竽

See also: 竿

竽 U+7AFD, 竽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AFD ← 竼 [U+7AFC] CJK Unified Ideographs 竾 → [U+7AFE]

Translingual

Han character

竽 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹一木 (HMD), four-corner 8840₁, composition ⿱𥫗于)

1. an ancient free reed mouth organ consisting of bamboo pipes fixed in a wind chest; it was similar to the sheng but generally larger
2. a kind of musical instrument with 36 reeds

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 877, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25851
• Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2948, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7AFD

Chinese

trad.		竽
simp. #		竽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
侉	*qaːls
夸	*kʰʷraː
姱	*kʰʷraː
胯	*kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
跨	*kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
誇	*kʰʷraː
垮	*kʰʷraːʔ
銙	*kʰʷraːʔ
骻	*kʰʷraːʔ
咵	*kʰʷraːʔ
釫	*ɢʷraː, *qʷaː
摦	*ɡʷraːs
鮬	*pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː
嶀	*qʰʷl'aː
扝	*kʰʷaː, *qʷaː
刳	*kʰʷaː
郀	*kʰʷaː
挎	*kʰʷaː
袴	*kʰʷaːs
絝	*kʰʷaːs
褲	*kʰʷaːs
恗	*qʰaː
洿	*ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː
瓠	*ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs
鄠	*ɢʷlaːʔ
污	*qʷaː, *qʷaːs
杇	*qʷaː
圬	*qʷaː
鴮	*qʷaː
盓	*qʷaː
汙	*qʷaːs, *ɢʷa
樗	*qʰʷl'a
摴	*qʰʷl'a
荂	*pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa
雩	*qʰʷla, *ɢʷla
吁	*qʰʷa, *ɢʷas
盱	*qʰʷa
訏	*qʰʷa
扜	*qʰʷa, *qʷa
旴	*qʰʷa
冔	*qʰʷaʔ
紆	*qʷa
陓	*qʷa
迂	*qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa
虶	*qʷa
于	*ɢʷa
盂	*ɢʷa
竽	*ɢʷa
邘	*ɢʷa
玗	*ɢʷa
芋	*ɢʷa, *ɢʷas
杅	*ɢʷa
釪	*ɢʷa
骬	*ɢʷa
謣	*ɢʷla
宇	*ɢʷaʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yú (yu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yú
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yú
    • Wade–Giles: yü²
    • Yale: yú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴
    • Yale: yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: hju

Rime
Character	竽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羽俱切
Baxter	hju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦio/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuə̆/
Li Rong	/ɣio/
Wang Li	/ɣĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷa/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú
Middle Chinese	‹ hju ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a/
English	reed organ
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竽
Reading #	1/1
No.	15709
Phonetic component	于
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	于
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷa/

Definitions

竽

1. (historical) the yu, a wind instrument used in ancient China

Compounds

• 濫竽／滥竽 (lànyú)
• 濫竽充數／滥竽充数 (lànyúchōngshù)
• 盜竽／盗竽
• 竽律

 

Japanese

Kanji

竽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: う (u)
• Kan-on: う (u)
• Kun: ふえ (fue, 竽)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 竽 (MC hju). Compare modern Mandarin 竽 (yú).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

竽(う) • (u) 

1. a woodwind instrument introduced to Japan from China during the Nara period, similar to a 笙 (shō, “a kind of free-reed woodwind instrument”), but larger and one octave lower in pitch

   This instrument fell out of use for 雅楽 (gagaku, “court music”) in the mid-Heian period, and was later reconstructed after World War II based in part on artifacts at the Shōsōin.

Idioms

• 竽(う)を好(この)むに瑟(しつ)を鼓(こ)す (u o konomu ni shitsu o kosu): “to play a bass koto to someone who likes the u” → to do something that doesn't suit a person's tastes or preferences

Derived terms

• 竽(う)笙(しょう) (ushō)
• 竽(う)籟(らい) (urai)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 竽 (MC hju).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [u]
• Phonetic hangul: [우]

Hanja

Wikisource

竽 (eumhun 피리 우 (piri u))

1. flute
2. chief

Compounds

• 우뢰 (竽籟, uroe)
• 우생 (竽笙, usaeng)
• 우슬 (竽瑟, useul)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
• Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전／漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

竽: Hán Nôm readings: vu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.