Appendix:Tahitian Swadesh list
Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary
This is an Swadesh list of words in English and Tahitian.
Contents |
[edit] Presentation
- For further information, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list
The Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist Morris Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language. Various versions have been created, in particular:
- a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
- a reduced 100 words version.
This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikitravel lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetics basis.
[edit] List
| No. | English | Tahitian reo tahiti |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | au, vau |
| 2 | you (singular) | 'oe |
| 3 | he | 'oia, 'ōna |
| 4 | we | tātou (inclusive), mātou (exclusive) |
| 5 | you (plural) | 'outou |
| 6 | they | rātou |
| 7 | this | teie |
| 8 | that | terā |
| 9 | here | iho nei |
| 10 | there | iho na |
| 11 | who | vai (interrogative) |
| 12 | what | aha (interrogative) |
| 13 | where | teihea (no movement, interrogative) |
| 14 | when | ahea (interrogative) |
| 15 | how | nāhea (interrogative) |
| 16 | not | 'eiaha |
| 17 | all | ana'e |
| 18 | many | rahi |
| 19 | some | nau, tau |
| 20 | few | ma'a |
| 21 | other | 'ē |
| 22 | one | hō'ē |
| 23 | two | piti |
| 24 | three | toru |
| 25 | four | maha |
| 26 | five | pae |
| 27 | big | rahi |
| 28 | long | roa |
| 29 | wide | 'ā'ano |
| 30 | thick | me'ume'u |
| 31 | heavy | teiaha, taimaha |
| 32 | small | iti |
| 33 | short | poto |
| 34 | narrow | oaoa |
| 35 | thin | rairai |
| 36 | woman | vahine |
| 37 | man (adult male) | tāne |
| 38 | man (human being) | ta'ata |
| 39 | child | tamari'i |
| 40 | wife | vahine fa'aipoipo |
| 41 | husband | tane fa'aipoipo |
| 42 | mother | metua vahine |
| 43 | father | metua tane |
| 44 | animal | manu, 'ānimara |
| 45 | fish | i'a |
| 46 | bird | manu |
| 47 | dog | 'ūrī |
| 48 | louse | 'utu |
| 49 | snake | 'ōfī |
| 50 | worm | to'e, tu'a |
| 51 | tree | rā'au |
| 52 | forest | aru |
| 53 | stick | rā'au, mauha'a |
| 54 | fruit | mā'a |
| 55 | seed | huero |
| 56 | leaf | rao'ere |
| 57 | root | a'a |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | pa'a, 'iri |
| 59 | flower | tiare, pua |
| 60 | grass | matie, 'aihere |
| 61 | rope | taura |
| 62 | skin | 'iri |
| 63 | meat | ina'i |
| 64 | blood | toto |
| 65 | bone | ivi |
| 66 | fat (noun) | hinu |
| 67 | egg | huero |
| 68 | horn | tara |
| 69 | tail | 'aero, hi'u |
| 70 | feather | huruhuru, hetehete |
| 71 | hair | rouru |
| 72 | head | upo'o |
| 73 | ear | tari'a |
| 74 | eye | mata |
| 75 | nose | ihu |
| 76 | mouth | vaha |
| 77 | tooth | niho |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | arero |
| 79 | fingernail | mai'u'u |
| 80 | foot | 'āvae |
| 81 | leg | 'āvae |
| 82 | knee | turi |
| 83 | hand | rima |
| 84 | wing | pererau |
| 85 | belly | 'ōpū |
| 86 | guts | 'ā'au |
| 87 | neck | 'a'ī |
| 88 | back | tua |
| 89 | breast | 'ōuma |
| 90 | heart | māfatu |
| 91 | liver | 'ūpa'a |
| 92 | to drink | inu |
| 93 | to eat | 'amu |
| 94 | to bite | hōhoni |
| 95 | to suck | 'ote |
| 96 | to spit | tuha |
| 97 | to vomit | piha'e |
| 98 | to blow | pūhi, farara (wind) |
| 99 | to breathe | huti i te aho |
| 100 | to laugh | 'ata |
| 101 | to see | hi'o |
| 102 | to hear | fa'aro'o |
| 103 | to know | 'ite |
| 104 | to think | mana'o |
| 105 | to smell | hau'a |
| 106 | to fear | taiā, mata'u |
| 107 | to sleep | taoto |
| 108 | to live | ora |
| 109 | to die | pohe, mate |
| 110 | to kill | taparahi-pohe-roa, ha'apohe; tūpa'i (an animal) |
| 111 | to fight | taputō |
| 112 | to hunt | a'ua'u pua'a |
| 113 | to hit | taparahi |
| 114 | to cut | tāpū |
| 115 | to split | tuha, vāhi |
| 116 | to stab | patia |
| 117 | to scratch | pāra'u |
| 118 | to dig | pao, tūpā, 'ō |
| 119 | to swim | 'au |
| 120 | to fly | ma'ue |
| 121 | to walk | haere |
| 122 | to come | haere mai |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | tārava (state) |
| 124 | to sit | pārahi (action, state) |
| 125 | to stand | 'oti'ati'a (action) |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | tīoi |
| 127 | to fall | topa |
| 128 | to give | hōro'a |
| 129 | to hold | mau |
| 130 | to squeeze | tāmau |
| 131 | to rub | 'ū'ui, 'ui'ui |
| 132 | to wash | horoi |
| 133 | to wipe | horoi |
| 134 | to pull | 'ume |
| 135 | to push | tura'i |
| 136 | to throw | tāora |
| 137 | to tie | ruru, nati |
| 138 | to sew | au, nira |
| 139 | to count | nūmera |
| 140 | to say | 'ī |
| 141 | to sing | pehe, hīmene |
| 142 | to play | ha'uti |
| 143 | to float | |
| 144 | to flow | tahe |
| 145 | to freeze | faato'to'e roa |
| 146 | to swell | 'oru |
| 147 | sun | mahāna |
| 148 | moon | 'āva'e, marama |
| 149 | star | feti'a |
| 150 | water | vai |
| 151 | rain | ua |
| 152 | river | 'ānāvai, tahora |
| 153 | lake | roto |
| 154 | sea | miti |
| 155 | salt | miti |
| 156 | stone | 'ōfa'i |
| 157 | sand | one |
| 158 | dust | repo, one |
| 159 | earth | fenua |
| 160 | cloud | ata |
| 161 | fog | rūpehu |
| 162 | sky | ra'i |
| 163 | wind | mata'i |
| 164 | snow | hiona |
| 165 | ice | pape to'eto'e |
| 166 | smoke | auauahi |
| 167 | fire | auahi |
| 168 | ash | rehu auahi |
| 169 | to burn | 'ama |
| 170 | road | e'a tia, purumu |
| 171 | mountain | mou'a |
| 172 | red | 'ura |
| 173 | green | matie |
| 174 | yellow | re'are'a |
| 175 | white | 'uo'uo |
| 176 | black | 'ere'ere |
| 177 | night | ru'i, pō |
| 178 | day | mahana |
| 179 | year | matahiti |
| 180 | warm | māhanahana |
| 181 | cold | to'eto'e |
| 182 | full | api(a room), 'ī(belly) |
| 183 | new | 'āpī |
| 184 | old | tahito |
| 185 | good | maita'i |
| 186 | bad | 'ino |
| 187 | rotten | pē |
| 188 | dirty | repo |
| 189 | straight | 'āfaro, ti'a |
| 190 | round | menemene |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | 'ina |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | tūmū, mania |
| 193 | smooth | mānina |
| 194 | wet | rari |
| 195 | dry | marō |
| 196 | correct | ti'a |
| 197 | near | fatata |
| 198 | far | ātea |
| 199 | right | 'atau |
| 200 | left | 'aui |
| 201 | at | i |
| 202 | in | i roto, i |
| 203 | with | ma |
| 204 | and | e, ma |
| 205 | if | 'āhiri |
| 206 | because | nō te mea |
| 207 | name | i'oa |
- Orthography :
The orthography used in the list is the one recommended by the Tahitian Academy.
[edit] See also
[edit] Bibliography
- Les langages de l'humanité (Michel Malherbe), Robert Laffont, Paris 1995 - ISBN 2-221-05947-6
[edit] External links
- Tahitian dictionaries (Lexilogos)
- Lexique du tahitien contemporain : tahitien-français, français-tahitien (Yves Lemaître)
- Tahitian Academy (Fare Vāna'a)

