鱷
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
鱷 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+16, 27 strokes, cangjie input 弓火一土口 (NFMGR), four-corner 26327, composition ⿰魚噩)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1480, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46597
- Dae Jaweon: page 2012, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4720, character 10
- Unihan data for U+9C77
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 鱷/鰐 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 鳄 | |
nonstandard simp. | 𱈚 | |
alternative forms | 𧊜 𩻙 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
斥 | *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ |
訴 | *sŋaːɡs |
泝 | *sŋaːɡs |
愬 | *sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ |
遡 | *sŋaːɡs |
塑 | *sŋaːɡs |
溯 | *sŋaːɡs |
遻 | *ŋaːɡs |
柝 | *tŋ̊ʰaːɡ |
鶚 | *ŋaːɡ |
諤 | *ŋaːɡ |
齶 | *ŋaːɡ |
鍔 | *ŋaːɡ |
遌 | *ŋaːɡ |
崿 | *ŋaːɡ |
偔 | *ŋaːɡ |
堮 | *ŋaːɡ |
湂 | *ŋaːɡ |
鱷 | *ŋaːɡ |
噩 | *ŋaːɡ |
咢 | *ŋaːɡ |
鑩 | *ŋaːɡ |
鄂 | *ŋaːɡ |
鰐 | *ŋaːɡ |
萼 | *ŋaːɡ |
愕 | *ŋaːɡ |
顎 | *ŋaːɡ |
朔 | *sŋraːɡ |
槊 | *sraːwɢ |
蒴 | *sraːwɢ |
坼 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
拆 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
逆 | *ŋraɡ |
屰 | *ŋraɡ |
縌 | *ŋraɡ |
蝷 | *reːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ŋaːɡ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ).
Etymology[edit]
Within Chinese, Carr (1990) relates it to:
- 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “to beat the drum”), either because drumming was associated with dragons or because some drums were made of crocodilian skins (Schuessler, 2007).
- Words for “fear”, e.g. 愕 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “startled; terrified”), 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “frightening; startling”).
Outside of Chinese, Carr (1990) also relates it to:
- Proto-Tai *ŋwak (“mythical water creature”) (reconstruction from Chamberlain, 1977), which Pittayaporn (2009-2010), reconstructing the root as *ŋɯəkᴰ (“crocodile”), holds to be a loan from Chinese.
- Proto-Austro-Tai *(m)baŋiwak (“shark; crocodile”), posited by Paul K. Benedict and proposed by him to give rise to the Tai word, as well as Japanese 鰐 (wani, “crocodilian; shark”), 魚 (uo, “fish”).
Vovin (2021) notes that 鱷 (OC *ŋâk ~ *ŋɑk) "aquatic reptile, saltwater crocodile" was attested late, for the first time in Shuowen as 𧊜 (è); and that "it would be very weird if the word for a ‘saltwater crocodile’ from the middle of Huang-he (黃河) river basin that lies quite far away from both tropics and the sea would be borrowed by Tai languages in Southern China". Therefore, Vovin contends that, instead, 鱷 (OC *ŋâk ~ *ŋɑk) had been borrowed into Later Han Chinese from Tai.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
鱷
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- →? Proto-Tai: *ŋɯəkᴰ (“crocodile”)
References[edit]
Japanese[edit]
鰐 | |
鱷 |
Kanji[edit]
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鰐)
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Readings[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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