鎖

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See also: 锁
鎖 U+9396, 鎖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9396
← 鎕
[U+9395] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鎗 →
[U+9397]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

鎖 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 金火月金 (CFBC), four-corner 89186, composition ⿰釒𧴪)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1317, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40708
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1817, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4240, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9396

Chinese[edit]

trad. 鎖
simp. 锁
alternative forms 鎻／锁
鏁／𬭲

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (瑣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鎖 *soːlʔ
瑣 *soːlʔ
溑 *soːlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *soːlʔ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𧴪 ().

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 鎖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇果切
Baxter swaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/suɑX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/suɑX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/suɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/swaX/
Li
Rong 		/suɑX/
Wang
Li 		/suɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/suɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		suǒ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		so2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鎖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		suǒ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ swaX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s]ˁojʔ/
English chain

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鎖
Reading # 1/1
No. 12205
Phonetic
component 		瑣
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		鎖
Old
Chinese 		/*soːlʔ/

Definitions[edit]

鎖

  1. (countable) lock (something used for fastening) (Classifier: 把 m c)
    這輛車沒有鎖。／这辆车没有锁。  ―  Zhè liàng chē méiyǒu suǒ.  ―  This car has no lock.
  2. lock-shaped thing
  3. (computing) lock (mutex or other token restricting access to a resource)
  4. chain
  5. (transitive) to lock; to lock up
    鎖門／锁门  ―  suǒmén  ―  to lock the doors
    這輛車沒有鎖。／这辆车没有锁。  ―  Zhè liàng chē méiyǒu suǒ.  ―  This car is not locked.
  6. to seal; to close; to seal off
  7. to lockstitch
  8. a surname: Suo

Synonyms[edit]

  • (lock):
Dialectal synonyms of 鎖 (“lock (n.)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鎖
Mandarin Beijing 鎖
Taiwan 鎖, 鎖頭
Langfang 鎖
Tangshan 鎖
Cangzhou 鎖
Baoding 鎖
Shijiazhuang 鎖子
Daming 鎖
Harbin 鎖, 鎖頭
Shenyang 鎖頭
Yantai (Muping) 鎖
Jinan 鎖
Luoyang 鎖
Wanrong 鎖子
Zhengzhou 鎖
Xi'an 鎖子
Yinchuan 鎖子
Lanzhou 鎖子
Xining 鎖子, 鎖鎖
Ürümqi 鎖頭, 鎖子
Wuhan 鎖
Chengdu 鎖
Guiyang 鎖
Kunming 鎖
Guilin 鎖
Liuzhou 鎖頭
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 鎖
Xuzhou 鎖
Yangzhou 鎖
Nanjing 鎖
Hefei 鎖
Malaysia 鎖頭
Singapore 鎖頭
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 鎖子
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 鎖子
Cantonese Guangzhou 鎖, 錔, 鎖頭
Hong Kong 鎖, 錔, 鎖頭
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 鎖
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 鎖
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 鎖頭
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 鎖頭
Macau 鎖
Guangzhou (Panyu) 鎖
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 鎖
Guangzhou (Conghua) 鎖
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 鎖
Foshan 鎖
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 鎖
Foshan (Shunde) 鎖
Foshan (Sanshui) 鎖
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 鎖
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 鎖
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 鎖
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 鎖
Zhuhai (Doumen) 鎖
Jiangmen (Baisha) 鎖
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 鎖
Taishan 鎖
Kaiping (Chikan) 鎖
Enping (Niujiang) 鎖
Heshan (Yayao) 鎖
Dongguan 鎖
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 鎖
Qingyuan 鎖
Fogang 鎖
Yingde (Hanguang) 鎖頭
Yangshan 鎖, 鎖頭
Lianshan (Butian) 鎖頭
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 鎖
Shaoguan 鎖頭, 鎖
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 鎖
Renhua 鎖頭
Lechang 鎖
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 鎖
Sihui 鎖
Guangning 鎖
Deqing 鎖
Huaiji 鎖頭
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 鎖
Yunfu 鎖頭
Xinxing 鎖
Luoding 鎖頭
Yunan (Pingtai) 鎖
Yangjiang 鎖
Xinyi 鎖
Lianjiang 鎖
Nanning 鎖
Wuzhou 鎖
Yulin 鎖
Hepu (Lianzhou) 鎖, 鎖頭
Hepu (Shatian) 鎖頭
Qinzhou 鎖, 鎖頭
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 鎖
Beihai 鎖頭
Beihai (Nankang) 鎖頭
Beihai (Yingpan) 鎖頭
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 鎖
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 鎖頭
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 鎖
Danzhou 鎖頭
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鎖頭
Singapore (Guangfu) 鎖頭
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 鎖
Móng Cái 鎖
Gan Nanchang 鎖
Lichuan 鎖
Pingxiang 鎖
Hakka Meixian 鎖頭
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 鎖
Dongguan (Qingxi) 鎖
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 鎖
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 鎖頭
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 鎖頭
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 鎖頭
Wuhua (Huacheng) 鎖頭
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 鎖頭
Conghua (Lütian) 鎖頭
Yudu 鎖
Shicheng 鎖
Shangyou (Shexi) 鎖頭
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鎖頭
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鎖頭
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 鎖頭
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 鎖頭
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 鎖頭
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 鎖頭
Hong Kong 鎖頭
Luchuan (Daqiao) 鎖
Sabah (Longchuan) 鎖頭
Senai (Huiyang) 鎖
Kuching (Hepo) 鎖頭
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 鎖頭
Singkawang 鎖頭
Huizhou Jixi 鎖
Tunxi 鎖
Jin Taiyuan 鎖子, 鎖
Xinzhou 鎖子
Hohhot 鎖子
Zhangjiakou 鎖子
Handan 鎖子
Northern Min Jian'ou 鎖
Pucheng (Shibei) 鎖
Eastern Min Fuzhou 鎖, 鎖匙
Fuqing 鎖頭
Matsu 鎖
Southern Min Xiamen 鎖, 鎖頭
Zhangzhou 鎖, 鎖頭
Zhao'an 鎖頭
Dongshan 鎖頭
Taipei 鎖
New Taipei (Sanxia) 鎖頭
Kaohsiung 鎖頭
Yilan 鎖, 鎖頭
Changhua (Lukang) 鎖頭
Taichung 鎖頭
Tainan 鎖, 鎖頭
Hsinchu 鎖頭
Kinmen 鎖
Penghu (Magong) 鎖頭
Penang (Hokkien) 鎖頭
Singapore (Hokkien) 鎖頭
Manila (Hokkien) 鎖
Zhangping (Yongfu) 鎖
Pingnan (Shangdu) 鎖
Chaozhou 鎖頭
Shantou 鎖頭, 鎖
Jieyang 鎖頭
Haifeng 鎖頭
Bangkok (Teochew) 鎖
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 鎖頭
Singapore (Teochew) 鎖頭
Pontianak (Teochew) 鎖頭
Leizhou 鎖
Wenchang 鎖頭
Haikou 鎖頭
Puxian Min Putian 鎖
Central Min Yong'an 鎖
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 鎖
Sanxiang 鎖
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 鎖頭, 鎖
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 鎖
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 鎖
Wu Shanghai 鎖
Shanghai (Chongming) 鎖
Suzhou 鎖
Danyang 鎖
Hangzhou 鎖
Ningbo 鎖
Wenzhou 鎖
Jinhua 鎖
Xiang Changsha 鎖
Loudi 鎖
Shuangfeng 鎖
Quanzhou 鎖

Antonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → Zhuang: suj
  • via Old Chinese:
  • →⇒ Middle Korean: 솨줄〮 (swàcwúl)
  • → Old Uyghur: swʾ (sua)
    • ⇒ Old Uyghur: swlʾ- (suala-)

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 鎖
Kyūjitai
[1]
鎖󠄁
鎖+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
鎖󠄃
鎖+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

鎖

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
鎖
くさり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 鏈る (kusaru, “to be linked together, to link together”).[2][3]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

鎖(くさり) • (kusari) 

  1. a chain
    • 1999 March 1, “聖(せい)なる鎖(くさり)”, in Booster 1, Konami:
      聖(せい)なる力(ちから)で、動(うご)きを封(ふう)じることができると言(い)われている鎖(くさり)。
      Seinaru chikara de, ugoki o fūjiru koto ga dekiru to iwareteiru kusari.
      This chain is said to be able to seal all movements with its holy power.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
鎖
とざし
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 鎖す (tozasu, “to shut and lock a door or gate”).[2][3]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

鎖(とざし) • (tozashi) 

  1. the closing and locking of a door or gate
  2. a door or gate so closed and locked
  3. a bar or other device used to lock a door or gate
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
鎖
つがり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 連る (tsugaru, “to continue, to lead onto the next, to be connected; to connect or link together”).[2][3]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝɡa̠ɾʲi]

Noun[edit]

鎖(つがり) • (tsugari) 

  1. a connection, linkage, or continuation
  2. (rare) a chain
  3. a string of items tied together
  4. the part of the opening of a drawstring bag through which the string is passed
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
鎖
さ
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 鎻 or 鎖 (MC swaX). Compare modern Mandarin 鎖／锁 (suǒ, “lock, padlock; shackles, chains”).

Only used in compounds in modern Japanese.

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

鎖(さ) • (sa) 

  1. a chain, linkage, or continuation
  2. a lock or barrier
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Starting with 鎖:

Ending with 鎖:

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
鎖
じょう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Alteration from sau, itself an alternative reading of sa above, possibly influenced by an early variety of Mandarin reading suǒ or Cantonese reading so².[2] The shift from sau to jau (modern jō) was probably the influence of the reading of synonymous character 錠 (jō).

/sa/ → /sau/ → /d͡ʑau/ → /d͡ʑoː/

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

鎖(じょう) • (jō) ←ぢやう (dyau)?

  1. (pitch 0) a metal bar used to lock shut a gate, door, chest, or other opening
  2. (pitch 0) a key used to lock or unlock such an opening
  3. (pitch 1) a pill or tablet
Usage notes[edit]

The senses have different pitch accents. A low starting pitch is used for the lock or key meanings, while a high starting pitch is used for the pill or tablet meanings.

The alternative spelling 錠 was originally an ateji, but in reference to openings, the meaning was limited to key, while the lock sense was spelled 鎖. In modern Japanese, these characters are largely interchangeable for both lock and key senses. However, the more common term for key is 鍵 (kagi).

The pill sense is more commonly spelled 錠.

Counter[edit]

鎖(じょう) • (-jō) ←ぢやう (dyau)?

  1. counter for pills or tablets
    この薬(くすり)は一(いっ)回(かい)に三(さん)鎖(じょう)とのことです。
    Kono kusuri wa ikkai ni sanjō to no koto desu.
    The instructions are to take three pills of this medicine for each dose.
Usage notes[edit]

More commonly spelled 錠.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2195 (paper), page 1149 (digital)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

鎖 • (swae) (hangeul 쇄)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

鎖: Hán Nôm readings: tỏa/toả, khóa/khoá, sõa/soã, tủa, xõa/xoã, tuở, tỏe/toẻ, sỏa/soả

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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