Appendix:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
(Redirected from Appendix:Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-)
Contents |
[edit] Proto-Indo-European
[edit] Verb
*h₁es-
- to be
[edit] Conjugation
Traditional conservative Cowgill-Rix-style reconstruction, active root-present only:
| Conjugation of *h₁es- | Present indicative | Imperfect indicative | Subjunctive | Optative | Imperative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | 1st | *h₁ésmi | *h₁ésm̥ | *h₁ésoh₂ | *h₁siéh₁m | - |
| 2nd | *h₁ési | *h₁és | *h₁ésesi | *h₁siéh₁s | *h₁és, *h₁sdʰí | |
| 3rd | *h₁ésti | *h₁ést | *h₁éseti | *h₁siéh₁t | *h₁éstu | |
| Dual | 1st | *h₁suós | *h₁sué | *h₁ésowos | *h₁sih₁wé | - |
| 2nd | *h₁stés | *h₁stóm | *h₁ésetes | *h₁sih₁tóm | *h₁stóm | |
| 3rd | *h₁stés | *h₁stām | *h₁ésetes | *h₁sih₁tām | *h₁stām | |
| Plural | 1st | *h₁sm̥ós | *h₁sm̥é | *h₁ésomos | *h₁sih₁mé | - |
| 2nd | *h₁sté | *h₁sté | *h₁ésete | *h₁sih₁té | *h₁sté | |
| 3rd | *h₁sénti | *h₁sénd | *h₁ésonti | *h₁sih₁énd | *h₁séntu | |
Participle: *h₁sónts (gen. *h₁sn̥tés); fem. *h₁sóntih₂ (gen. *h₁sn̥tyéh₂s)
[edit] Descendants
- Armenian:
- Baltic:
- Germanic: *wesaną (only the forms without w- or b- descend from this root)
- Greek: *es-
- Ancient Greek: εἰμί (< *εσμί)
- Indo-Iranian: *es- "to be"
- Italic:
- Slavic:
