+7344

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Chinese

		-
trad.		獄
simp.		狱

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): juk⁶
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): ngiu̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: yù
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
    • Wade-Giles: yü⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiw
    • IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: juk⁶
    • Yale: yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: juk⁹
    • IPA ^(key): /jʊk̚²/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiu̍k
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /ɲi̯uk̚⁵/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (獄, reconstructed)
Character (獄), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 疑 (31) Final: 燭 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 魚欲切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ŋɨok̚/	/ŋi̯wok̚/	/ŋiok̚/	/ŋiok̚/	/ŋuawk̚/	/ŋĭwok̚/	/ŋiok̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (獄, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
獄								yù								‹ ngjowk ›								/*[ŋ]rok/								lawsuit; prison
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
獄					16032					獄					屋					0					玉					/*ŋoɡ/

Definitions

獄

1. prison

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Japanese

Kanji

獄

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Goon: ごく (goku)
• Kan’on: ぎょく (gyoku) (non-Jōyō reading)
• Kun: ひとや (hitoya)

Compounds

• 煉獄 (れんごく, rengoku)
• 地獄 (じごく, jigoku)
• 辺獄 (へんごく, hengoku)

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Korean

Hanja

獄 (ok) (hangeul 옥, revised ok, McCune-Reischauer ok, Yale ok)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

獄 (ngục)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• Nôm: ngục

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm , NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999