Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ōyun

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Different sources give different etymologies:

1. Clauson suggets that it is from *ōy- (“to hollow”) +‎ *-un saying most Turkic games involved holes.
2. ESTJa and Räsänen suggest that it is from *oy- (“to jump”) +‎ *-un.
3. Nishanyan suggests a possible common root with *ōŕ- (“to win; to be saved”).

Noun

*ōyun

1. game

Declension

Declension of *ōyun

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*ōyun
Accusative	*ōyunnï, *ōyunug 4), *ōyunnïg 1)
Genitive	*ōyunnïŋ
Dative	*ōyunka
Locative	*ōyunta
Ablative	*ōyuntan
Allative	*ōyungaru
Instrumental 2)	*ōyunun
Equative 2)	*ōyunča
Similative 2)	*ōyunlayu
Comitative 2)	*ōyunlugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

• ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *ōyun-a- (“to play”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *ōyna-ĺ (“lovers”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Turkic: *ōyna-k (“plaything, moving thing”)

Descendants

• Oghur: *ōyug
  • Chuvash: вӑйӑ (văjă)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Azerbaijani: oyun
      • → Khalaj: oyın
    • Ottoman Turkish: اویون (oyun)
      • Turkish: oyun
      • Gagauz: oyun
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: oýun
• Karluk:
  • Uzbek: o'yin
  • Uyghur: ئويۇن (oyun)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: уйын (uyın)
    • Tatar: уен (uyen)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: oyun
    • Karachay-Balkar: оюн (oyun)
    • Kumyk: оюн (oyun)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Nogai: ойын (oyın)
    • Karakalpak: oyın
    • Kazakh: ойын (oiyn)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: оюн (oyun)
    • Southern Altai: ойын (oyïn)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur: wywn (oyun, “game, amusement”)
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: оонньуу (oonnyuu)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: оин (oin)
      • Tuvan: оюн (oyun)
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: ойын (oyın)
      • Shor: ойун (oyun)
    • Northern Altai: ойын (oyïn)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “oyun”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 274
• Tekin, Talât (1995) “ōyun”, in Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler [Primary Long Vowels in Turkic Languages] (Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları Dizisi; 13)‎^[1], Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, →ISBN, page 177
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 435
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 359
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*oj-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill