空手
Chinese[edit]
emptied; leisure; air emptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain |
hand; convenient; ‑er | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (空手) | 空 | 手 | |
simp. #(空手) | 空 | 手 |
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
空手
Derived terms[edit]
Noun[edit]
空手
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
から Grade: 1 (ateji) |
て Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Orthographic borrowing from Okinawan 唐手 (tōdī) to Japanese 唐手 (karate), compound of 唐 (kara, “Tang Dynasty; China”) + 手 (te, “hand”), as the art was originally transmitted from China to Okinawa, and thence to mainland Japan.[1][2]
The use of 空 to spell the kara portion is an example of ateji (当て字) to express the idea of “empty-handed” or “unarmed”.
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 空手道 (karatedō, “karate-ism, school of karate, tao of karate”)
- 空手家 (karateka, “karate practitioner”)
Descendants[edit]
- → Afrikaans: karate
- → Arabic: كَارَاتِيه m (karātē), كَارَاطِي (kārāṭī)
- → Chinese: 空手道
- → Mandarin: 空手道 (kōngshǒudào)
- → Cantonese: 空手道 (hung1 sau2 dou6)
- → Hokkien: 空手道 (khong-chhiú-tō)
- → Korean: 공수도 (gongsudo)
- → Vietnamese: không thủ đạo
- → Czech: karate n
- → Danish: karate c
- → Dutch: karate n or m
- → English: karate
- → Finnish: karate
- → French: karaté m
- → German: Karate n
- → Icelandic: karate n
- → Indonesian: karate
- → Italian: karatè m
- → Latvian: karatē m
- → Norwegian Bokmål: karate m
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: karate m
- → Polish: karate n
- → Portuguese: karaté m, caraté
- → Romanian: karate n
- → Serbo-Croatian: karate m
- → Spanish: karate m, kárate
- → Swahili: karate
- → Swedish: karate c
- → Tagalog: karate
- → Vietnamese: không thủ
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
から Grade: 1 |
て Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 空 (kara, “empty”) + 手 (te, “hand”).[1][2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the state of being empty-handed
- 参った!出張したのにお土産を忘れて、空手で帰ってしまった。
- Maitta! Shutchō shita no ni omiyage o wasurete, karate de kaette shimatta.
- Oh no! I went on a trip, but I forgot to get any gifts, and returned empty-handed.
- 参った!出張したのにお土産を忘れて、空手で帰ってしまった。
Usage notes[edit]
Note that this term in Japanese is a noun, but it is often translated into English as the adjective empty-handed.
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
あ(き) Grade: 1 |
て Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 空 (aki, “empty, open”) + 手 (te, “hand”).[1][2]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) the left, the left hand, the left-hand side (from the way a blind person would hold their cane in their right hand, leaving the left empty)
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) (by extension) someone with nothing to do, someone unoccupied at the moment, an idler
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
そら Grade: 1 |
て > で Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 空 (sora, “sky; out of the blue”) + 手 (te, “hand”).[1][2] The te changes to de as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (archaic) sudden-onset pain in one's hands or arms with no clear immediate cause, such as due to arthritis or neuralgia
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
むな Grade: 1 |
て > で Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 空 (muna, “empty, hollow”) + 手 (te, “hand”). The te changes to de as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) the state of being empty-handed, bare-handed, unarmed
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) the state of being empty-handed, doing nothing with no success or positive result
Etymology 6[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
くう Grade: 1 |
しゅ Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 空手 (MC khuwng syuwX, literally “empty + hand”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- the state of being empty-handed, bare-handed, unarmed
References[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
空 | 手 |
Noun[edit]
空手
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