賊
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
賊 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月金戈十 (BCIJ), four-corner 63850, composition ⿰貝戎)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1208, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36759
- Dae Jaweon: page 1672, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3637, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8CCA
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 賊 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 贼 | |
| alternative forms | 𧵪 戝 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 賊 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zɯːɡ) : phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ) + semantic 戈 (“weapon”).
This was later reinterpreted as a compound of 貝 (“money”) and 戎 (“weapon”) to produce the modern form.
Etymology 1[edit]
Possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཇག (jag, “robbery”) (Coblin, 1986). Schuessler (2007) points out that a palatalized consonant in Tibetan does not usually correspond to an unpalatalized one in Chinese; instead, he compares it to Khmer ឆក់ (chɑk, “to snatch; to steal”).
Possibly cognate with 災 (OC *ʔslɯː, “natural disaster”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Based on evidence from early loans from Chinese, e.g. Lakkia kjak⁸ (“bandit”) and Rục kəcʌ́ːk (“bandit”), Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstructs the Old Chinese with a *k preinitial.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
賊
- † to damage; to corrupt; to ruin; to destroy
- † to harm; to injure
- † to slander
- † to murder
- 宣子驟諫，公患之，使鉏麑賊之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
- Xuānzǐ zhòu jiàn, Gōng huàn zhī, shǐ Chú Ní zéi zhī. [Pinyin]
- Lord Xuan remonstrated with the Duke again and again. The Duke, troubled by his behaviour, sent Chu (or "Zhu") Ni to murder him.
宣子骤谏，公患之，使𬬺麑贼之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † murderer
- † harm; disaster
- thief; bandit; robber (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
- villain; traitor
- † to steal
- evil; wicked; treacherous
- † to restrain
- † ruthless; vicious
- (colloquial, dialectal) cunning; wily; sly
- † a kind of pest that eats the joints of a seedling
Usage notes[edit]
- Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation zé.
Synonyms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Others:
- → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *sɤkᴰ
- Thai: ศึก (sʉ̀k, “war, battle”)
- → Vietnamese: giặc
- →? Proto-Turkic: *yagï (war, bandit) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Etymology 2[edit]
Clipping of 賊拉／贼拉 (zéilā), borrowed from Korean 第一 (jeil, “first; most, -est”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
賊
- (formerly dialectal, including Northeastern Mandarin, increasingly informal) very; particularly; immensely; extremely
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 亂臣賊子／乱臣贼子 (luànchénzéizǐ)
- 作賊心虛／作贼心虚 (zuòzéixīnxū)
- 併贓拿賊／并赃拿贼
- 內賊／内贼
- 六賊／六贼
- 剽賊／剽贼
- 匪賊／匪贼
- 反賊／反贼 (fǎnzéi)
- 國賊／国贼 (guózéi)
- 大眼賊／大眼贼
- 失賊／失贼
- 奸賊 (jiānzéi)
- 家賊／家贼 (jiāzéi)
- 家賊難防／家贼难防 (jiāzéinánfáng)
- 宿賊／宿贼
- 小毛賊／小毛贼
- 小賊／小贼
- 山賊／山贼 (shānzéi)
- 德賊／德贼
- 悍賊／悍贼
- 慣賊／惯贼
- 戕賊／戕贼
- 拿賊拿贓／拿贼拿赃
- 拿賊見贓／拿贼见赃
- 擒賊擒王／擒贼擒王 (qínzéiqínwáng)
- 擒賊擒首／擒贼擒首
- 木賊／木贼 (mùzéi)
- 殘賊／残贼 (cánzéi)
- 毛賊／毛贼 (máozéi)
- 民賊／民贼 (mínzéi)
- 水賊／水贼
- 海賊／海贼 (hǎizéi)
- 漏面賊／漏面贼
- 烏賊／乌贼 (wūzéi)
- 烏賊車／乌贼车
- 狂賊／狂贼
- 狗賊／狗贼
- 猾賊／猾贼
- 白拈賊／白拈贼
- 白日賊／白日贼
- 白賊／白贼 (báizéi)
- 白賊七／白贼七
- 盜賊／盗贼 (dàozéi)
- 盜賊四起／盗贼四起
- 盜賊蜂起／盗贼蜂起
- 盜馬賊／盗马贼 (dàomǎzéi)
- 真贓正賊／真赃正贼
- 破賊／破贼 (pòzéi)
- 禿賊／秃贼
- 積賊／积贼
- 竊賊／窃贼 (qièzéi)
- 老賊／老贼 (lǎozéi)
- 花賊／花贼
- 草賊／草贼 (cǎozéi)
- 蝥賊／蝥贼
- 蟊賊／蟊贼
- 討賊／讨贼 (tǎozéi)
- 認賊作父／认贼作父 (rènzéizuòfù)
- 認賊為子／认贼为子
- 賊人／贼人 (zéirén)
- 賊人心虛／贼人心虚
- 賊人膽虛／贼人胆虚
- 賊仔星／贼仔星
- 賊去關門／贼去关门
- 賊喊捉賊／贼喊捉贼 (zéihǎnzhuōzéi)
- 賊子／贼子
- 賊子亂臣／贼子乱臣
- 賊害／贼害
- 賊寇／贼寇
- 賊巢／贼巢 (zéicháo)
- 賊店／贼店
- 賊心／贼心 (zéixīn)
- 賊性／贼性
- 賊星／贼星 (zéixīng)
- 賊曹／贼曹
- 賊王八／贼王八
- 賊皮賊骨／贼皮贼骨
- 賊眉鼠眼／贼眉鼠眼
- 賊眼／贼眼
- 賊禿／贼秃
- 賊窩子／贼窝子
- 賊肉／贼肉
- 賊臣亂子／贼臣乱子
- 賊臣逆子／贼臣逆子
- 賊船／贼船 (zéichuán)
- 賊虐／贼虐
- 賊話兒／贼话儿
- 賊贓／贼赃 (zéizāng)
- 賊頭賊腦／贼头贼脑
- 賊頭鼠腦／贼头鼠脑
- 賊首／贼首 (zéishǒu)
- 賊驢／贼驴
- 賊骨頭／贼骨头
- 賊鬼／贼鬼
- 賊黨／贼党 (zéidǎng)
- 賣國賊／卖国贼 (màiguózéi)
- 逆子賊臣／逆子贼臣
- 逆臣賊子／逆臣贼子
- 逆賊／逆贼 (nìzéi)
- 附賊／附贼
- 陰賊／阴贼 (yīnzé)
- 雅賊／雅贼
- 飛賊／飞贼
- 馬賊／马贼 (mǎzéi)
- 鬧賊／闹贼
Japanese[edit]
| Shinjitai | 賊 | 
|
| Kyūjitai [1][2] |
賊󠄁 賊+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
| 賊󠄄 賊+ 󠄄?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji[edit]
賊
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ぞく (zoku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: そく (soku)
- Kun: あだ (ada, 賊); そこなう (sokonau, 賊なう)←そこなふ (sokonafu, 賊なふ, historical); にしもの (nishimono, 賊); ぬすむ (nusumu, 賊む)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 賊魁 (zokukai)
- 賊害 (zokugai)
- 賊虐 (zokugyaku)
- 賊軍 (zokugun)
- 賊塞 (zokusai)
- 賊砦 (zokusai)
- 賊殺 (zokusatsu)
- 賊子 (zokushi)
- 賊首 (zokushu)
- 賊衆 (zokushū)
- 賊将 (zokushō)
- 賊情 (zokujō)
- 賊心 (zokushin)
- 賊臣 (zokushin)
- 賊勢 (zokusei)
- 賊巣 (zokusō)
- 賊地 (zokuchi)
- 賊徒 (zokuto)
- 賊盗 (zokutō)
- 賊党 (zokutō)
- 賊難 (zokunan)
- 賊匪 (zokuhi)
- 賊氛 (zokufun)
- 賊兵 (zokuhei)
- 賊民 (zokumin)
- 賊名 (zokumei)
- 賊塁 (zokurui)
- 賊姦 (zokkan)
- 烏賊 (ika): squid, cuttlefish
- 陰賊 (inzoku)
- 烏賊 (uzoku)
- 怨賊 (onzoku)
- 海賊 (kaizoku): pirate
- 猾賊 (katsuzoku)
- 姦賊 (kanzoku)
- 義賊 (gizoku)
- 逆賊 (gyakuzoku)
- 劫賊 (kyōzoku)
- 劇賊 (gekizoku)
- 険賊 (kenzoku)
- 寇賊 (kōzoku)
- 国賊 (kokuzoku)
- 山賊 (sanzoku)
- 残賊 (zanzoku)
- 夙賊 (shukuzoku)
- 小賊 (shōzoku)
- 戕賊 (shōzoku)
- 草賊 (sōzoku)
- 鼠賊 (sozoku)
- 盗賊 (tōzoku)
- 討賊 (tōzoku)
- 馬賊 (bazoku)
- 髪賊 (hatsuzoku)
- 匪賊 (hizoku)
- 詖賊 (hizoku)
- 蝥賊 (bōzoku)
- 民賊 (minzoku)
- 木賊 (mokuzoku)
- 乱賊 (ranzoku)
- 流賊 (ryūzoku)
- 倭賊 (wazoku)
Etymology[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 賊 |
| ぞく Grade: S |
| goon |
From Middle Chinese 賊 (MC dzok).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 2026 (paper), page 1065 (digital)
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 1160 (paper), page 593 (digital)
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 賊 (MC dzok). Recorded as Middle Korean 적〮 (cék) (Yale: cek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
賊: Hán Nôm readings: tặc, giặc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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