著しい

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Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term
いちじる
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
著しい (kyūjitai)

Etymology[edit]

From (ichi-, very[1][2][3][4]) +‎ 著し (shirushi, clear, obvious, conspicuous[2][3][5], a ku-adjective).

Attested in the Heian period[1][2] as a ku-adjective pronounced いちしるし (ichishirushi).[5] Since the Muromachi period, it became pronounced いちじるし (ichijirushi),[1][2] where the shirushi changes to jirushi as an instance of rendaku (連濁). Since around the Edo period,[1][3][5] it changed conjugation class and became a shiku-adjective.[2]

The modern form is from いちじるしき (ichijirushiki), the 連体形 (rentaikei, attributive form) of the Late Middle Japanese shiku-adjective いちじるし (ichijirushi), with the medial /-k-/ falling out.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "著しい"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 著しく ちじるしく
ちじるし
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkù]
[ìchíjírúshíꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形) 著しい ちじるし [ìchíjírúshíꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 著しい ちじるし [ìchíjírúshíꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 著しくない ちじるしくない
ちじるしくない
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkùnàì]
[ìchíjírúshíꜜkùnàì]
Informal past 著しかった ちじるしかった
ちじるしかった
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkàttà]
[ìchíjírúshíꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 著しくなかった ちじるしくなかった
ちじるしくなかった
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkùnàkàttà]
[ìchíjírúshíꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal 著しいです ちじるしいです [ìchíjírúshíꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 著しくて ちじるしくて
ちじるしくて
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkùtè]
[ìchíjírúshíꜜkùtè]
Conditional 著しければ ちじるしければ
ちじるしければ
[ìchíjírúꜜshìkèrèbà]
[ìchíjírúshíꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective[edit]

(いちじる)しい (ichijirushii-i (adverbial (いちじる)しく (ichijirushiku))

  1. significant, remarkable (having noticeable effect)

Inflection[edit]

References[edit]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  6. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN