蔡

Translingual

Han character

蔡 (radical 140 艸+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿月人火 (TBOF), four-corner 4490₁, composition ⿱艹祭)

1. used as a surname
2. species of tortoise

Derived characters

• 攃 櫒 礤

References

• KangXi: page 1055, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31818
• Dae Jaweon: page 1517, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3282, character 10
• Unihan data for U+8521

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		蔡

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cài (cai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coi³
• Min Nan (POJ): chhòa / chhài

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: cài
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄞˋ
    • Wade-Giles: ts'ai⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsay
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: coi³
    • Yale: choi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoi³
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòa / chhài
    • Tâi-lô: tshuà / tshài
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰua¹¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ¹¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰua²¹/, /t͡sʰaɪ²¹/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (蔡, reconstructed)
Character (蔡), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 清 (14) Final: 泰 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 倉大切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/t͡sʰɑiH/	/t͡sʰɑiH/	/t͡sʰɑiH/	/t͡sʰɑiH/	/t͡sʰajH/	/t͡sʰɑiH/	/t͡sʰɑiH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (蔡, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
蔡								cài								‹ tshajH ›								/*s.r̥̥ ˤat-s/								(name of a state)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
蔡					5836					祭					祭					1					蔡					/*sʰlaːds/

Descendants

• (Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Chua

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Japanese

Kanji

蔡

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

Readings

• On: さい (sai), さつ (satsu)
• Kun: あくた (akuta), おとろえる (otoroeru), へらす (herasu)

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Korean

Hanja

蔡 (chae, sal) (hangeul 채, 살, revised chae, sal, McCune-Reischauer ch'ae, sal, Yale chay, sal)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

蔡 (thái)

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