Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frawardijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *frawerþaną +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɸrɑ.ˈwɑr.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*frawardijaną

1. to destroy

Inflection

Conjugation of *frawardijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*frawardijō	*frawardijaų	—	*frawardijai	?
2nd singular	*frawardīsi	*frawardijais	*frawardī	*frawardijasai	*frawardijaisau
3rd singular	*frawardīþi	*frawardijai	*frawardijaþau	*frawardijaþai	*frawardijaiþau
1st dual	*frawardijōs	*frawardijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*frawardijaþiz	*frawardijaiþiz	*frawardijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*frawardijamaz	*frawardijaim	—	*frawardijanþai	*frawardijainþau
2nd plural	*frawardīþ	*frawardijaiþ	*frawardīþ	*frawardijanþai	*frawardijainþau
3rd plural	*frawardijanþi	*frawardijain	*frawardijanþau	*frawardijanþai	*frawardijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*frawardidǭ	*frawardidēdį̄
2nd singular	*frawardidēz	*frawardidēdīz
3rd singular	*frawardidē	*frawardidēdī
1st dual	*frawardidēdū	*frawardidēdīw
2nd dual	*frawardidēdudiz	*frawardidēdīdiz
1st plural	*frawardidēdum	*frawardidēdīm
2nd plural	*frawardidēdud	*frawardidēdīd
3rd plural	*frawardidēdun	*frawardidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*frawardijandz	*frawardidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *frawardijan
  • Old English: forwierdan
  • Old Dutch: farwerden
    • Middle Dutch: verwerden
  • Old High German: farwerten
• Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (frawardjan)