食

See also 飠, 饣, and 良

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Alternative forms

• 𠊊
• trad. 飠, simpl. 饣 (when used as a left Chinese radical)

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): phonetic 亼 + semantic 皀; see 𠊊.

Pictogram (象形): a mouth over a bowl of rice on a stand. While the current form is 人+良, the lower part (bowl of rice on a stand) is cognate to 皀, not to 良 or 艮. This is more visible in the form 𠊊.

Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Han character

食 (radical 184 食+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人戈日女 (OIAV), four-corner 8073₂)

1. eat
2. meal
3. food
4. KangXi radical number 184

See also

• 喫, 吃
• 召
• 頂
• 良

Derived terms

• Index:Chinese radical/食

References

• KangXi: page 1415, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44014
• Dae Jaweon: page 1939, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4440, character 1
• Unihan data for U+98DF

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Cantonese

Hanzi

食 (jyutping sik6, zi6, ji6, Yale sik6, ji6, yi6)

Verb

食 (traditional and simplified, Jyutping sik6, Yale sik6)

1. to eat

   中國人係揸筷子食飯嘅。

   Yale: jung1-gwok3-yan4 hai6 jaa1 faai3-ji2 sik6-faan6 ge3

   Jyutping: zung1-gwok3-jan4 hai6 zaa1 faai3-zi2 sik6-faan6 ge3

   Chinese people use chopsticks to eat with.

   上星期日我同啲朋友一齊食晚飯。

   Yale: seung6 sing1-kei4-yat6 ngo5 tung4 di1 pang4-yau5 yat1-chai4 sik6 maan5-faan6

   Jyutping: soeng6 sing1-kei4-jat6 ngo5 tung4 di1 pang4-jau5 jat1-cai4 sik6 maan5-faan6

   Last Sunday, I ate dinner together with my friends.

   你食咗飯未呀？

   Yale: nei5 sik6-jo2 faan6 mei6 aa3

   Jyutping: nei5 sik6-zo2 faan6 mei6 aa3

   Have you eaten yet?

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Hakka

Hanzi

食 (POJ shi̍t, Guangdong shit⁸, se⁵ [Meixian], s'it⁸, sii⁶ [Hailu], sii⁵, siit⁸ [Siyan], sit⁸ [Bao'an, Dongguan, Hong Kong], s'it⁸, sii⁵ [Kwangtung], Hagfa Pinyim sid6)

References

• CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)
• Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
• Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Unbound apophonic form uke.

Noun

食 (hiragana うか, romaji uka)

1. food
2. grain

Etymology 2

uka + i > uke₂ > uke. Bound apophonic form uka.

Noun

食 (hiragana うけ, romaji uke)

1. food

Etymology 3

Cognate with ke.

Noun

食 (hiragana け, romaji ke)

1. food

Noun

食 (hiragana し, romaji shi)

1. food

Noun

食 (hiragana しょく, romaji shoku)

1. a meal
2. foodstuff
3. an eclipse

Kanji

食 (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: しょく (shoku), し (shi), じき (jiki)
• Kun: くう (食う kuu), くらう (食らう kurau), たべる (食べる taberu), はむ (食む hamu), すく (食く suku), おし (食し oshi), おす (食す osu), たぐ (食ぐ tagu), たぶ (食ぶ tabu), うか (食 uka), うけ (食 uke), け (食 ke), し (食 shi)

Compounds

食塩 食事 食餌 食卓 食中毒 食道 食堂 食費

食品 食物 (しょくもつ) 食べ物 軽食 日食 月食 気に食わない/気にくわない (きにくわない, ki ni kuwanai) 皆既食

食尽 食欲 侵食 浸食 腐食

Usage notes

When combining, appears in simplified form 飠, as in 飲, but in isolation is not simplified.　Can also appear in alternative form as in 餡.

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Korean

Hanja

食
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 식 (revised: sik, McCune-Reischauer: sik, Yale: sik)

• Name (hangeul): 식()

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Mandarin

Hanzi

食 (pinyin shí (shi2), Wade-Giles shih²)

食 (pinyin sì (si4), Wade-Giles si⁴) (to feed)

食 (pinyin yì (yi4), Wade-Giles i⁴) (in certain proper names, e.g. 郦食其)

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Middle Chinese

Han character

食 (*jhiək)

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Min Nan

Verb

食 (traditional and simplified, POJ chhia̍h)

1. to eat

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Vietnamese

Han character

食 (thực, tự)