貪婪

See also: 贪婪

Chinese

		greedy	avaricious
trad. (貪婪)		貪	婪
simp. (贪婪)		贪	婪

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tānlán

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢ ㄌㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taam¹ laam⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thâm-làm
• Eastern Min (BUC): tăng-làng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tham-lâm
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹thoe-le

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tānlán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄢ ㄌㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tanlán
    • Wade–Giles: tʻan¹-lan²
    • Yale: tān-lán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tanlan
    • Palladius: таньлань (tanʹlanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän⁵⁵ län³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: taam¹ laam⁴
    • Yale: tāam làahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taam¹ laam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tam¹ lam⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːm⁵⁵ laːm²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thâm-làm
    • Hakka Romanization System: tam´ lamˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tam¹ lam²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰam²⁴ lam¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tăng-làng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaŋ⁵⁵ ^(l-)nˡaŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tham-lâm
    • Tâi-lô: tham-lâm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tamlaam
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰam⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰam³³ lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰam⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹thoe-le
    • MiniDict: thoe^平 le
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹thoe-le
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰø⁵⁵ le²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: thom lom

Rime
Character	貪	婪
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	他含切	盧含切
Baxter	thom	lom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰʌm/	/lʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰəm/	/ləm/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɒm/	/lɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰəm/	/ləm/
Li Rong	/tʰᴀm/	/lᴀm/
Wang Li	/tʰɒm/	/lɒm/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰăm/	/lăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tān	lán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taam1	laam4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*r̥ˤ[ə]m  [r]ˤ[ə]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰl'uːm  ɡ·ruːm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	貪	婪
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tān	lán
Middle Chinese	‹ thom ›	‹ lom ›
Old Chinese	/*r̥ˁ[ə]m/	/*[r]ˁ[ə]m/
English	to covet	to covet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	貪	婪
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6552	8160
Phonetic component	今	林
Rime group	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	探	婪
Old Chinese	/*kʰl'uːm/	/*ɡ·ruːm/

Adjective

貪婪

1. rapacious; avaricious; greedy; avid

Synonyms

• (Min Nan) 貪嘗／贪尝

Derived terms

• 貪婪無厭／贪婪无厌 (tānlánwúyàn)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (貪婪):

• → Japanese: 貪婪(どんらん) (donran); 貪婪(たんらん) (tanran)
• → Korean: 탐람(貪婪) (tamnam)
• → Vietnamese: tham lam (貪婪)

References

“Entry #50959”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.