蔘

See also: 參

蔘 U+8518, 蔘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8518 ← 蔗 [U+8517] CJK Unified Ideographs 蔙 → [U+8519]

Translingual

Han character

蔘 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 廿戈戈竹 (TIIH), four-corner 4420₂, composition ⿱艹參)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1054, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31795
• Dae Jaweon: page 1517, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3286, character 10
• Unihan data for U+8518

Chinese

trad.		蔘
simp.		𦲞
alternative forms		𦼒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (參) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
篸	*ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːms
參	*sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum
驂	*sʰluːm
傪	*sʰluːm, *sʰluːmʔ
慘	*sʰluːmʔ
黲	*sʰluːmʔ, *sʰloːmʔ
謲	*sʰluːms
毿	*sluːm
蔘	*sluːm, *srum
犙	*sluːm, *sru, *srɯu
糝	*sluːmʔ
槮	*sluːmʔ, *sʰrum, *srum, *srumʔ
鬖	*sloːm
摻	*sruːm, *sruːmʔ
醦	*sruːmʔ, *sʰrumʔ
縿	*sroːm
穇	*sroːm
嵾	*sʰrum
磣	*sʰrumʔ
墋	*sʰrumʔ
曑	*srum
瘮	*srumʔ
滲	*srums

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shēn (shen¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shen
    • Wade–Giles: shên¹
    • Yale: shēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shen
    • Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: srim

Rime
Character	蔘
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	所今切
Baxter	srim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂjim/
Li Rong	/ʃjəm/
Wang Li	/ʃĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sam1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*srum/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蔘
Reading #	2/2
No.	1110
Phonetic component	參
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	森
Old Chinese	/*srum/

Definitions

蔘

1. Alternative form of 參／参 (“ginseng”)
2. (of trees or vegetation) towering; dense

Compounds

• 人蔘／人𦲞 (rénshēn)
• 萷蔘／萷𦲞
• 蕭蔘／萧𦲞

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sān (san¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sān
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: san
    • Wade–Giles: san¹
    • Yale: sān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: san
    • Palladius: сань (sanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: som

Rime
Character	蔘
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇含切
Baxter	som
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/səm/
Shao Rongfen	/sɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səm/
Li Rong	/sᴀm/
Wang Li	/sɒm/
Bernard Karlgren	/săm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saam1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sluːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蔘
Reading #	1/2
No.	1090
Phonetic component	參
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	毿
Old Chinese	/*sluːm/
Notes	見方言

Definitions

蔘

1. Used in 蔘綏／𦲞绥.

Japanese

Kanji

蔘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin)
• Kan-on: しん (shin)
• Kun: にんじん (ninjin)

Compounds

• 蔘精(じんせい) (jinsei, “ginseng extract”)

Korean

Hanja

蔘 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蔘: Hán Nôm readings: sâm

Noun

蔘

1. ginseng