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U+80A5, 肥
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80A5

[U+80A4]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+80A6]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 130, +4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月日山 (BAU), four-corner 77217, composition (GJKV) or (HT))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1426, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2055, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+80A5

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Shuowen Jiezi: Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (meat) + (person kneeling). Ji Xusheng (2004) posits that its actually a phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *bɯl): semantic + abbreviated phonetic (OC *pʰɯːls, *pʰɯl).

Etymology 1[edit]

STEDT provisionally assigns this to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bu ~ bur.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note: fai6 - rare.
Note:
  • bùi - vernacular;
  • pì - literary.
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • pûi - vernacular;
    • hûi - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /fei³⁵/
    Harbin /fei²⁴/
    Tianjin /fei⁴⁵/
    Jinan /fei⁴²/
    Qingdao /fe⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /fi⁴²/
    Xi'an /fi²⁴/
    Xining /fɨ²⁴/
    Yinchuan /fei⁵³/
    Lanzhou /fei⁵³/
    Ürümqi /fei⁵¹/
    Wuhan /fei²¹³/
    Chengdu /fei³¹/
    Guiyang /fei²¹/
    Kunming /fei³¹/
    Nanjing /fəi²⁴/
    Hefei /fe⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /fei¹¹/
    Pingyao /xuei¹³/
    Hohhot /fei³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /vi²³/
    /bi²³/
    Suzhou /vi¹³/
    Hangzhou /bi²¹³/
    /vi²¹³/
    Wenzhou /vei³¹/
    /bei³¹/
    Hui Shexian /fe⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /fe⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /fei¹³/
    Xiangtan /ɸəi¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /fɨi⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /pʰi¹¹/
    Taoyuan /pʰui¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fei²¹/
    Nanning /fi²¹/
    Hong Kong /fei²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hui³⁵/
    /pui³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /puoi⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /py³³/
    Shantou (Teochew) /pui⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbui³¹/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (3)
    Final () (21)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter bj+j
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /bʉi/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /bʷɨi/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /biuəi/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /buj/
    Li
    Rong
    /biuəi/
    Wang
    Li
    /bĭwəi/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /bʱwe̯i/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    féi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    fei4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    féi
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ bjɨj ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[b][ə]r/
    English fat (adj.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3118
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*bɯl/
    Notes

    Definitions[edit]

    1. fat; plump; obese (adjective)
      農場小豬可愛 [MSC, trad.]
      农场小猪可爱 [MSC, simp.]
      Nóngchǎng lǐ de xiǎozhū zhǎng de féiféi de, hǎo kě'ài. [Pinyin]
      The pigs in the farm are quite plump, very cute.
      一時一時 [Cantonese, trad.]
      一时一时 [Cantonese, simp.]
      jat1 si4 jim4 jan4 fei4, jat1 si4 jim4 jan4 sau3, dou1 m4 zi1 dim2 hou2. [Jyutping]
      Sometimes, I'm criticized for being fat, while other times, I'm criticized for being skinny. I don't know what to do.
    2. fat; fatness (noun)
        ―  jiǎnféi  ―  to lose weight
    3. fertile
    4. fertiliser
        ―  huàféi  ―  chemical fertilizer
        ―  dànféi  ―  nitrogenous fertilizer
        ―  shīféi  ―  to apply fertilizer
    5. (usually derogatory) benefit; advantage; gain
    Usage notes[edit]
    • In northern varieties, including Standard Mandarin, (féi) is usually used for animals, and people are described as (pàng). This distinction is not seen in southern varieties, such as Cantonese, Hakka, and Min.
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (fat):
    • (benefit):
    Antonyms[edit]
    • (fat): (shòu, “skinny”)

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • Proto-Tai: *bwiːᴬ (fat)
    • Thai: ปุ๋ย (bpǔi, fertilizer)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Shortened from 肥佬 (fei4 lou2), from English fail.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (a test)
    2. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (someone) in a test

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. fat, plump
    2. productive, fertile

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    こえ
    Grade: 5
    kun’yomi

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Noun[edit]

    (こえ) (koe

    1. manure, fertilizer, dung

    Compounds[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (bi) (hangeul )

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: phì, phè, phề

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Zhuang[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    1. Sawndip form of feiz (fire)