衁

See also: 𥁃

衁 U+8841, 衁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8841 ← 血 [U+8840] CJK Unified Ideographs 衂 → [U+8842]

Translingual

Han character

衁 (Kangxi radical 143, 血+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜女竹月廿 (YVHBT), four-corner 0010₇, composition ⿱亡血)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1107, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33969
• Dae Jaweon: page 1569, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3051, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8841

Chinese

trad.		衁
simp. #		衁
alternative forms		𧖭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衁
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
忙	*maːŋ
芒	*maːŋ, *maŋ
茫	*maːŋ
恾	*maːŋ
吂	*maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒	*maːŋ, *maŋs
朚	*maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙	*maːŋ, *maŋ
杗	*maːŋ, *maŋ
荒	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓	*hmaːŋ
衁	*hmaːŋ
巟	*hmaːŋ
詤	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌	*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊	*hmaːŋʔ
喪	*smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡	*maŋ
望	*maŋ, *maŋs
莣	*maŋ
朢	*maŋ, *maŋs
鋩	*maŋ
硭	*maŋ
忘	*maŋ, *maŋs
网	*mlaŋʔ
罔	*mlaŋʔ
蛧	*maŋʔ
網	*mlaŋʔ
輞	*maŋʔ
棢	*maŋʔ
惘	*maŋʔ
菵	*maŋʔ
誷	*maŋʔ
魍	*maŋʔ
妄	*maŋs
盲	*mraːŋ
蝱	*mraːŋ
虻	*mraːŋ
氓	*mraːŋ
甿	*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmaːŋ) : phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 血 (“blood”).

Etymology

Borrowed from Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟhaam ~ *ɟhiim (“blood”), whence Khmer ឈាម (chiəm, “blood”), Mon ဆီ (chim, “blood”), Proto-Bahnaric *bhaːm (“blood”), Proto-Katuic *ʔahaam (“blood”), Proto-Khmuic *maː₁m (“blood”). Chinese has final -ŋ because initial and final m are mutually exclusive (Schuessler, 2003; Schuessler, 2007).

This word's rare occurrence in a traditional saying indicates that it is not part of the active vocabulary of OC, but a survival from a substrate language.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huāng (huang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fong¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hong

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huang
    • Wade–Giles: huang¹
    • Yale: hwāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huang
    • Palladius: хуан (xuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fong¹
    • Yale: fōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong
    • Tâi-lô: hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: xwang

Rime
Character	衁
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼光切
Baxter	xwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hwɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwaŋ/
Li Rong	/xuɑŋ/
Wang Li	/xuɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/xwɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hmaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	衁
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huāng
Middle Chinese	‹ xwang ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁaŋ/
English	blood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衁
Reading #	1/1
No.	12651
Phonetic component	亡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	荒
Old Chinese	/*hmaːŋ/

Definitions

衁

1. (obsolete) blood

   • 其繇曰：士刲羊，亦無衁也；女承筐，亦無貺也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     其繇曰：士刲羊，亦无衁也；女承筐，亦无贶也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Qí yáo yuē: shì kuī yáng, yì wú huāng yě; nǚ chéng kuāng, yì wú kuàng yě. [Pinyin]

     The hexagram's divination reads: "A man slaughters a sheep, yet there is no blood; a woman bears a basket, yet there is no gift."

   • 紅帷赤幕羅脤膰，衁池波風肉陵屯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     红帷赤幕罗脤膰，衁池波风肉陵屯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 韓愈 (Han Yu), 陸渾山火和皇甫湜用其韻 "Mountain Fire of Luhun, in Response to Huangfu Shi and Using his Rhymes"; translated by Alex Yang (2007).

     Hóng wéi chì mù luó shèn pán, huāng chí bō fēng ròu líng tún. [Pinyin]

     Surrounded by red curtains and vermillion drapes they spread out the raw and cooked sacrificial meat; in a pool of blood, there were waves and winds, and the flesh piled up in a mound.

Japanese

Kanji

衁

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. (rare) blood

Readings

• On (unclassified): こう (kō)
• Kun: ち (chi)