Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lūtaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *lewd- (“to duck, crouch, feign, cringe, become small”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

*lūtaną[1][2]

  1. to bow down, lout

Inflection[edit]

Conjugation of *lūtaną (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lūtō *lūtaų — *lūtai ?
2nd singular *lūtizi *lūtaiz *lūt *lūtazai *lūtaizau
3rd singular *lūtidi *lūtai *lūtadau *lūtadai *lūtaidau
1st dual *lūtōz *lūtaiw — — —
2nd dual *lūtadiz *lūtaidiz *lūtadiz — —
1st plural *lūtamaz *lūtaim — *lūtandai *lūtaindau
2nd plural *lūtid *lūtaid *lūtid *lūtandai *lūtaindau
3rd plural *lūtandi *lūtain *lūtandau *lūtandai *lūtaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *laut *lutį̄
2nd singular *laust *lutīz
3rd singular *laut *lutī
1st dual *lutū *lutīw
2nd dual *lutudiz *lutīdiz
1st plural *lutum *lutīm
2nd plural *lutud *lutīd
3rd plural *lutun *lutīn
present past
participles *lūtandz *lutanaz

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Proto-West Germanic: *lūtan
    • Old English: lūtan
  • Old Norse: lúta

References[edit]

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*lūtan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 345
  2. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*lūtanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 252
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