Cicero

See also: cicero, Ciceró, and Cícero

English

First-century C.E. bust of Cicero in the Capitoline Museums, Rome

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Cicerō, a cognomen in reference to warts (cicer (“chickpea”). The Latinate form, based on the nominative, displaced Middle English Ciceroun, based on the oblique stem.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪsəɹəʊ/, (Latinistic) /ˈkɪkɛɹəʊ/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪsəɹoʊ/, (Latinistic) /ˈkɪkɛɹoʊ/

Proper noun

Cicero (usually uncountable, plural Ciceros)

1. The Roman statesman and orator Mārcus Tullius Cicerō (106–43 BC).

   Synonym: Tully

   • 1880, Henry James Nicoll, “Miscellaneous”, in Great Scholars. Buchanan, Bentley, Porson, Parr and Others., Edinburgh: Macniven & Wallace, page 204:

     He is described as having spoken for nearly an hour with great confidence in a highly declamatory tone, and with studied action, impressing all present who had ever heard of Cicero or Hortensius with the belief that he had worked himself up into the notion of being one or both of them for the occasion.

2. A surname.
3. A number of places in the United States:
   1. A town in Cook County, Illinois.

      Former name: Hawthorne

   2. A town in Hamilton County, Indiana.
   3. An unincorporated community in Sumner County, Kansas.
   4. A town in Onondaga County, New York.
   5. An extinct town in Defiance County, Ohio.
   6. A town and unincorporated community in Outagamie County, Wisconsin.

Translations

Roman statesman and orator

• Arabic: شِيشِرُون m (šiširūn)
• Armenian: Կիկերոն (Kikeron)
• Azerbaijani:

  Abjad: سیسرون (sīsirōn)

  Roman: Siseron

• Belarusian: Цыцэро́н m (Cycerón)
• Bulgarian: Цицерон m (Ciceron)
• Catalan: Ciceró m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 西塞羅／西塞罗 (zh) (Xīsāiluó)

• Esperanto: Cicerono
• Finnish: Cicero
• French: Cicéron (fr) m
• Georgian: ციცერონი (ciceroni)
• German: Cicero (de) m
• Greek: Κικέρων (el) m (Kikéron)

  Ancient: Κικέρων m (Kikérōn)

• Hungarian: Cicero (hu)
• Italian: Cicerone (it) (Marco Tullio Cicerone)
• Japanese: キケロ (Kikero)
• Korean: 키케로 (Kikero)
• Latin: Cicerō (la) m
• Macedonian: Цицерон m (Ciceron), Кикерон m (Kikeron)
• Occitan: Ciceron m
• Ottoman Turkish: سیسەرون (sîserôn), چیچرون (çîçirôn), چیچەرو (çîçerô)
• Polish: Cyceron m
• Portuguese: Cícero (pt) m
• Romanian: Cicero
• Russian: Цицеро́н (ru) m (Cicerón)
• Sicilian: Ciciruni
• Spanish: Cicerón (es) m
• Ukrainian: Цицеро́н m (Cycerón)

Danish

Etymology

From Latin Cicerō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsisəʁo]

Proper noun

Cicero

1. Cicero

German

Etymology

From its use in publishing Pannartz and Sweynheim's 1468 edition of Cicero's Epistulae ad Familiares ("Letters to My Friends").

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

Cicero

1. (uncountable, printing, dated) cicero, the 5th of the 7 traditional German sizes of type, between Korpus and Mittel, standardized as 12 point.

Latin

Etymology

From cicer (“chickpea”) +‎ -ō (suffix forming cognomina), probably in reference to an ancestor’s warts (as none can be seen in any of his portrayals, all done during a time when it was commonplace for artists to sculpt their clients as they were).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈki.ke.roː/, [ˈkɪkɛroː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.t͡ʃe.ro/, [ˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃero]

Proper noun

Cicerō m sg (genitive Cicerōnis); third declension

1. The cognomen (final name) of Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman statesman, writer, and orator

Declension

Third-declension noun, singular only.

Case	Singular
Nominative	Cicerō
Genitive	Cicerōnis
Dative	Cicerōnī
Accusative	Cicerōnem
Ablative	Cicerōne
Vocative	Cicerō

Derived terms

• Cicerōniānus

Descendants

• Catalan: Ciceró
• French: Cicéron
• Greek: Κικέρων (Kikéron)
• Italian: Cicerone
• Portuguese: Cícero
• Sicilian: Ciciruni
• Spanish: Cicerón

References

• “Cicero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Cicero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.