菜餚

See also: 菜肴

Chinese

		dish (type of food); vegetables	meat dishes
trad. (菜餚)		菜	餚
simp. (菜肴)		菜	肴

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): càiyáo

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˋ ㄧㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coi³ ngaau⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhài-hâu / chhài-ngâu / chhài-gâu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: càiyáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˋ ㄧㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: càiyáo
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻai⁴-yao²
    • Yale: tsài-yáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsayyau
    • Palladius: цайяо (cajjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹ jɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: coi³ ngaau⁴
    • Yale: choi ngàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi³ ngaau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: coi³ ngao⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ ŋaːu̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhài-hâu
    • Tâi-lô: tshài-hâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhae'haau
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hau²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ hau²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhài-ngâu
    • Tâi-lô: tshài-ngâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaengaau
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ ŋãu²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ŋãu¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ŋãu²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ ŋãu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhài-gâu
    • Tâi-lô: tshài-gâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhae'gaau
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡau²⁴/

Noun

菜餚

1. vegetable and meat dishes

Usage notes

There is no exact equivalent for English food in Chinese. The most generic term for food is 食物 (shíwù). Use 食品 (shípǐn) for food products, 菜餚／菜肴 (càiyáo) for dishes of food, 美食 (měishí) when the taste of the food is emphasised and 吃的 (chīde) in colloquial contexts. For food as in cuisine, consider 菜 (cài) or 料理 (liàolǐ).

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 菜 (“dish; vegetable or meat dish”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		菜餚, 菜品, 菜蔬
Mandarin	Beijing	菜
	Taiwan	菜
	Tianjin	菜
	Jinan	菜
	Xi'an	菜
	Wuhan	菜
	Chengdu	菜
	Guilin	菜
	Yangzhou	菜
	Hefei	菜
	Singapore	菜
Cantonese	Guangzhou	餸, 餸菜
	Hong Kong	餸, 餸菜
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	餸菜
	Macau	餸
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	餸
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	餸
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	餸
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	餸
	Foshan	餸
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	餸
	Foshan (Shunde)	餸
	Foshan (Sanshui)	餸
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	餸
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	餸
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	餸
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	餸
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	餸
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	餸
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	餸
	Taishan	餸, 餸菜
	Kaiping (Chikan)	餸
	Enping (Niujiang)	餸
	Heshan (Yayao)	餸
	Dongguan	餸
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	餸
	Yangjiang	餸
	Beihai	餸
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	菜
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	菜
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	菜
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	菜餸
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	餸
	Singapore (Guangfu)	餸
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	餸
	Móng Cái	菜
Gan	Nanchang	菜
Hakka	Meixian	菜
Jin	Taiyuan	菜
Northern Min	Jian'ou	菜
	Songxi	菜
	Jianyang	菜
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	配
	Gutian	配飯菜
	Fuding	乇配
Southern Min	Xiamen	物配, 菜配, 菜
	Quanzhou	物配, 菜
	Yongchun	菜
	Zhangzhou	物配
	Singapore (Hokkien)	物配, 菜配
	Manila (Hokkien)	物配
	Longyan	配
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	配
	Chaozhou	物配
	Jieyang	物配
	Leizhou	物配, 配
Puxian Min	Putian	物配
Central Min	Yong'an	菜
	Shaxian	配
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	配
Wu	Shanghai	小菜
	Suzhou	小菜
	Jiaxing	鹹酸
	Shaoxing	下飯
	Ningbo	下飯, 菜蔬, 小菜 rare
	Zhoushan	下飯, 菜蔬, 小菜 rare
	Wenzhou	配, 餚配
Xiang	Changsha	菜
	Shuangfeng	菜