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See also: and
U+8FB2, 農
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8FB2

[U+8FB1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8FB3]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 161, +6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿田一一女 (TWMMV), four-corner 55232, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1252, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38688
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1733, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3607, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8FB2

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

In its current form, an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : + (field). Top unrelated to , and previously two hands, one on either side of a bundle – a farmer bringing goods to market, from the field .

Etymology

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Probably Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with (OC *noːɡs, *nuːɡ, “hoe, rake; to weed”), possibly derived from it with the terminative suffix *-ŋ for action with a goal, i.e. "to get a field hoed" > "cultivated"; compare (OC *maŋ, “to disappear”) from (OC *ma, “(there is) no”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Huang (2000), Norman (1983) and Zhou (1986) hypothesised that this is the same etymon as (OC *nuːŋ, “person, I, me”). See there for more.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • lâng - vernacular;
  • lông - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /nuŋ³⁵/
Harbin /nəŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /nu⁴⁵/
/nuŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /nuŋ⁴²/
/nu⁴²/
Qingdao /nu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /nuŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /luŋ²⁴/
Xining /luə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /nuŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /lũn⁵³/
Ürümqi /luŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /noŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /noŋ³¹/
Guiyang /noŋ²¹/
Kunming /noŋ³¹/
Nanjing /loŋ²⁴/
Hefei /ləŋ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /nəŋ¹¹/
/nuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /nəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /nə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /noŋ²³/
Suzhou /noŋ¹³/
Hangzhou /noŋ²¹³/
/ȵioŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /noŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /lʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /lin¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /loŋ¹³/
Xiangtan /nən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /luŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /nuŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /nuŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /noŋ²¹/
Nanning /nuŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /nuŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lɔŋ³⁵/
/laŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nuŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /nɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /loŋ⁵⁵/
/naŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /noŋ³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (8)
Final () (5)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter nowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/nuoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/nuoŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/noŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/nawŋ/
Li
Rong
/noŋ/
Wang
Li
/nuoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/nuoŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
nóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
nung4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
nóng
Middle
Chinese
‹ nowng ›
Old
Chinese
/*nˁ[o]ŋ/
English agriculture; to farm

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9571
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*nuːŋ/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. to cultivate; to farm
  2. land cultivation; farming; agriculture
  3. farmer; grower
      ―  càinóng  ―  vegetable farmer
  4. (Catholicism) Nun
  5. a surname

Synonyms

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  • (farmer):
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  • (Nun): (Protestantism) (nèn)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. agriculture, farming

Readings

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  • Go-on: のう (, Jōyō) (no)
  • Kan-on: どう ()
  • Nanori: (na) (no) (mi)

Etymology

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
のう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (nowng, agriculture, farming).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(のう) (

  1. agriculture, farming
  2. a farmer

Usage notes

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For the farmer sense, the terms 農家 (nōka) or 農夫 (nōfu, male farmer) or 農婦 (nōfu, female farmer) may be used more often.

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC nowng).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 농사 (nongsa nong))

  1. hanja form? of (agriculture)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: nông, nong, nôn, núng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.