-cus

See also: cus, CUs, cuś, and čus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *-kos, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos. Cognate with Ancient Greek -κός (-kós), Proto-Germanic *-gaz, Sanskrit -शस (-śasa) and Proto-Slavic *-kъ.

PIE *-ko- on noun stems carried the meaning 'characteristic of, like, typical, pertaining to', and on adjectival stems it acted emphatically.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kus/, [kʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kus/, [kus]

Suffix

-cus (feminine -ca, neuter -cum); first/second-declension suffix

1. suffixed to nouns, forms adjectives

   juvenis + -cus → juvencus

   Mārs + -cus → Mār(t)cus

   ravis + -cus → raucus

This suffix survives in inherited forms and became productive through its derivations (cf. infra) by metanalysis.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	-cus	-ca	-cum		-cī	-cae	-ca
Genitive	-cī	-cae	-cī		-cōrum	-cārum	-cōrum
Dative	-cō		-cō		-cīs
Accusative	-cum	-cam	-cum		-cōs	-cās	-ca
Ablative	-cō	-cā	-cō		-cīs
Vocative	-ce	-ca	-cum		-cī	-cae	-ca

Derived terms

• -icus
  • -ticus
    • -āticus
• -īcus
  • -īcius

Latin terms suffixed with -cus

References

• “-cus” on page 478/2 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)