犬
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[edit] Translingual
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[edit] Alternative forms
- 犭 (when used as a left Chinese radical)
Although the alternative form clearly shows only three strokes, it is still counted as four strokes when using a Chinese dictionary. Compare 氵 from 水 (“water”), 扌 from 手 (“hand”), and 忄 from 心 (“heart”), all of which are a 3-stroke form from a 4-stroke character.
[edit] Etymology
Pictogram (象形) – the dot is the ear. In the form 犭, a dog that is up on its hind legs.
The character is considered a rather abstract rendition – Confucius is quoted as saying “The ancients must have had very strange looking dogs” (500 BCE).[1]
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| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
[edit] Han character
犬 (radical 94 犬+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈大 (IK), four-corner 43030, composition ⿻大丶)
- dog
- radical number 94
[edit] Usage notes
犬 is the 94th radical in the Chinese dictionary. Compound characters such as 狇 mostly use the alternative form at the left of the character. Most represent something to do with dogs or other animals. A smaller proportion (e. g. 狀) use the primary form at the right of the character. A few even show both forms: in 獄 which means "prison" or "litigation"; "words" (言) stand between two dogs to keep them from biting each other.
[edit] Synonyms
[edit] Derived characters
[edit] References
- KangXi: page 705, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20234
- Dae Jaweon: page 1118, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1331, character 1
- Unihan data for U+72AC
[edit] Usage notes
- ^ Richard Sears. "Chinese Etymology: Primitives and Remnants". URL accessed on 2008-08-14.
[edit] Cantonese
[edit] Hanzi
犬 (Yale hyun2)
[edit] Japanese
[edit] Kanji
- dog
- dog radical (いぬ)
[edit] Readings
[edit] Synonyms
[edit] Compounds
[edit] Noun
犬 (counter 匹, hiragana いぬ, katakana イヌ, romaji inu)
[edit] Alternative forms
[edit] Korean
[edit] Hanja
犬
Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 견 (revised: gyeon, McCune-Reischauer: kyŏn, Yale: kyen)
- Name (hangeul): 개 견()
[edit] Synonyms
- 개 (gae)
[edit] Derived terms
- 犬公 (견공, gyeongong) (personification)
- 犬馬 (견마, gyeonma) dog and horse
- 犬儒 (견유, gyeonyu) cynic
- 犬猿 (견원, gyeonwon) dog and monkey
- 猛犬 (맹견, maenggyeon) fierce dog
- 愛犬 (애견, aegyeon) pet dog
- 鬪犬 (투견, tugyeon) fighting dog
[edit] Mandarin
[edit] Pronunciation
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Audio (file)
[edit] Hanzi
犬 (pinyin quǎn (quan3), Wade-Giles ch'üan3, Yale chwan)
[edit] Usage notes
Commonly found in some terms, and not to be used alone. For example, 1. 鬆獅犬/松狮犬 (literal meaning: loose-lion-dog)- chow chow 2. 狂犬病(literal meaning: mad-dog-disease)- rabies 3. 警犬- police dog 4. (Incorrect use): 我養了三隻犬。I have three dogs. (correct use): 我養了三隻狗。
- Example Words:
- 鷹犬 (yīng quǎn) "dogs that hunt eagle"
- 警犬 (jǐng quǎn) "police dog"
- 黃犬音 (huáng quǎn yīn) "news"
- 犬齒 (quǎn chǐ) "canine tooth", a.k.a. 犬牙 (quǎn yá) or 虎牙 (hǔ yá)
[edit] Min Dong
[edit] Noun
犬
- a dog
[edit] Vietnamese
[edit] Han character
[edit] Wu
[edit] Han character
犬
- Shanghainese: chioe
- Jiading dialect: chioe
- Jiading dialect (Huading): chioe
- Suzhou dialect: chioe
- Wuxi dialect: chio
- Wuxi dialect (Old pronunciation): chioe
- Hangzhou dialect: chiuo
- Taizhou dialect (Wenling): khioe
- Taizhou dialect (Linghai): khioe
- Quzhou dialect: choe
- Jiangyin dialect: chioe
- Jiangyin dialect (Yuecheng): chioe
- Changzhou dialect: chioe
- Ningbo dialect: chioe, chiu
- Shaoxing dialect: chioen
- Wenzhou dialect: chiu
[edit] Noun
犬
- a dog (archaic in most Wu dialects)
