Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wēpną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly cognate with Tocharian B yepe (knife). If so, both may derive from a Proto-Indo-European form such as *wēbnom or *wēben.

Noun

*wēpną n

1. weapon

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *wēpną (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*wēpną	*wēpnō
vocative	*wēpną	*wēpnō
accusative	*wēpną	*wēpnō
genitive	*wēpnas, *wēpnis	*wēpnǫ̂
dative	*wēpnai	*wēpnamaz
instrumental	*wēpnō	*wēpnamiz

Derived terms

• *wēpnijaną
• *wēpnōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *wāpn
  • Old English: wǣpn, wǣpen
    • Middle English: wæpenn, wepen
      • English: weapon
      • Scots: weipen, weapoun, weapon
  • Old Frisian: *wāpin, wēpin
    • Saterland Frisian: Woapen
    • West Frisian: wapen
  • Old Saxon: wāpan
    • Middle Low German: wāpen
      • German Low German: Wapen, Wopen
      • → Middle High German: wāpen
        • German: Wappen
  • Old Dutch: wāpan
    • Middle Dutch: wapen
      • Dutch: wapen
  • Old High German: wāfan
    • Middle High German: wāfen, wapen
      • Alemannic German: Waaffe
      • German: Waffe
        • → German Low German: Waffe
      • Yiddish: וואָפֿן (vofn)
• Old Norse: vápn
  • Icelandic: vopn, vokn
  • Faroese: vápn, vákn
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: våpn, våpen, ⇒ våknhus, våkenhus
  • Elfdalian: wapen, waken-
  • Old Swedish: vapn, vakn
    • Swedish: vapen, vaken-, vång-
    • → Finnish: vaakuna
  • Old Danish: wāpn, wākn
    • Scanian: vaben
    • Danish: våben
      • Norwegian Bokmål: våpen
  • Old Gutnish: vapn
    • Gutnish: vapen
  • → Middle English: wapen, wopen
    • Scots: wapyn, wappen
• Gothic: 𐍅𐌴𐍀𐌽 (wēpn)