辰

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Pictogram (象形) – a man with a hoe.

Han character

辰 (radical 161 辰+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一一一女 (MMMV), four-corner 7123₂)

1. early morning
2. fifth of twelve earthly branches (十二支): dragon (龍) of Chinese zodiac
3. a surname

Derived characters

• 振 震 賑 赈

References

• KangXi: page 1252, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38682
• Dae Jaweon: page 1733, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3606, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8FB0

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		辰

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chén, rǔ (chen², ru³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˊ, ㄖㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san⁴
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): shìn
• Min Nan (POJ): sîn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chén
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'ên²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenr
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: rǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˇ
    • Wade-Giles: ju³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruu
    • IPA ^(key): /ʐu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: san⁴
    • Yale: sàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: shìn
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /shin¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîn
    • Tâi-lô: sîn
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕin²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕin¹³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (辰, reconstructed)
Character (辰), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 常 (25) Final: 眞 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 植鄰切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/d͡ʑiɪn/	/ʑi̯ĕn/	/ʑiĕn/	/d͡ʑin/	/d͡ʑin/	/ʑĭĕn/	/d͡ʑjen/

Old Chinese pronunciation (辰, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
辰								chén								‹ dzyin ›								/*[d]ər/								5th earthly branch
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
辰					1372					辰					文					1					辰					/*djɯn/

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

辰

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. the dragon as the fifth sign in the Chinese zodiac

Readings

• On: しん (shin)
• Kun: たつ (tatsu)
• Nanori: とき (toki), のぶ (nobu), のぶる (noburu)

Compounds

Compounds containing 辰

辰韓 (しんかん, shinkan): the Jinhan confederacy: a twelve-member confederation, located on the southeast of the Korean peninsula during the proto-Three Kingdoms period, later absorbed into the growing Silla kingdom 辰刻 (しんこく, shinkoku): the hour of the dragon: 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM 辰刻法 (しんこくほう, shinkokuhō): a timekeeping method used during the Edo period, using six hours for the day and six for the night 辰沙 (しんしゃ, shinsha), 辰砂 (しんしゃ, shinsha; しんさ, shinsa): cinnabar, mercury sulfide: a common ore of mercury 辰砂油 (しんしゃゆ, shinshayu): cinnabar oil, vermilion oil: cinnabar mixed with oil, used to treat dermatitis 辰宿 (しんしゅく, shinshuku): a constellation 辰祭り (たつまつり, tatsu matsuri): "dragon festival": a ceremony in Edo-period Japan, held at the houses of the wealthy in the hour of the dragon on the first day of the dragon after New Years 辰松 (たつまつ, Tatsumatsu): the name of a family of traditional Japanese puppeteers 辰松風 (たつまつふう, Tatsumatsu fū): a men's hairstyle popular in the middle of the Edo period, popularized by a noted puppeteer of the Takamatsu family 辰星 (しんせい, Shinsei; たちみぼし, Tachimiboshi): alternate name for the planet Mercury; alternate name for the star Antares 辰年 (たつどし, tatsudoshi): the year of the dragon under the Chinese zodiac 辰巳 (たつみ, tatsumi): between the dragon and the snake: around 9:00 AM on the clock, or southeast on the compass 辰巳下り, 辰巳下 (たつみさがり, tatsumi sagari): gentle and refined of speech and manner 辰巳上り, 辰巳上 (たつみあがり, tatsumi agari): shrill and loud of speech, crude and course of manner; a woman from the Fukugawa red-light district in Edo 辰巳言葉 (たつみことば, tatsumi kotoba): a slang or argot used by the prostitutes and geisha of the Fukugawa red-light district in Edo 辰巳調子 (たつみちょうし, tatsumi chōshi): shrill and loud of speech, crude and course of manner

Etymology 1

From Sinitic 辰.

Noun

辰 (hiragana しん, romaji shin)

1. the dragon as the fifth sign in the Chinese zodiac

Etymology 2

By extension from the verb たつ (tatsu, “to get up, to take off”), from the notion of a dragon flying.

Noun

辰 (hiragana たつ, romaji tatsu)

1. the dragon as the fifth sign in the Chinese zodiac
2. by extension from the zodiac:
   1. the name of the year or day corresponding to the fifth in a cycle of twelve
   2. roughly east-southeast, specifically 30° south of due east (i.e. a bearing of 120°)
   3. the hour of the dragon, specifically 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM; sometimes treated as 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM instead
   4. alternate name for 三月 (sangatsu, “the month of March”)

Derived terms

Derived terms

辰の市 (たつのいち, tatsu no ichi): in the Yamato kingdom of ancient Japan, markets held every day of the dragon 辰の一点 (たつのいってん, tatsu no itten): the first 30 minutes of the hour of the dragon 辰の刻 (たつのこく, tatsu no koku): the hour of the dragon 辰の時 (たつのとき, tatsu no toki): the hour of the dragon

Idioms

• 辰に巻いて巳にこぼす (たつにまいてみにこぼす, tatsu ni maite mi ni kobosu): sunny one day, rainy the next

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Korean

Hanja

辰 (jin, sin)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 진, 신 (revised: jin, sin, McCune-Reischauer: chin, sin, Yale: cin, sin)

• Name (hangeul): 별, 때()

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Vietnamese

Han character

辰 (thần, thìn, thì)

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