近

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

近 (radical 162 辵+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹一中 (YHML), four-corner 3230₂, composition ⿰辶斤)

References

• KangXi: page 1254, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38752
• Dae Jaweon: page 1736, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3819, character 12
• Unihan data for U+8FD1

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		近

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìn (jin⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan⁶, kan⁵
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): khiun/khiûn
• Min Nan (POJ): kīn / kūn
• Wu (WT Romanisation): jin (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
    • Wade-Giles: chin⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan⁶, kan⁵
    • Yale: gahn, káhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan⁶, kan⁵
    • IPA ^(key): /kɐn²²/, /kʰɐn¹³/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiun/khiûn
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /kʰi̯un⁵⁵/, /kʰi̯un²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kīn / kūn
    • Tâi-lô: kīn / kūn
    • IPA (Taipei): /kin³³/, /kun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin²²/, /kun²²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: jin (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɪɲ²³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (近, reconstructed)
Character (近), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 群 (30) Final: 欣 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 其謹切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ɡɨnX/	/gi̯ənX/	/ɡiənX/	/ɡɨnX/	/gɨnX/	/ɡĭənX/	/ɡiənX/
Character (近), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 群 (30) Final: 欣 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 巨靳切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ɡɨnH/	/gi̯ənH/	/ɡiənH/	/ɡɨnH/	/gɨnH/	/ɡĭənH/	/ɡiənH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (近, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
近								jìn								‹ gjɨnX ›								/*N-kərʔ/								near
近								jìn								‹ gjɨnH ›								/*s-N-kərʔ-s/								be near to (v.t.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
近					6659					斤					文					1					近					/*ɡɯnʔ/
近					6660					斤					文					1					近					/*ɡɯns/

Definitions

近

1. near, close
2. intimate
3. approximately
4. approach

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Japanese

Kanji

近

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. nearby, close

Readings

• Goon: ごん (gon)
• Kan’on: きん (kin)
• Kan’yōon: こん (kon)
• Kun: ちかい (chikai)

Proper noun

近 (hiragana こん, romaji Kon)

1. A surname​.

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Korean

Hanja

近 (geun) (hangeul 근, McCune-Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

近 (cận, cặn, gàn, gần)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.