Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page MediaWiki 1.16alpha-wmf case-sensitive Media Special Talk User User talk Wiktionary Wiktionary talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Appendix Appendix talk Concordance Concordance talk Index Index talk Rhymes Rhymes talk Transwiki Transwiki talk Wikisaurus Wikisaurus talk WT WT talk Citations Citations talk 2858 6986702 2009-07-15T20:25:33Z Tbot 44393 updated t/t-/t+ templates, added t for bg {{also|Absolute}} ==English== {{wikipedia|dab=Absolute}} ===Etymology=== {{etyl|la}} {{term|absolutus||lang=la|unconditional}}, past participle of {{term|absolvere||lang=la|to loosen, to free, to complete}}. Compare French {{term|absolu||lang=fr}}. See [[absolve]]. ===Pronunciation=== * {{IPA|/ˈæbsəˌluːt/|/ˌæbsəˈluːt/}}, {{SAMPA|/"{bs@%lu:t/|/%{bs@"lu:t/}} * {{audio|en-us-absolute.ogg|Audio (US)}} * {{audio|en-uk-Absolute.ogg|Audio (UK)}} ===Adjective=== {{en-adj|'''more absolute''' or (''rarely'') [[absoluter]]|'''most absolute''' or (''rarely'') [[absolutest]]}} # Loosed from any [[limitation]] or [[condition]]; [[uncontrolled]]; [[unrestricted]]; [[unconditional]]; as, ''absolute'' [[authority]], [[monarchy]], [[sovereignty]], an ''absolute'' [[promise]] or [[command]]. #* '''1962''', Hannah Arendt, ''On Revolution'', (1990), page 155 #*: [T]he '''more absolute''' the ruler, the '''more absolute''' the revolution will be which replaces him. # [[complete|Complete]] in [[itself]]; [[perfect]]; [[consummate]]; [[faultless]]. #: ''absolute'' [[perfection]] #: ''absolute'' beauty #* So ''absolute'' she seems, And in herself complete. —[[w:John Milton|John Milton]] # Viewed apart from [[modifying]] influences or without comparison with other objects; actual; real; — opposed to ''relative'' and {{compar}}; as, ''absolute'' motion; ''absolute'' time or space. #: ''Absolute'' rights and duties are such as [[pertain]] to man in a state of nature as [[contradistinguished]] from ''relative'' rights and duties, or such as pertain to him in his social relations. # Loosed from, or [[unconnected]] by, [[dependence]] on any other being; [[self-existent]]; [[self-sufficing]]. #: '''''Note:''''' In this sense God is called ''the Absolute'' by the [[Theist]]. The term is also applied by the [[Pantheist]] to the [[universe]], or the total of all existence, as only capable of relations in its parts to each other and to the whole, and as dependent for its existence and its phenomena on its [[mutual]]ly [[depending]] forces and their laws. # Capable of being thought or [[conceived]] by itself alone; [[unconditioned]]; [[non-relative]]. #: '''''Note:''''' It is in dispute among [[philosopher]]s whether the term, in this sense, is not applied to a mere [[logical]] [[fiction]] or [[abstraction]], or whether ''the absolute'', as thus [[defined]], can be known, as a reality, by the human intellect. #* To Cusa we can indeed articulately trace, word and thing, the recent philosophy of ''the absolute''. —[[w:William Hamilton|William Hamilton]] # {{rare}} Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful. #* I am ''absolute'' ’t was very Cloten. —Shakespeare, ''Cymbeline, IV,ii'' # {{rare}} [[authoritative|Authoritative]]; [[peremptory]]. #* The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head, With ''absolute'' forefinger, brown and ringed. —[[w:Elizabeth Barrett Browning|Elizabeth Barrett Browning]] # {{chemistry}} Pure; [[unmixed]]; as, ''absolute'' alcohol. # {{grammar}} Not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence in government; as, the case ''absolute''. (See [[ablative absolute]].) ====Synonyms==== * [[positive]] * [[peremptory]] * [[certain]] * [[unconditional]] * [[unlimited]] * [[unrestricted]] * [[unqualified]] * [[arbitrary]] * [[despotic]] * [[autocratic]] * [[ultimate]] ====Derived terms==== {{rel-top3|Terms derived from "absolute"}} * [[ablative absolute]] * [[absolute curvature]] {{Geometry}} <!-- that [[curvature]] of a curve of double curvature, which is measured in the [[osculating]] plane of the curve. --> * [[absolute equation]] {{Astronomy}}<!-- the sum of the [[optic]] and [[eccentric]] [[equations]]. --> * [[absolute magnitude]] * [[absolute majority]] {{rel-mid3}} * [[absolute monarchy]] * [[absolute music]] {{Music}}<!-- music written for its own sake, with no direct reference to anything outside itself. It has no words and does not depict a story. --> * [[absolute pitch]] * [[absolute power]] * [[absolute space]] {{physics}}<!-- space considered without relation to material limits or objects. --> {{rel-mid3}} * [[absolute terms]] {{Algebra}}<!-- such as are known, or which do not contain the unknown quantity. --> * [[absolute temperature]] * [[absolute value]] * [[absolute zero]] {{rel-bottom}} ====Translations==== {{trans-top|loosed from any limitation or condition}} * Bulgarian: {{t|bg|безусловен|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Catalan]]: {{t-|ca|absolut|m}} * Czech: {{t-|cs|absolutní}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} {{trans-mid}} * Estonian: {{t-|et|vaba}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|ehdoton}}, {{t-|fi|rajoittamaton}}, {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}} * Greek: {{t|el|απόλυτος|m|tr=a'politos|sc=Grek}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|ceannasach|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|complete in itself}} * Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|пълен|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|bg|абсолютен|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Catalan]]: {{t-|ca|absolut|m}} * Czech: {{t-|cs|absolutní}} * Estonian: {{t|et|täielik}} {{trans-mid}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}, {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|совершенный|tr=sov'eršénnyj|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|iomlan|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|viewed apart from modifying influences or without comparison with other objects}} * Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|абсолютен|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Catalan]]: {{t-|ca|absolut|m}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}} {{trans-mid}} * Kurdish: *: Sorani: {{t|ku|ڕه‌به‌ق|tr=rrebeq|sc=ku-Arab}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|loosed from, or unconnected by, dependence on any other being}} * Bulgarian: [[ пълен]], [[неограничен]] * [[Catalan]]: {{t-|ca|absolut|m}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} {{trans-mid}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}}, {{t-|fi|riippumaton}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|capable of being thought or conceived by itself alone}} * Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|абсолютен|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Catalan]]: {{t-|ca|absolut|m}} * Czech: {{t-|cs|absolutní}} {{trans-mid}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|rare: positive; clear}} * Czech: {{t+|cs|jistý}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} {{trans-mid}} * Finnish: {{t-|fi|ehdottoman}} {{t+|fi|varma}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|cinnteach|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|rare: authoritative; peremptory}} * Bulgarian: {{t|bg|самовластен|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|chemistry: pure; unmixed}} * Bulgarian: {{t|bg|чист, без примес |sc=Cyrl}} * Czech: {{t-|cs|čistý}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} {{trans-mid}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}}, {{t+|fi|puhdas}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|dearbh|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|grammar: not immediately dependent on the other parts of the sentence in government}} * [[Catalan]]: {{t-|ca|absolut|m}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|absoluut}} {{trans-mid}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолютный|tr=absol'útnyj|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|обособленный|tr=obosóbl'ennyj|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|lethoireach|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} {{trans-bottom}} {{checktrans-top}} * {{ttbc|Chinese}}: [[绝对]] (juéduì) * {{ttbc|French}}: {{t+|fr|absolu}} * {{ttbc|German}}: {{t+|de|absolut}} * {{ttbc|Hebrew}}: [[מוחלט]] (mukhlat') {{m}}, [[מוחלטת]] (mukhlet'et) {{f}} * {{ttbc|Ido}}: [[absoluta]] * {{ttbc|Indonesian}}: [[mutlak]] * {{ttbc|Interlingua}}: absolute * {{ttbc|Italian}}: {{t+|it|assoluto}} {{trans-mid}} * {{ttbc|Japanese}}: [[絶対]] (ぜったい, zettai) * {{ttbc|Korean}}: [[무제한의]] (mujehan-ui) * {{ttbc|Norwegian}}: [[absolutt]] * {{ttbc|Novial}}: [[absoluti]] * {{ttbc|Portuguese}}: {{t+|pt|absoluto}} * {{ttbc|Spanish}}: {{t+|es|absoluto}} * {{ttbc|Swedish}}: [[absolut]] (1,3) * {{ttbc|Turkish}}: {{t+|tr|kesin}} * {{ttbc|Volapük}}: [[leverik]] {{trans-bottom}} ===Noun=== {{en-noun}} # That which is independent of context-dependent interpretation, inviolate, fundamental. #* ''moral '''absolutes''''' # {{geometry}} In a plane, the two imaginary circular points at [[infinity]]; in space of three [[dimensions]], the imaginary circle at infinity. ====Translations==== {{trans-top|that which is independent of context-dependent interpretation}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|absoluuttinen}} {{trans-mid}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|абсолют|m|cs=Cyrl|tr=absol'út|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|''(geometry)''}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{checktrans-top}} * {{ttbc|French}}: [[absolu]] {{m}} {{checktrans-mid}} * {{ttbc|Turkish}}: [[pozitif]] {{checktrans-bottom}} ===References=== * {{R:Webster 1913}} ---- ==Dutch== ===Adjective=== '''absolute''' # {{nl-adj-inflected|absoluut}} ---- ==Latin== ===Etymology=== From {{term|absolutus|absolūtus|complete, finished|lang=la}} ===Adverb=== {{la-adv|absolut|absolūt|e}} # [[absolutely]], [[completely]], [[fully]] ====Related terms==== * [[absolutus|absolūtus]] ===References=== * Charlton T. Lewis ('''1891''') ''An Elementary Latin Dictionary'', 1st edition. (Oxford University Press) [[ar:absolute]] [[be:absolute]] [[et:absolute]] [[el:absolute]] [[es:absolute]] [[fa:absolute]] [[fr:absolute]] [[gl:absolute]] [[io:absolute]] [[id:absolute]] [[it:absolute]] [[lo:absolute]] [[la:absolute]] [[lt:absolute]] [[hu:absolute]] [[ml:absolute]] [[nl:absolute]] [[pl:absolute]] [[pt:absolute]] [[ru:absolute]] [[simple:absolute]] [[fi:absolute]] [[sv:absolute]] [[ta:absolute]] [[te:absolute]] [[th:absolute]] [[chr:absolute]] [[tr:absolute]] [[uk:absolute]] [[vi:absolute]] [[vo:absolute]] [[zh:absolute]]