革

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Pictogram (象形) – a stretched animal hide: the upper is head, the bottom is the tail and legs.

Compare 皮, which also features a hide.

Han character

革 (radical 177 革+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿中十 (TLJ), four-corner 4450₆)

1. leather, animal hides
2. rad. 177
3. 49th hexagram of the I Ching

Related characters

• 舞, 無 (无)

See also

• 皮

References

• KangXi: page 1385, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42710
• Dae Jaweon: page 1899, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4325, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9769

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		革

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gé, jí, jǐ (ge², ji², ji³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ, ㄐㄧˊ, ㄐㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaak³, gaap³, gik¹
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): kak, kiet
• Min Nan (POJ): kek

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: gé
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ko²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
    • IPA ^(key): /kɤ³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jí
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
    • Wade-Giles: chih²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
    • Wade-Giles: chih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaak³, gaap³, gik¹
    • Yale: gaak, gaap, gīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaak⁸, gaap⁸, gik⁷
    • IPA ^(key): /kɑːk̚³/, /kɑːp̚³/, /kɪk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kak, kiet
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
    • Tâi-lô: kik
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɪk̚³²/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (革, reconstructed)
Character (革), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 麥 Division: II			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 古核切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kɣɛk̚/	/kæk̚/	/kɛk̚/	/kɯæk̚/	/kəɨjk̚/	/kæk̚/	/kɐk̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (革, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
革								gé								‹ kɛk ›								/*kˤrək/								hide, skin
革								gé								‹ kɛk ›								/*kˤrək/								change (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
革					3835					革					職					0					隔					/*krɯːɡ/

Compounds

• 革出
• 革除
• 革故鼎新
• 革胡
• 革履
• 革面洗心
• 革命
• 革命家
• 革命浪漫主义
• 革命委员会
• 革命现实主义
• 革囊
• 革新
• 革职
• 改革

References

• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

革

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. leather
2. become serious
3. skin
4. hide
5. pelt

Readings

• Goon: きゃく (kyaku)
• Kan’on: かく (kaku)
• Kun: かわ (kawa), あらたまる (aratamaru), あらためる (aratameru)

Compounds

革易 革新

革正 革弊

革命 革面

改革

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Korean

Hanja

革 (hyeok, geuk) (hangeul 혁, 극, revised hyeok, geuk, McCune-Reischauer hyŏk, kŭk, Yale hyek, kuk)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

革 (cách, rắc)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.