Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bikjǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bikjaną (“to thrust, attack”) (compare Old Norse bikkja (“plunge into water”), Dutch bikken (“to hack”), Old High German bicchen (“to stab, attack”), Old English becca (“a beck, pick, pick-axe, mattock”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to smash”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbik.jɔ̃ː/

Noun

*bikjǭ f

1. female dog, bitch

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *bikjǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*bikjǭ	*bikjōniz
vocative	*bikjǭ	*bikjōniz
accusative	*bikjōnų	*bikjōnunz
genitive	*bikjōniz	*bikjōnǫ̂
dative	*bikjōni	*bikjōmaz
instrumental	*bikjōnē	*bikjōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *bikkjā
  • Old English: biċċe, biċe, biċġe
    • Middle English: bicche, beche, biche, bycche, byche, bikk, buche
      • English: bitch
        • → Dutch: bitch
        • →? German: Betze, Bätze, Petze
        • → French: bitch
      • Scots: bitch
    • → Old French: biche (Anglo-Norman)
      • ⇒ Middle French: bichon
        • French: bichon
          • → English: bichon
• Old Norse: bikkja f, bikki m
  • Icelandic: bikkja
  • Faroese: bikkja
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bikkje
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bikkje
  • Old Swedish: bikia
    • Swedish: bycka
    • >? Swedish: -bigga in argbigga
  • Old Danish: bikke
  • → Scots: bik