苟

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See also: 茍
苟 U+82DF, 苟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82DF
← 苞
[U+82DE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 苠 →
[U+82E0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

苟 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿心口 (TPR), four-corner 44627, composition ⿱艹句)

Usage notes[edit]

This character is not to be confused with 茍, which contains ⻀ instead of 艹.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1023, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30790
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1482, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3194, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+82DF

Chinese[edit]

trad. 苟
simp. # 苟
alternative forms 芶
𠷜
𦯗
𦴆
𦴳
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Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 苟
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
勾 *koː, *koːs
鉤 *koː
鴝 *koː, *ɡo
句 *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo
夠 *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː
枸 *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ
軥 *koː, *koːs, *ɡo
狗 *koːʔ
苟 *koːʔ
岣 *koːʔ, *ko
笱 *koːʔ
玽 *koːʔ
耇 *koːʔ
豿 *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ
敂 *koːʔ
怐 *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos
雊 *koːs
竘 *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ
齁 *qʰoː
呴 *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos
蚼 *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo
豞 *qʰoːs
訽 *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs
佝 *qʰoːs
拘 *ko
駒 *ko
眗 *ko
跔 *ko
鮈 *ko
痀 *ko
蒟 *koʔ, *kos
絇 *kos, *ɡo
邭 *kos
劬 *ɡo
朐 *ɡo
鼩 *ɡo
斪 *ɡo
翑 *ɡo
葋 *ɡo
姁 *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
欨 *qʰo, *qʰoʔ
喣 *qʰoʔ
煦 *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
昫 *qʰos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *koːʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo) – a kind of grass, in original sense.

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 苟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古厚切
Baxter kuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kəuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kəuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kəwX/
Li
Rong 		/kuX/
Wang
Li 		/kəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		gǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gau2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 苟
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gǒu
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kuwX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ˁ(r)oʔ/
English if really

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 苟
Reading # 1/1
No. 7069
Phonetic
component 		句
Rime
group 		侯
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		苟
Old
Chinese 		/*koːʔ/

Definitions[edit]

苟

  1. careless; casual; indifferent
    一絲不苟／一丝不苟  ―  yīsībùgǒu  ―  to not be the least bit negligent
  2. casually; carelessly
    苟同  ―  gǒutóng  ―  to readily agree
  3. tentatively; for the time being
  4. (literary) if only; if
  5. † a type of grass
  6. a surname
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 如果 (“if”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 若, 假, 如, 使, 令, 苟, 向, 向使, 向令, 假令, 假使, 誠, 誠使, 倘, 儻, 當使
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 若, 如, 如果, 若果, 假如, 假若, 假使, 假設, 倘若, 倘或, 倘然, 倘使, 若是, 若然, 設若, 設使, 設令, 設或, 設
Mandarin Beijing 要是, 要
Taiwan 要是, 要, 如果
Jinan 要是
Xi'an 要是
Wuhan 要是
Chengdu 要是, 假比
Yangzhou 要是, 要, 假使
Hefei 要是, 倘此, 倘倘
Malaysia 如果
Singapore 如果
Cantonese Guangzhou 如果, 若果, 若然, 假使間
Hong Kong 如果, 若果, 若然, 若然之, 假使, 假使間, 假如
Macau 假如
Taishan 如果, 假使
Yangjiang 設若
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 如果
Singapore (Guangfu) 如果
Gan Nanchang 要是, 若是
Lichuan 假使
Hakka Meixian 係話, 若係, 如果
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 若果, 係講, 係話
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 係講, 若係, 假使
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 係講, 係準, 係準講, 準講, 準假, 係若, 若係, 假使, 假詐
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 係講, 若係, 假使
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 準講, 可比, 假使, 係講, 若係, 若係講, 準若講
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 係講, 若係, 假使
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 若係講, 假使, 若講, 係講, 若係
Kuching (Hepo) 假使
Jin Taiyuan 要是
Northern Min Jian'ou 來是, 如果
Pucheng (Shibei) 來是, 如果
Eastern Min Fuzhou 儷是, 若還
Southern Min Xiamen 設使, 若是, 若, 若欲是, 假若, 假若是, 欲, 欲是, 甲若, 甲若是
Quanzhou 設使, 若是, 若, 若欲是, 假若, 假若是, 欲, 欲是
Zhangzhou 設使, 若是, 若, 假若, 假若是, 欲, 欲是, 甲若, 甲若是
Tainan 若是, 若準, 若, 假使, 設使
Penang (Hokkien) 若是, 若準
Singapore (Hokkien) 若是
Manila (Hokkien) 若是, 若, 假使
Chaozhou 若是
Shantou 如果
Jieyang 若, 若是
Singapore (Teochew) 若是
Wu Shanghai 要是, 如果, 假使, 倘然, 倘使, 是得
Suzhou 要, 如果
Wenzhou 若是, 若
Xiang Changsha 要是
Shuangfeng 要是, 要此

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 苟 – see 茍 (“to be circumspect or cautious in one's behaviour ”).
(This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 茍).

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

苟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. any, at all, in the least

Readings[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

苟 (eumhun 진실로 구 (jinsillo gu))

  1. Hanja form? of 구 (“careless, frivolous”).
  2. Hanja form? of 구 (“illicit”).
  3. Hanja form? of 구 (“if, but, if only”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

苟: Hán Nôm readings: cẩu

1. (Tính) Cẩu thả, ẩu, bừa. ◎Như: "nhất bút bất cẩu" 一筆不苟 một nét không cẩu thả.

2. (Phó) Tạm, tạm bợ. ◎Như: "cẩu an đán tịch" 苟安旦夕 tạm yên sớm tối, "cẩu toàn tính mệnh" 苟全性命 tạm cầu cho còn tính mạng, "cẩu hợp" 苟合 lấy vợ lấy chồng không có đủ lễ chính đáng (không tính chuyện lâu dài).

Zhuang[edit]

Noun[edit]

苟

  1. Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)
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