衷

衷 U+8877, 衷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8877 ← 衶 [U+8876] CJK Unified Ideographs 衸 → [U+8878]

Translingual

Han character

衷 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+4 in Chinese, 衣+3 in Japanese, 10 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 十中竹女 (JLHV) or 卜中竹女 (YLHV), four-corner 5073₂, composition ⿴衣中 or ⿳亠中𧘇)

Derived characters

• 𠂻

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1112, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34139
• Dae Jaweon: page 1578, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3076, character 10
• Unihan data for U+8877

Chinese

simp. and trad.		衷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衷
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (中) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
中	*tuŋ, *tuŋs
忠	*tuŋ
衷	*tuŋ, *tuŋs
忡	*tʰuŋ
浺	*tʰuŋ
盅	*tʰuŋ, *duŋ, *tjoŋ
种	*duŋ
沖	*duŋ
翀	*duŋ
仲	*duŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs) : semantic 衣 (“clothes”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle; center”).

Etymology

Related to 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs, “middle; centre”); see there for more.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cung¹, zung¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): cung¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cé̤ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiong / tiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
    • Wade–Giles: chung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
    • Palladius: чжун (čžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cung¹, zung¹
    • Yale: chūng, jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsung¹, dzung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cung¹, zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiong
    • Tâi-lô: thiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiofng
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong
    • Tâi-lô: tiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cong¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: trjuwng, trjuwngH

Rime
Character	衷	衷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟弓切	陟仲切
Baxter	trjuwng	trjuwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/	/ʈɨuŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/	/ʈiuŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/	/ȶiuŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/	/ʈuwŋH/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/	/ȶiuŋH/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/	/ȶĭuŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/	/ȶi̯uŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	zhòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung1	zung3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tuŋ/, /*tuŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衷	衷
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17409	17411
Phonetic component	中	中
Rime group	終	終
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	中	中
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*tuŋs/

Definitions

衷

1. ^† undergarment; underwear
2. inner feelings; heart; from the bottom of one's heart
3. middle; center
4. a surname

Compounds

• 一本初衷
• 不衷
• 丹衷
• 共話衷腸／共话衷肠
• 初衷 (chūzhōng)
• 和衷共濟／和衷共济 (hézhōnggòngjì)
• 天誘其衷／天诱其衷
• 宸衷
• 寸衷
• 得衷
• 折衷 (zhézhōng)
• 折衷家庭
• 無動於衷／无动于衷 (wúdòngyúzhōng)
• 熱衷／热衷 (rèzhōng)
• 由衷 (yóuzhōng)
• 由衷之言
• 由衷感激
• 素衷
• 苦衷 (kǔzhōng)
• 莫衷一是 (mòzhōngyīshì)
• 莫衷壹是
• 衷心 (zhōngxīn)
• 衷悃
• 衷情 (zhōngqíng)
• 衷曲 (zhōngqū)
• 衷款
• 衷素
• 衷腸／衷肠 (zhōngcháng)
• 衷腸密語／衷肠密语
• 衷腸話／衷肠话
• 衷誠／衷诚
• 言不由衷 (yánbùyóuzhōng)
• 隱衷／隐衷 (yǐnzhōng)

 

References

• “衷”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

衷

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. inmost, inside
2. heart, mind (also 心)

Readings

• Go-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
• Kun: うち (uchi, 衷); まごころ (magokoro, 衷)
• Nanori: ただ (tada); ただし (tadashi); まこと (makoto)

Compounds

• 苦(く)衷(ちゅう) (kuchū, “distress”)
• 折(せっ)衷(ちゅう) (setchū, “blending, compromise”)
• 衷(ちゅう)情(じょう) (chūjō, “inner feelings, true heart”)
• 衷(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin, “innermost feelings”)
• 微(び)衷(ちゅう) (bichū, “one's innermost thoughts”)
• 和(わ)衷(ちゅう)協(きょう)同(どう) (wachūkyōdō, “harmonious cooperation”)

Korean

Hanja

衷 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

衷: Hán Nôm readings: trung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.