農家

See also: 农家

Chinese

		agriculture	home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools
trad. (農家)		農	家
simp. (农家)		农	家

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nóngjiā

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nung⁴ gaa¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nùng-kâ
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lông-ka

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nóngjiā
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nóngjia
    • Wade–Giles: nung²-chia¹
    • Yale: núng-jyā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nongjia
    • Palladius: нунцзя (nunczja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nung⁴ gaa¹
    • Yale: nùhng gā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nung⁴ gaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: nung⁴ ga¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʊŋ²¹ kaː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nùng-kâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: nungˇ ga´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nung² ga¹
    • Sinological IPA: /nuŋ¹¹ ka²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông-ka
    • Tâi-lô: lông-ka
    • Phofsit Daibuun: longkaf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² ka³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³⁻²² ka⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: nowng kae

Rime
Character	農	家
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	奴冬切	古牙切
Baxter	nowng	kae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nuoŋ/	/kˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/nuoŋ/	/kᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/noŋ/	/ka/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nawŋ/	/kaɨ/
Li Rong	/noŋ/	/ka/
Wang Li	/nuoŋ/	/ka/
Bernard Karlgren	/nuoŋ/	/ka/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nóng	jiā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nung4	gaa1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[o]ŋ  kˤra/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nuːŋ  kraː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	農	家
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nóng	jiā
Middle Chinese	‹ nowng ›	‹ kæ ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[o]ŋ/	/*kˁra/
English	agriculture; to farm	household
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	農	家
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9571	5919
Phonetic component	農	家
Rime group	終	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	農	嘉
Old Chinese	/*nuːŋ/	/*kraː/
Notes	金文從田不從囟

Noun

農家

1. farming family
2. farmhouse
3. agriculturalism (a school of Chinese philosophy, prevalent during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (770 to 221 BC), that advocated for peasant utopian communalism and egalitarianism)

Derived terms

• 農家乳酪／农家乳酪 (nóngjiā rǔlào)
• 農家乾酪／农家干酪 (nóngjiā gānlào)
• 農家女／农家女
• 農家子／农家子
• 農家子弟／农家子弟
• 農家樂／农家乐 (nóngjiālè)
• 農家肥／农家肥 (nóngjiāféi)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
農	家
のう Grade: 3	か Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology

From Sinitic 農家／农家 (nóngjiā).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) の​ーか [nóꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [no̞ːka̠]

Noun

農(のう)家(か) • (nōka) 

1. a farming family
2. a farmer
3. a farmhouse
4. agriculturalism, one of the many schools of thought arising in China during the Warring States period, advocating peasant utopian communalism and egalitarianism

See also

• Agriculturalism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.