腋

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腋 U+814B, 腋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-814B
← 腊
[U+814A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 腌 →
[U+814C]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

腋 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月卜人大 (BYOK), four-corner 70247, composition ⿰月夜)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 986, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29615
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2090, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+814B

Chinese[edit]

trad. 腋
simp. # 腋
alternative forms 亦 ancient

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (亦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
夜 *laːɡs
鵺 *laːɡs
迹 *ʔsleːɡ
跡 *ʔsleːɡ
亦 *laːɡ
弈 *laːɡ
奕 *laːɡ
帟 *laːɡ
腋 *laːɡ
掖 *laːɡ
焲 *laːɡ
液 *laːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : semantic 肉 (“flesh”) + phonetic 夜 (OC *laːɡs).

Originally written 亦, see there for more.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak ~ *C-jak (“arm; hand; wing”), either via *jak (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007) or *lak (Shi, 2000; Handel, 2009). Compare Mizo zak (“armpit”), Tibetan ལག་པ (lag pa, “arm; hand”), Burmese လက် (lak, “arm; hand”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 腋
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 清 (123)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羊益切
Baxter yek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jiajk̚/
Li
Rong 		/iɛk̚/
Wang
Li 		/jĭɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jik6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 腋
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yek ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ](r)Ak/
English armpit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腋
Reading # 1/1
No. 15000
Phonetic
component 		亦
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		繹
Old
Chinese 		/*laːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

腋

  1. armpit; underarm; axilla
  2. (botany) axil
  3. † Alternative form of 掖 (“to help; to assist”)

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 胳肢窩 (“armpit; underarm”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 腋
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 腋窩, 腋下
Mandarin Beijing 胳肢窩
Taiwan 胳肢窩, 腋下
Ulanhot 胳肢窩
Tongliao 胳肢窩
Chifeng 胳肢窩
Bayanhot 胳旯窩
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 胳肢窩
Harbin 膈肢窩, 胳肢窩, 胳臼窩
Shenyang 胳肢窩, 胳肢窩兒
Yantai (Muping) 夾肘窩
Qingdao 夾肘窩
Jinan 胳肢窩, 胳肢脖 Hui
Luoyang 圪老知兒, 圪知窩
Wanrong 胳肘窩
Zhengzhou 膈老肢兒
Xi'an 胳肢窩
Yinchuan 胳勒窩, 胳勒叉
Lanzhou 胳肘窪
Xining 胳皂窪
Ürümqi 胳澇窪
Wuhan 脅下窩
Chengdu 夾肢窩兒, 夾窩兒
Guiyang 夾肢窩
Guilin 膈肢窩
Liuzhou 膈肢窩
Xuzhou 膈肢兒, 膈肢窩兒, 膈肢窩
Yangzhou 夾乍窩
Nanjing 膈夾窩
Hefei 胳撓肢
Nantong 胳肢窩
Cantonese Guangzhou 胳肋底
Hong Kong 胳肋底, 加拿大 humorous
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 胳肋底
Foshan 胳肋底
Foshan (Shunde) 胳肋底
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 胳肋底
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 胳肋底
Taishan 胳肋
Kaiping (Chikan) 胳肋
Dongguan 肋赤下
Shaoguan 胳肋底
Yunfu 胳肋
Yangjiang 胳肋
Lianjiang 胳肋底
Nanning 胳肋底, 胳肋
Wuzhou 胳肋底, 胳肋
Yulin 肋仄
Hepu (Lianzhou) 胳肋肢窩
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 胳肋底
Gan Nanchang 脅夾裡, 胛下裡, 胛下
Lichuan 胳摘窩
Pingxiang 脅牯
Hakka Meixian 脅下, 手脅, 脅
Xingning 脅下
Huidong (Daling) 肋赤下
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 手夾下
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 脅下
Changting 手脅下
Wuping 手脅子下
Wuping (Pingyu) 手脅下
Ninghua 脅赤腳下
Yudu 手脅下
Ruijin 手脅下
Shicheng 脅下
Shangyou (Shexi) 手脅下
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 手脅下, 脅下
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 手脅下, 脅下
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 手脅下, 脅下
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 脅下
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 手脅下, 脅下
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 手脅下, 脅下
Hong Kong 肋赤下
Luchuan (Daqiao) 手夾
Sabah (Longchuan) 肋赤下
Senai (Huiyang) 肋赤下
Singkawang 脅下
Huizhou Jixi 膈辣下
Jin Taiyuan 膈離間, 膈夾窩
Xinzhou 胳正窩兒
Taibus (Baochang) 胳肢窩
Linhe 圪嶗子窩
Jining 膈老肢窩
Hohhot 胳肢窩
Baotou 胳老肢窩
Dongsheng 膈肢窩
Haibowan 胳肘窩
Northern Min Jian'ou 胳肢下
Songxi 胳鹿下
Zhenghe 胳鹿下
Jianyang 胳肢下
Wuyishan 胳肢下
Pucheng (Shibei) 胳鹿下
Eastern Min Fuzhou 胳腋下
Changle 胳腋下
Fuqing 胳腋下
Yongtai 胳腋下
Gutian 胳腋下
Fu'an 胳腋下
Shouning 胳腋下
Zhouning 胳腋下
Fuding 胳腋下
Southern Min Xiamen 胳下空, 胳耳空
Quanzhou 胳下空, 胳下胴
Jinjiang 胳下胴
Zhangzhou 胳下空, 都知
Taipei 胳下空, 胳胴跤
New Taipei (Sanxia) 胳胴跤
Kaohsiung 胳耳空
Yilan 胳胴跤
Changhua (Lukang) 胳下空
Taichung 胳胴跤
Taichung (Wuqi) 胳下胴
Tainan 胳下空, 胳耳空
Taitung 胳耳空
Hsinchu 胳下胴
Kinmen 胳下空
Penghu (Magong) 胳下空
Penang (Hokkien) ketiak
Manila (Hokkien) 胳下胴
Chaozhou 胳囊下
Shantou 胳囊下
Haifeng 胳當下
Leizhou 膈胳
Wenchang 胛胳
Haikou 胛胳
Puxian Min Putian 膈攬下
Xianyou 膈肋下
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 胳囊下
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 胳肋底
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 膈肢窩
Wu Shanghai 胳肋竹, 胳肢窩
Shanghai (Chongming) 胳落
Suzhou 膈臘子
Danyang 夾肢窩, 夾肢下
Hangzhou 肋膈肢底下
Ningbo 肋膈肢下
Wenzhou 脟扎下
Jinhua 膈肋下
Xiang Changsha 脅肋窩, 脅夾窩, 胳肢窩
Xiangtan 脅納窩裡
Loudi 脅旯旮
Shuangfeng 脅角納, 脅角納裡

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

腋

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. armpit, underarm, axilla

Readings[edit]

  • On (unclassified): えき (eki); せき (seki)
  • Kun: わき (waki, 腋)

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 腋 (MC yek). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄋᆡᆨ〮 (óyk) (Yale: óyk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

腋 (eumhun 겨드랑이 액 (gyeodeurang'i aek))

  1. Hanja form? of 액 (“armpit”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

腋: Hán Nôm readings: dạ; dịch; nách; nịch

  1. Nôm form of nách (“armpit”).
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