金

See also 全

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

• trad. 釒, simpl. 钅 (when used as a left Chinese radical)
• 𠊍 (old form)

Phonosemantic interpretation

Old Chinese Initial /*k-/ lends semantic value Frame. Initial /*-m/ lends semantic value Concealment. Bronze inscription style shows phono-semantic indicator 今 (contain) + semantic indicator an element combining 土 earth and random marks → gold contained/concealed here and there within the earth → money; metal; yellow; golden. Source: Howell & Morimoto

Etymology

Pictogram (象形) – a bell (cast metal) with bumps.

Also simplified from 缶 in some characters, such as 鉢 (from 缽).

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

金 (radical 167 金+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 金 (C), four-corner 8010₉)

1. gold (Au)
2. metals in general
3. money, material wealth, precious stones/gemstone/jewels &/or minerals
4. used as a surname (in China and Korea)

Derived terms

• Index:Chinese radical/金

See also

• 全

References

• KangXi: page 1295, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40152
• Dae Jaweon: page 1795, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4167, character 1
• Unihan data for U+91D1

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Cantonese

Hanzi

金 (jyutping gam1, Yale gam1)

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Hakka

Hanzi

金 (POJ kim, Guangdong kim¹, Hagfa Pinyim gim1)

References

• CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)
• Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
• Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.

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Japanese

Kanji

金 (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: こん (kon), ごん (gon)
• Kan’on: きん (kin)
• Kun: かね (kane), かな (kana)
• Nanori: かん (kan), きむ (kimu), こ (ko), この (kono)

Compounds

Compounds

金魚 (きんぎょ, kingyo): a goldfish 金魚草 (きんぎょそう, kingyosō): a snapdragon 金魚掬い (きんぎょすくい, kingyosukui): goldfish scooping (a fairground game) 料金 (りょうきん, ryōkin): a fee 現金 (げんきん, genkin): cash 錬金術 (れんきんじゅつ, renkinjutsu): alchemy 引当金 (ひきあてきん, hikiatekin): provision, reserves 借入金 (しゃくにゅうきん, shakunyūkin): borrowed money, debt payable, loan payable 消費者金融 (しょうひしゃきんゆう, shōhisha kin'yū): consumer finance 国庫金 (こっこきん, kokkokin): treasury funds (as of the central government) 金属 (きんぞく, kinzoku): a metal, metallic

非金属 (ひきんぞく, hikinzoku): a nonmetal, nonmetallic 半金属 (はんきんぞく, hankinzoku): metalloid 資金 (しきん, shikin): capital, funds 資本金 (しほんきん, shihonkin): capital, capital stock 代金 (だいきん, daikin): a rate, a price 上金 (あげがね, agegane): tribute paid by general commoners to daimyō in feudal Japan 上金 (じょうきん, jōkin): high-quality, high-purity gold 賃金 (ちんぎん, chingin): wages 合金 (ごうきん, gōkin): an alloy 金管楽器 (きんかんがっき, kinkan gakki): a brass instrument 白金 (はっきん, hakkin): platinum 預金 (よきん, yokin): a deposit (as in a bank account) 賞金 (しょうきん, shōkin): prize money, a reward

年金 (ねんきん, nenkin): a pension, an annuity 換金 (かんきん, kankin): realization or conversion of goods into money, such as to cash a check 金塊 (きんかい, kinkai): a gold nugget, bar, ingot, or bullion 資金洗浄 (しきんせんじょう, shikin senjō): money laundering 金型 (かねがた, kanegata): a die or mold 金曜日 (きんようび, kin'yōbi): Friday 金字塔 (きんじとう, kinjitō): a pyramid or monument 一刻千金 (いっこくせんきん, ikkoku senkin): time flies when you're having fun 金銭 (きんせん, kinsen): money, cash 金額 (きんがく, kingaku): an amount of money 益金 (えききん, ekikin): profit, proceeds 金髪 (きんぱつ, kinpatsu): blond hair 砂金 (さきん, sakin): gold dust

Etymology 1

From Old Japanese.

The four kanji spellings of this term, 金 (“gold”), 銀 (“silver”), 銅 (“copper”), and 鉄 (“iron”), hint at the importance of each of these four metals in ancient Japan.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA: [ka̠ne̞]

Alternative forms

• 銀, 銅, 鉄

Noun

金 (hiragana かね, romaji kane)

1. money

   ⇒ お金 (okane)

2. metal

Usage notes

The 金 spelling is the most common for this term.

Synonyms

• (money): お金 (おかね, okane)
• (metal): 金属 (きんぞく, kinzoku)

Derived terms

Derived terms

銅 (あかがね, akagane): copper 鋇 (あつがね, atsugane): barium 鉱 (あらがね, aragane): ore, unrefined metal 鉄 (くろがね, kurogane): iron 銀 (しろがね, shirogane): silver 鋼, 鑌 (はがね, hagane): steel 水銀, 汞 (みずがね, mizugane): mercury

Etymology 2

/kane/ > /kana/

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA: [ka̠na̠]

Prefix

金 (hiragana かな, romaji kana)

1. metal
2. money
3. firmness, strength
4. completely, entirely

Derived terms

Derived terms

金山 (かなやま, kanayama): a mine (for mineral extraction) 鉄床, 鉄床, 鉄砧 (かなとこ, kanatoko): an anvil 金具 (かなぐ, kanagu): hardware, metal fittings 金串 (かなぐし, kanagushi): a metal skewer or spit 金轡 (かなぐつわ, kanagutsuwa): a metal bit (as for a horse's mouth); hush money, a bribe 金槌 (かなづち, kanazuchi): a metal hammer 鉄棒 (かなぼう, kanabou): a metal rod or staff 金網 (かなあみ, kanaami): a metal mesh, net, or screen

Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 金 (/kim/). Compare modern Mandarin 金.

Pronunciation

• On'yomi
• IPA: [kĩɴ]

Noun

金 (hiragana きん, romaji kin)

1. gold (Au)
2. money

   金一封をもらった。

   きんいっぷうをもらった。
   Kin ippū o moratta.

   I received a gift of money.

3. (shogi) short for 金将 (kinsho, “the gold general”, a shogi piece)

Etymology 4

Compound of 黄 (ku, “yellow”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”). The ku is a variation of regular reading ki. The kane changes to gane due to rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA: [kɯᵝga̠ne̞], [kɯᵝŋa̠ne̞]

Alternative forms

• 黄金

Noun

金 (hiragana くがね, romaji kugane)

1. (archaic) gold

Etymology 5

Alteration of kugane, possibly influenced by metaphor from 小金 (kogane, “a small amount of money”).

/kugane/ > /kogane/

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA: [ko̞ga̠ne̞], [ko̞ŋa̠ne̞]

Alternative forms

• 黄金

Noun

金 (hiragana こがね, romaji kogane)

1. gold
2. gold or metal currency: coins, such as 大判 (ōban) or 小判 (koban)
3. short for 黄金色 (kogane iro, “gold”, the color)
4. short for 黄金の泥 (kogane no dei, “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration)

   ⇒ 金泥 (kondei)

See also

• 小金 (こがね, kogane): a small amount of money
• 金泥 (こんでい, kondei): “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration

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Korean

Hanja

金
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 김, 금 (revised: gim, geum, McCune-Reischauer: kim, kŭm, Yale: kim, kum)

• Name (hangeul): 성, 쇠 (revised: seong, soe, McCune-Reischauer: sŏng, soe, Yale: seng, soy)

Noun

1. gold
2. (as an abbreviation) Friday

Compounds

• 金星 (금성)
• 金曜日 (금요일)

Proper noun

金

1. A surname​.

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Mandarin

Hanzi

金 (pinyin jīn (jin1), jìn (jin4), Wade-Giles chin¹, chin⁴)

Compounds

金榜 金镑 金本位 金笔 金币 金碧辉煌 (jīn bì huīhuáng) 金箔 金不换 金灿灿, 金灿灿的 金蝉脱壳 金城汤池 金疮 金殿 金额 金发 金饭碗 金粉 金风 金刚 金刚努目 金刚砂 金刚石 金刚石婚 金刚钻 金糕 金戈铁马 金工 金箍棒 金瓜

金龟 金龟子 金贵 (jīnguì) 金红 金环蛇 金煌煌, 金煌煌的, 金晃晃, 金晃晃的 金黄 金婚 金鸡 金鸡独立 金甲 (jīnjiǎ) 金浆玉醴 金奖 金交椅 金酒 (jīnjiǔ) 金橘 (jīnjú) 金科玉律 金壳郎 金口 金口玉言 金库 金兰 金莲, 金莲儿 金莲花 金铃子 金绿玉 金銮殿 金马玉堂

金迷纸醉 金牛座 金牌 金钱 金钱板 金钱豹 金钱草 (jīnqiáncǎo) 金钱松 金枪鱼 金秋 金融 金融寡头 金融危机 金融资本 金嗓子 金色 金闪闪, 金闪闪的 金身 金石 金属 金属陶瓷 金丝猴 金丝雀 金丝燕 金汤 金条 金文 金乌

金相玉质 金星 (Jīnxīng) 金言 金疡 金钥匙 金银财宝 金银花 (jīnyínhuā) 金鱼 (jīnyú) 金鱼草 金鱼虫 金鱼藻 金玉 (jīnyù) 金玉良言 (jīnyù liángyán) 金玉满堂 金圆券 金盏花 金针 (jīnzhēn) 金针菜 金枝玉叶 金质 金钟儿 金镯 金字旁儿 金字塔 (jīnzìtǎ) 金字招牌 金子 錫金 (Xījīn​) 金雕 (jīndiāo)

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Middle Chinese

Han character

金 (*gyim)

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Vietnamese

Han character

金 (kim, ghim, găm)