破

Translingual

Han character

破 (radical 112 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口木竹水 (MRDHE), four-corner 1464₇, composition ⿰石皮)

1. rupture, break, ruin, destroy
2. rout, drives-out, drives-away, banishes

References

• KangXi: page 829, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24124
• Dae Jaweon: page 1244, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2426, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7834

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		破

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pò (po⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): po³
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): pho
• Min Nan (POJ): phòa

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: pò
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
    • Wade-Giles: p'o⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: po³
    • Yale: po
    • Cantonese Pinyin: po³
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰɔː³³/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pho
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /pʰo⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa
    • Tâi-lô: phuà
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰua¹¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (破, reconstructed)
Character (破), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 滂 (2) Final: 戈 Division: I			Openness: Closed Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 普過切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/pʰuɑH/	/pʰuɑH/	/pʰuɑH/	/pʰuɑH/	/pʰwaH/	/pʰuɑH/	/pʰuɑH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (破, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
破								pò								‹ phaH ›								/*pʰˤaj-s/								break (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
破					9732					皮					歌					1					破					/*pʰaːls/

Definitions

破

1. broken, worn out, damaged
2. (colloquial) low in quality

Compounds

破案 破败 破壁 破壁飞去 破冰船 破不开 破财 破财免灾 破產, 破产 (pòchǎn) 破钞 破除 破读字 破费 破釜沉舟 (pòfǔchénzhōu) 破腹 破格 破故纸

破瓜 破关斩将 破罐破摔 破壞, 破坏 (pòhuài) 破獲, 破获 (pòhuò) 破家值万贯 破解 破戒 破镜重圆 破旧 破旧立新 破句 破口, 破口儿 破口大骂 破烂 破浪

破例 破脸 破裂 破露 破陋 破落 破落户 破谜儿 破门 破闷, 破闷儿 破灭 破墨 破傷風, 破伤风 (pò shāng fēng) 破身 破声 破碎

破损 破题 破题儿第一遭 破涕为笑 破天荒 破土 破瓦寒窑 破相 破晓 破鞋 破颜 破衣烂衫 破译 破绽 破折号 破竹之势

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Japanese

Kanji

破

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. break
2. break the surface
3. cut
4. (slang) spend all the money one has

Readings

• On: は (ha)
• Kun: やぶる (yaburu), やぶれる (yabureru)

Compounds

破魔 (はま, hama): exorcism 破戒: breaking a commandment 破獄 破産: bankruptcy 破壊 (はかい, hakai): fracture 破格: exceptional 破棄: discard

破局: catastrophe 破砕: crushing 破算 破傷風 (はしょうふう, hashōfū): tetanus 破船: shipwreck 破損: damage

破綻: bankruptcy 破談: break off 破天荒: unprecedented 破風: gable 破屋 破瓜

破滅: destruction 破門: excommunication 破約 破裂 (はれつ, haretsu): explosion 破廉恥 破城槌 (はじょうつい): a battering ram

References

• Shift_JIS: 946A
• JIS: 474B

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Korean

Hanja

破 (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune-Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

破 (phá, vỡ)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.