From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

U+7FBD, 羽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FBD

[U+7FBC]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7FBE]
U+2F7B, ⽻
KANGXI RADICAL FEATHER

[U+2F7A]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F7C]

U+FA1E, 羽
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA1E

[U+FA1D]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FA1F]

Translingual

[edit]
Japanese
Simplified
Traditional
Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order

Alternative forms

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 124, +0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 尸一尸戈一 (SMSIM) or 尸竹尸竹竹 (SHSHH), four-corner 17120, composition (GHTJV) or ⿰⿹𠃌丿丿⿹𠃌⿱丿丿(K or U+FA1E))

  1. Kangxi radical #124, .

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 955, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28614
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1400, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3341, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7FBD

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) : wings or feathers.

Etymology 1

[edit]
trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𦏲

Either from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-grwa (feather), whence Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, large feather) (Coblin, 1986; Gong Hwang-cherng, 2002; STEDT), or *w(a/u) (bird; egg; wing; fowl) (Matisoff, 2000; Schuessler, 2007; Sagart, 2021b; STEDT).

Pronunciation

[edit]


  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /y²¹⁴/
Harbin /y²¹³/
Tianjin /y¹³/
Jinan /y⁵⁵/
Qingdao /y⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /y⁵³/
Xi'an /y⁵³/
Xining /y⁵³/
Yinchuan /y⁵³/
Lanzhou /y¹³/
Ürümqi /y⁵¹/
Wuhan /y⁴²/
Chengdu /y⁵³/
Guiyang /i⁴²/
Kunming /i⁵³/
Nanjing /y²¹²/
Hefei /zz̩ʷ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /y⁵³/
Pingyao /y⁵³/
Hohhot /y⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦy²³/
Suzhou /y⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔz̩ʷ⁵³/
Wenzhou /vu³⁵/
Hui Shexian /y³⁵/
Tunxi /ȵy²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /y⁴¹/
Xiangtan /y²¹/
Gan Nanchang /y²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /i⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²³/
Nanning /y²⁴/
Hong Kong /jy²³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /u⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /y³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /y²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /u⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zi³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (35) (35)
Final () (24) (24)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter hjuX hjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɨoX/ /ɦɨoH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦioX/ /ɦioH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣioX/ /ɣioH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦuə̆X/ /ɦuə̆H/
Li
Rong
/ɣioX/ /ɣioH/
Wang
Li
/ɣĭuX/ /ɣĭuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯uX/ /i̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu5 jyu6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ hjuX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷ(r)aʔ/
English feather, wing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 15946 15950
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷaʔ/ /*ɢʷas/

Definitions

[edit]

  1. feather; plume
  2. wing
  3. birds
  4. Classifier for birds.
  5. fletching
  6. arrow
  7. banner; flag
  8. letter (written communication)
  9. feather fan
  10. float (object attached to a fishing line)
  11. friends; comrades
      ―  dǎng  ―  clique
  12. (music) fifth note in the Chinese pentatonic scale
  13. a surname
Synonyms
[edit]
Coordinate terms
[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (u)
  • Korean: 우(羽) (u)
  • Vietnamese: ()

Etymology 2

[edit]
trad.
simp. #

Based on a commentary to the following passage from the Kao Gong Ji in the Rites of Zhou by the Eastern Han scholar Zheng Xuan (鄭玄, 127–200): 。」 The Tang-era scholar Jia Gongyan (賈公彥) considers Zheng's reading as 破讀破读 (pòdú, “isolated instance of unusual pronunciation”). The textual quality of the passage, along with the meaning of the Zheng–Jia commentaries, has been called into question.[1][2]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Note:
  • Uncertain, based on the pronunciation of (MC huX) < (OC *ɡʷaːʔ), homophonic to (MC huX), according to the Zheng–Jia tradition (see the Etymology section).

    Definitions

    [edit]

    1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
      1. slow and relaxed (the same as )

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ 江永 [Jiāngyǒng] (1791) 周禮疑義舉要 (in Chinese), 冬官考工記:「下柎之弓」節…未知其所以然,不敢強解。
    2. ^ 孫詒讓 (1899) 周禮正義 (in Chinese), 楚學社, 冬官考工記:段玉裁云「此易其字」。案經典「扈」無「緩」訓,未詳所出。

    Japanese

    [edit]
    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1]


    &#xFA1E;
    or
    +&#xFE00;?
    羽󠄀
    +&#xE0100;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    羽󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji

    [edit]

    (Second grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    [edit]

    Compounds

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    はね
    Grade: 2
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spellings
    羽根
    羽子

    Appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 938 CE.[2]

    Compound of (ha, feather, see below) +‎ (ne, root), originally referring specifically to where the quill of a feather attaches to the skin. Over time, the meaning broadened to refer to a feather, and from there, to refer to a wing.[2]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    (はね) (hane

    1. (archaic) the portion of a feather where the quill attaches to the skin
      Synonyms: (rare) 羽茎 (haguki), (rare) (kaku)
    2. a feather, down, plume
      Synonym: 羽毛 (umō)
    3. a wing (as of a bird, bat, insect, or airplane)
      Synonym: (tsubasa)
    4. a fletching on an arrow
      Synonyms: 矢羽根, 矢羽 (yabane)
    5. a shuttlecock
      Synonym: 羽子 (hago)
    6. a blade (of a fan)
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    Proper noun

    [edit]

    (はね) (Hane

    1. a female given name
    2. a surname

    Etymology 2

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 2
    kun'yomi

    From Old Japanese.

    May be cognate with (ha, leaf).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    () (ha

    1. a feather (including synthetic feathers, as on a modern shuttlecock)
    2. a wing (as of a bird, bat, insect, or airplane)
      Synonym: (tsubasa)
    3. a fletching on an arrow
    4. (archery) when a bow is strung, the distance between the grip and the serving (nocking point) on the bowstring
    5. the thin, flange-like overhanging part of a tea ceremony kettle
    6. Short for 羽振り (haburi): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    7. a 家紋 (kamon, family crest) with various designs of bird feathers
    Derived terms
    [edit]
    Idioms
    [edit]

    Counter

    [edit]

    () or () or () or () (-ha or -ba or -pa or -wa

    1. counter for birds
    2. counter for leporids
    Usage notes
    [edit]

    When suffixed, the -ha changes to either (-ba) or (-pa) due to rendaku (連濁), or (-wa) due to ハ行転呼音 (ha-gyō tenkoon, historical ha-column sound shift), as in /-p-//-ɸ-//-w-/.

    Derived terms
    [edit]
    Japanese number-counter combinations for
    1 2 3 4 5
    (いち)() (ichiwa) ()() (niwa) (さん)() (sanwa)
    (さん)() (sanba)
    (よん)() (yonwa)
    ()() (yowa)
    (よん)() (yonba)
    ()() (gowa)
    6 7 8 9 10
    (ろく)() (rokuwa)
    (ろっ)() (roppa)
    (なな)() (nanawa)
    (しち)() (shichiwa)
    (はち)() (hachiwa)
    (はっ)() (happa)
    (きゅう)() (kyūwa) (じゅう)() (jūwa)
    (じゅっ)() (juppa)
    (じっ)() (jippa)
    100 1,000 10,000 How many?
    (ひゃく)() (hyakuwa)
    (ひゃっ)() (hyappa)
    (せん)() (senwa)
    (せん)() (senba)
    (いち)(まん)() (ichimanwa)
    (いち)(まん)() (ichimanba)
    (なん)() (nanwa)
    (なん)() (nanba)

    Etymology 3

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 2
    on'yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC hjuX|hjuH).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    () (u

    1. (music) the fifth and highest note in the Chinese pentatonic scale
      Hypernyms: 五音, 五韻 (goin)

    Affix

    [edit]

    () (u

    1. wing (of a bird or insect)
    2. (historical) Short for 出羽 (Dewa-no-kuni): Dewa Province
    Derived terms
    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
    2. 2.0 2.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
    5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

    [edit]

    Hanja

    [edit]

    (eumhun (git u))

    1. hanja form? of (feather)

    (eumhun 늦출 (neutchul ho))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Old Japanese

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    First attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

    Possibly cognate with (pa, leaf).

    Noun

    [edit]

    (pa) (kana )

    1. a feather, down, plume
      • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4494:
        水鳥乃可毛能伊呂乃青馬乎家布美流比等波可芸利奈之等伊布
        mi1duto2ri no2 kamopa no2 iro2 no2 awouma wo ke1pu mi1ru hi1to2 pa kagi1ri nasi to2 ipu
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    2. a wing (of an insect)
    3. a fletching on an arrow

    Derived terms

    [edit]

    Descendants

    [edit]
    • Japanese: (は, ha, ば, -ba, ぱ, -pa, わ, -wa)

    Vietnamese

    [edit]

    Han character

    [edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: ,

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Zhuang

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    1. Sawndip form of fwed (wing)