-ve

See also Appendix:Variations of "ve"

English

Etymology

Abbreviation

Adjective

-ve

1. (mathematics) negative

Antonyms

• +ve

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA: /vɛ/

Suffix

-ve

1. Added to a verb to form an adverbial participle. Its nearest English equivalent is the -ing form functioning as a participle (rather than a noun).

   késik (“to be late”) → Késve jött. - He arrived late.

Usage notes

Member of the -va/-ve suffix cluster.

• -va is added to back vowel verbs
• -ve is added to front vowel verbs

See also

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

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Latin

Etymology

Confer Sanskrit vā and Ancient Greek ἤ (from Proto-Greek *ē-we).

Suffix

-ve

1. (always enclitic) or, leaving the choice free between two things or among several
   • c.195-159 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus, 2.13

     Quid tu es tristis? Quidve es alacris? Unde is?

     Why are you out of spirits or why are you in such a hurry? Whence come you?

   • c. 44-43 BCE, Cicero, Philippicae, 14.6.16

     Post hanc habitam contionem duabus tribusve horis optatissimi nuntii et litterae venerunt.

     After this assembly was over, within two or three hours, these most welcome messengers and letters arrived.

2. (especially in negative sentences or questions implying a negative sentence) and, with the same meaning as -que
   • c. 44-43 BCE, Cicero, Philippicae, 5.5.13

     Num, quod maximum est, leges nostras moresve novit, num denique homines?

     Does he—which is most important—does he know any thing about our laws and manners? Is he even acquainted with any of the citizens?

3. (poetic, repeated or with correlative part) either...or
   • 8 AD, Ovid, Metamorphoses, 15.215

     Nostra quoque ipsorum semper requieque sine ulla / corpora vertuntur, nec quod fuimusve sumusve / cras erimus;

     And our bodies themselves are always, restlessly, changing: we shall not be, tomorrow, either what we were, or what we are.

See also

• -que
• -ne