飯

See also: 饭

Translingual

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 反

Han character

飯 (radical 184 食+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE), four-corner 8174₇, composition ⿰食反)

References

• KangXi: page 1417, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
• Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4444, character 5
• Unihan data for U+98EF

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Chinese

		-
trad.		飯
simp.		饭

Etymology

Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ (“cooked rice”), whence Mon ပုၚ် (pɜŋ, “cooked rice”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁶
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): fan
• Min Dong (BUC): buông/huáng
• Min Nan (POJ): pn̄g / pūiⁿ / hōan
• Wu (WT Romanisation): ve (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Wade-Giles: fan⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • IPA ^(key): /fa̠n⁵¹/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: faan⁶
    • Yale: faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /fɑːn²²/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
    • IPA (Siyen, incl. Miaoli): /fan⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: buông/huáng
    • IPA ^(key): /puɔŋ²⁴²/, /huɑŋ²¹³/
  • Note: buông - colloquial; huáng - literary.
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pn̄g / pūiⁿ / hōan
    • Tâi-lô: pn̄g / puīnn / huān
    • IPA (Taipei): /pŋ̍³³/, /puĩ³³/, /huan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pŋ̍²²/, /puĩ²²/, /huan²²/
  • Note: pn̄g/pūiⁿ - colloquial; huān - literary.
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: ve (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /v̻ᴇ²³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (飯, reconstructed)
Character (飯), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 並 (3) Final: 元 Division: III			Openness: Closed Tone: Rising (X)			Fanqie: 扶晚切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/bʉɐnX/	/bʱi̯wɐnX/	/biuɐnX/	/bʷiɐnX/	/buanX/	/bĭwɐnX/	/biuɐnX/
Character (飯), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 並 (3) Final: 元 Division: III			Openness: Closed Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 符万切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/bʉɐnH/	/bʱi̯wɐnH/	/biuɐnH/	/bʷiɐnH/	/buanH/	/bĭwɐnH/	/biuɐnH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (飯, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
飯								fàn								‹ bjonX ›								/*bo[n]ʔ/								eat
飯								fàn								‹ bjonH ›								/*bo[n]ʔ-s/								cooked rice or millet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
飯					2976					反					元					3					飯					/*bonʔ/
飯					2977					反					元					3					飯					/*bons/

Noun

飯 (classifier 頓／顿)

1. cooked rice
2. food
3. meal

Compounds

Derived terms

飯菜 飯鏟 飯單 飯店, 飯店兒 飯館, 飯館兒 飯鍋 飯盒, 飯盒兒 飯局 飯來張口，衣來伸手 飯粒, 飯粒兒 飯量 飯門, 飯門兒 飯囊 飯票, 飯票兒 飯鋪, 飯鋪兒 飯糗如草 飯勺 飯時 飯食, 飯食兒 飯攤, 飯攤兒 飯堂 飯廳 飯桶 飯碗 飯轍 飯莊 飯桌, 飯桌兒 飯座兒

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Japanese

Kanji

飯

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

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Readings

• Goon: ぼん (bon)
• Kan’on: はん (han)
• Kun: めし (meshi)
• Nanori: いい (ii)

Compounds

Derived terms

炊飯 (すいはん, suihan) 御飯 (ごはん, gohan) 朝御飯 (あさごはん, asagohan) 昼御飯 (ひるごはん, hirugohan) 夕御飯 (ゆうごはん, yūgohan) 飯村 (いいむら, Īmura) 飯島 (いいじま, Ījima) 飯山 (いいやま, Īyama) 飯窪 (いいくぼ, Īkubo)

Kanji in this term

飯

めし Grade: 4

kun'yomi

Noun

飯 (hiragana めし, romaji meshi)

1. cooked rice
2. (informal) meal

   飯 (めし)を食 (く)う

   meshi o kuu

   eat a meal

Usage notes

This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食 (く)う (kuu) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat."

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Korean

Hanja

飯 (ban) (hangeul 반, McCune-Reischauer pan, Yale pan)

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Compounds

• 飯饌 (반찬, banchan or panchan)

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Vietnamese

Han character

飯 (phạn)

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