Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page MediaWiki 1.16alpha case-sensitive Media Special Talk User User talk Wiktionary Wiktionary talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Appendix Appendix talk Concordance Concordance talk Index Index talk Rhymes Rhymes talk Transwiki Transwiki talk Wikisaurus Wikisaurus talk WT WT talk Citations Citations talk 6728 6899421 2009-06-28T14:47:44Z DCDuring 43828 /* Adjective */ rft {{wikipedia|dab=lead (disambiguation)|lead}} ==English== {{rank|spite|built|lower|902|lead|wouldn't|success|instance}} {{elements|Pb|thallium|Tl|bismuth|Bi}} ===Etymology 1=== From {{etyl|ang}} {{term|lead|lēad|lang=ang}}, from {{proto|Germanic|loudhom|title=West Germanic}}, from a {{proto|Indo-European|plou(d)-|to flow}}. Cognate with Dutch {{term|lood|lang=nl}}, German {{term|Lot||plummet, sounding lead|lang=de}} Swedish {{term|lod|lang=sv}} and Danish {{term|lod|lang=da}}. ====Pronunciation==== * {{enPR|lĕd}}, {{IPA|/lɛd/}}, {{SAMPA|/lEd/}} * {{audio|en-us-lead-past.ogg|Audio (US)}} * {{homophones|led}} ====Noun==== {{wikipedia}} {{en-noun|s|-}} # {{uncountable|element}} A heavy, pliable, inelastic metal element, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished; both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic number 82, Atomic weight 206.4, Specific Gravity 11.37, Symbol Pb (from Latin ''[[plumbum]]''). # {{countable}} A plummet or mass of lead attached to a line, used in [[sounding]] depth at sea or {{dated}} to estimate velocity in [[knots]]. # A thin strip of type metal, used to separate lines of type in printing. # {{context|uncountable|typography}} Vertical space in advance of a row or between rows of text. Also known as ''[[leading]]''. #: ''This copy has too much lead; I prefer less space between the lines.'' # Sheets or plates of lead used as a covering for roofs. # {{context|plural '''leads'''}} A [[roof]] [[cover]]ed with lead [[sheet]]s or [[terne]] [[plate]]s. #:* I would have the tower two stories, and goodly leads upon the top. — [[w:Francis Bacon|Bacon]] # {{countable}} A thin [[cylinder]] of black lead or [[plumbago]] ([[graphite]]) used in [[pencil]]s. # {{idiom}} [[bullet]]s #: ''They filled him full of '''lead'''.'' =====Derived terms===== <!--Terms derived from the NOUN as defined above--> {{rel-top3|terms derived from the noun "lead"}} * [[arm the lead]] * [[acetate of lead]] * [[black lead]] * [[blue lead]] * [[cast the lead]], [[heave the lead]] * [[chromate of lead]] * [[coasting lead]] * [[cold lead]] * [[deep-sea lead]] * [[eka-lead]] * [[hand lead]] * [[lap in lead]] * [[lay in lead]] * [[lead accumulator]] * [[lead acetate]] * [[lead-acid battery]] * [[lead-arming]] * [[lead arsenate]] * [[lead-ash]], [[lead-ashes]] * [[lead-back]] * [[lead balloon]] * [[lead-bath]] * [[lead-blue]] * [[lead bronze]] * [[lead-brown]] * [[lead bullion]] * [[lead-burn]] * [[lead burning]] * [[lead carbonate]] * [[lead cell]] * [[lead chamber]] * [[lead chloride]] * [[lead colic]] * [[lead color]], [[lead colour]] * [[lead-colored]], [[lead-coloured]] * [[lead-comb]] * [[lead crystal]] {{rel-mid3}} * [[lead dichloride]] * [[lead dinitrate]] * [[lead dioxide]] * [[lead distemper]] * [[lead-eater]] * [[leaded]] * [[lead encephalopathy]] * [[lead-flat]] * [[lead-foot]] * [[lead-free]] * [[lead glance]] * [[lead glass]] * [[lead-glaze]] * [[lead-gray]], [[lead-grey]] * [[lead hydrogen arsenate]] * [[lead in one's pencil]] * [[lead iodide]] * [[lead-light]] * [[lead-like]] * [[lead line]] * [[lead-man]] * [[lead-marcasite]] * [[lead mill]] * [[lead-nail]] * [[lead nitrate]] * [[lead ocher]], [[lead ochre]] * [[lead oxide]] * [[lead paint]] * [[lead palsy]] * [[lead-paper]] * [[lead-papered]] * [[lead paralysis]] * [[lead pencil]] * [[lead plant]] * [[lead-plaster]] * [[lead peroxide]] * [[lead-pot]] {{rel-mid3}} * [[lead-poisoning]] * [[lead ratio]] * [[lead-reeve]] * [[lead selenide]] * [[lead-sinker]] * [[lead-soap]] * [[lead-spar]] * [[lead-sugar]] * [[lead sulfide]], [[lead sulphide]] * [[lead-swing]] * [[lead-swinger]] * [[lead-swinging]] * [[lead tetraethyl]] * [[lead tetroxide]] * [[lead-tin]] * [[lead-tree]] * [[lead vanadate]] * [[lead-vitriol]] * [[lead-wash]] * [[lead-water]] * [[lead wool]] * [[lead-work]] * [[lead-works]] * [[lead-wort]] * [[mock lead]] * [[pencil lead]] * [[red lead]] * [[red lead ore]] * [[sugar of lead]] * [[swing the lead]] * [[telluride of lead]] * [[tetraethyl lead]] * [[thorium lead]] * [[unleaded]] * [[uranium lead]] * [[uranium-lead dating]] * [[white lead]] {{rel-bottom}} <!-- * [[black lead]], ''(colloquial)'': graphite or plumbago — so called from its leadlike appearance and streak. * [[coasting lead]], a sounding lead intermediate in weight between a hand lead and deep-sea lead * [[deep-sea lead]], the heaviest of sounding leads, used in water exceeding a hundred [[fathom]]s in depth. — [[Hamersley, Naval Encyclopaedia]] * [[hand lead]]: a small lead use for sounding in shallow water. * [[Krems lead]], or '''Kremnitz lead''', [so called from Krems or Kremnitz, in Austria]: a pure variety of white lead, formed into tablets, and called also Krems, or Kremnitz, white, and Vienna white. * [[lead arming]]: tallow put in the hollow of a sounding lead. See '''To arm the lead''' (below). * [[lead colic]]: See under [[Colic]] * [[lead colour]]: a deep bluish gray color, like tarnished lead * [[lead glance]], ''(Mineralogy):'' Same as Galena * [[lead line]] *:: (a) ''(Medicine):'' A dark line along the gums produced by a deposit of metallic lead, due to lead poisoning. *:: (b) ''(Nautical):'' A sounding line * [[lead mill]]: a leaden polishing wheel, used by lapidaries * [[lead ocher]], ''(Mineralogy):'' a massive sulphur-yellow oxide of lead. Same as [[Massicot]] * [[lead pencil]], a pencil of which the marking material is graphite (black lead) * [[lead plant]], ''(Botany):'' a low, leguminous plant, ''Amorpha canescens'', found in the northwestern United States, where its presence is supposed to indicate lead ore. — [[w:|Asa Gray|Asa Gray]] * [[lead tree]]: *:: (a) ''(Botany):'' A West Indian name for the tropical leguminous tree, ''Leucæna glauca''; — probably so called from the glaucous color of the foliage. *:: (b) ''(Chemistry):'' Lead crystallized in arborescent forms from a solution of some lead salt, as by suspending a strip of zinc in lead acetate * [[mock lead]]: a miner’s term for [[blende]] * [[red lead]]: a scarlet, crystalline, granular powder, consisting of minium when pure, but commonly containing several of the oxides of lead. It is used as a paint or cement and also as an ingredient of flint glass * [[red lead ore]], ''(Mineralogy):'' [[crocoite]] * [[sugar of lead]], acetate of lead * To [[arm the lead]], to fill the hollow in the bottom of a sounding lead with tallow in order to discover the nature of the bottom by the substances adhering. — [[Hamersley, Naval Encyclopaedia]] * To cast, or heave, the lead: to cast the sounding lead for ascertaining the depth of water; or to cast the lead so that as it goes aft [[by the board]] the knots in the line can be counted to estimate the vessel's velocity. * [[white lead]], hydrated carbonate of lead, obtained as a white, amorphous powder, and much used as an ingredient of white paint. --> =====Translations===== {{trans-top|chemical element}} * [[Afrikaans]]: {{t+|af|lood|xs=Afrikaans}} * [[Alabama]]: [[ɬaki]] * Albanian: {{t-|sq|plumb|xs=Albanian}} * Arabic: {{t|ar|رصاص|m|tr=raʂá: ʂ|sc=Arab}} * Armenian: {{t-|hy|կապար|tr=kapar|sc=Hayeren|xs=Armenian}} * [[Basque]]: {{t-|eu|beruna|xs=Basque}} * Belarusian: {{t|be|цвінец|m|tr=tsvinéts|sc=Cyrl|xs=Belarusian}} * Bosnian: {{t-|bs|olovo}} * [[Breton]]: {{t|br|plom|m|xs=Breton}}, {{t|br|plomoù|p|xs=Breton}} * Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|олово|n|tr=olovo|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Campidanese Sardinian]]: {{tø|sc|prumu|m|xs=Sardinian}} * [[Catalan]]: {{t|ca|plom|m}} * Chinese: *: Mandarin: {{t-|cmn|鉛|sc=Hani|xs=Mandarin}}, {{t-|cmn|铅|tr=qiān|sc=Hani|xs=Mandarin}} *: Cantonese: {{tø|yue|鉛|sc=Hani|xs=Cantonese}} * [[Cornish]]: {{t|kw|plom|xs=Cornish}} * Croatian: {{t-|hr|olovo}} * Czech: {{t+|cs|olovo}} * Danish: {{t-|da|bly}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|lood|n}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|plumbo|xs=Esperanto}} * Estonian: {{t-|et|plii}} * Faroese: {{t|fo|blýggj|xs=Faroese}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|lyijy}} * French: {{t+|fr|plomb|m}} * [[Friulian]]: {{tø|fur|plomp|xs=Friulian}} * [[Galician]]: {{t+|gl|chumbo|xs=Galician}} * Georgian: {{t-|ka|ტყვია|tr=tqvia|xs=Georgian}} * German: {{t+|de|Blei|n}} * Greek: {{t+|el|μόλυβδος|m|tr=mólyvdos|sc=Grek}} * Hebrew: {{t+|he|עופרת|tr=‘oferet|sc=Hebr}} * Hungarian: {{t+|hu|ólom}} * Icelandic: {{t+|is|blý}} * Indonesian: {{t-|id|timbal|xs=Indonesian}} * Irish: {{t|ga|luaidhe|xs=Irish}} * Italian: {{t+|it|piombo|m}} * Japanese: {{t+|ja|鉛|tr=[[なまり]], namarí|sc=Jpan}} * [[Kashubian]]: [[òłów]] {{m}} {{trans-mid}} * Kazakh: {{t|kk|къогъасын|tr=qog”asın|sc=Cyrl|xs=Kazakh}} * Korean: {{t+|ko|납|tr=nap|sc=Hang}}, {{t+|ko|연|sc=Hang}} ({{t-|ko|鉛|tr=yeon|sc=Hani}}) * Kurdish: {{t|ku|قورقوشم|sc=ku-Arab}} * Latin: {{t+|la|plumbum}} * Latvian: {{t|lv|svins|xs=Latvian}} * Lithuanian: {{t|lt|švinas|m|xs=Lithuanian}} * [[Luxembourgish]]: {{t|lb|bläi|xs=Luxembourgish}} * [[Macedonian]]: {{t-|mk|олово|n|tr=olovo|sc=Cyrl|xs=Macedonian}} * Malay: {{t-|ms|plumbum|xs=Malay}} * [[Malayalam]]: {{t|ml|കറുത്തീയം|tr=kaRutheeyam|xs=Malayalam}} * Maltese: {{t-|mt|ċomb|xs=Maltese}} * [[Manx]]: {{t|gv|leoaie|xs=Manx}} * Maori: {{t-|mi|matā|xs=Maori}} * Mongolian: {{t-|mn|хар|tr=khar|sc=Cyrl|xs=Mongolian}} * Norwegian: {{t+|no|bly}} * Persian: {{t+|fa|سرب|tr=sorb|sc=fa-Arab|xs=Persian}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|ołów|m}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|chumbo|m}} * Romanian: {{t+|ro|plumb|n}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|свинец|m|tr=svinéts|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|плюмбум|m|tr=pljúmbum|sc=Cyrl}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t|gd|luaidh|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} * Serbian: {{t-|sr|олово|n|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t-|sr|olovo|n}} * Slovak: {{t-|sk|olovo}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|svinec|m}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|plomo|m}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|bly}} * [[Tajik]]: {{t|tg|surb|xs=Tajik}} * [[Tamil]]: {{t|ta|ஈயம்|tr=īyam|xs=Tamil}} * [[Telugu]]: {{t|te|సీసం|tr=seesam|sc=Telu}} * Thai: {{t|th|ตะกั้ว|tr=tàgûa|sc=Thai|xs=Thai}} * Turkish: {{t+|tr|kurşun}} * Ukrainian: {{t|uk|свинець|m|tr=svynéts’|sc=Cyrl|xs=Ukrainian}} * Uzbek: {{t|uz|кўогъшсин|tr=kŭog”şsin|sc=Cyrl|xs=Uzbek}} * Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|chì|xs=Vietnamese}} * Welsh: {{t|cy|plwm|xs=Welsh}} * [[West Frisian]]: {{t-|fy|lead|n|xs=West Frisian}} * Yiddish: {{t|yi|בליי|tr=blei|sc=Hebr|xs=Yiddish}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|plummet to measure depth of water}} * Dutch: {{t|nl|dieplood}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|sondilo|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|luoti}} * German: {{t-|de|Senkblei|n}} {{trans-mid}} * Italian: {{t-|it|scandaglio|m}} * Russian: {{t|ru|грузило|n|tr=gruzílo|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|свинцовый отвес|m|tr=svintsóvyj otvés|sc=Cyrl}} * Spanish: {{t-|es|sonda|f}}, {{t|es|escandallo|m}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|separator line in print}} * Dutch: {{t-|nl|interlinie|f}} * Russian: {{t|ru|шпон|m|tr=špon|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|шпона|tršpóna|f|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|шпоны|p|tr=špóny|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-mid}} * Spanish: {{t|es|regleta|f}}, {{t|es|interlínea|f}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|typography: vertical space}} * German: [[Durchschuss]] {{m}} * Russian: [[интерлиньяж]] (interlinjáž) {{m}}, [[межстрочное расстояние]] (mežstróčnoje rasstojánije) {{n}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|sheets or plates covering a roof}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|roof covered with lead sheets or terne plates}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|refill for writing tool}} * Dutch: {{t|nl|stift}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|lyijy}} * German: {{t+|de|Mine|f}} * Italian: {{t+|it|mina|f}} {{trans-mid}} * [[Malayalam]]: {{t|ml|പെന്‍സില്‍ മുന|tr=pensil muna|xs=Malayalam}} * Russian: {{t|ru|графит|m|tr=grafít|sc=Cyrl}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|mina|f}} {{trans-bottom}} ====Verb==== {{en-verb}} # {{transitive}} To cover, fill, or affect with lead; as, continuous firing leads the grooves of a rifle. # {{transitive|printing}} To place leads between the lines of; as, to lead a page; leaded matter. =====Usage notes===== Note carefully these two senses are verbs derived from the noun referring to the metallic element, and are unrelated to the [[heteronym]] defined below under [[#Etymology 2]]. =====Translations===== {{trans-top|to cover, fill, or affect with lead}} * Dutch: {{t|nl|verloden}} * Finnish: [[täyttää]] [[lyijy]]llä, [[peittää]] [[lyijy]]llä, [[täyttyä]] [[lyijy]]yn, [[peittyä]] [[lyijy]]yn * German: {{t-|de|verbleien}} {{trans-mid}} * Russian: {{t|ru|свинцевать|tr=svintsevát’|sc=Cyrl}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|printing: place leads between the lines of}} * Dutch: {{t|nl|interliniëren}} {{trans-mid}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} {{trans-bottom}} {{checktrans-top}} * {{ttbc|Esperanto}} [[plumbi]] {{trans-bottom}} ====See also==== {{rel-top4|terms related to the element lead}} * [[anglesite]] * [[aplomb]] * [[cerussite]] * [[galena]] * [[litharge]] * [[plumb]] * [[plumb-]], [[plumbo-]] * [[plumbagin]] * [[plumbago]] {{rel-mid4}} * [[plumballophane]] * [[plumbane]] * [[plumbary]] * [[plumbate]] * [[plumbator]] * ''[[plumb dulcis]]'' * [[plumbean]] * [[plumbeous]] * [[plumber]] {{rel-mid4}} * [[plumbian]] * [[plumbic]] * [[plumbicon]] * [[plumbiferous]] * [[plumbine]] * [[plumbing]] * [[plumbism]] * [[plumbisolvency]] * [[plumbisolvent]] {{rel-mid4}} * [[plumbite]] * [[plumb-joint]] * [[plumbless]] * [[plumbly]] * [[plumbous]] * [[plumby]] * [[plummet]] * [[TEL]] {{rel-bottom}} ===Etymology 2=== From {{etyl|ang}} {{term|lædan|lǣdan|lang=ang}}, probably a causative form of {{term|liþan||travel|lang=ang}}. Cognate with Dutch {{term|leiden|lang=nl}}, German {{term|leiten|lang=de}}, Swedish {{term|leda|lang=sv}}, Danish {{term|lede|lang=da}}. ====Pronunciation==== * {{enPR|lēd}}, {{IPA|/liːd/}}, {{SAMPA|/li:d/}} * {{audio|en-us-lead-present.ogg|Audio (US)}} * {{homophones|leed}} ====Verb==== {{en-verb|leads|leading|led|led}} # {{transitive}} To [[guide]] or [[conduct]] with the hand, or by means of some physical contact connection; as, a father leads a child; a jockey leads a horse with a halter; a dog leads a blind man. #:* If a blind man '''lead''' a blind man, both fall down in the ditch. — [[w:John Wycliffe|John Wyclif]] on ''[[s:Bible_%28King_James%29/Matthew#Chapter_15|Matthew 15:14]]'' #:* They thrust him out of the city, and '''led''' him unto the brow of the hill. — ''[[s:Bible_%28King_James%29/Luke#Chapter_4|Luke 4:29]]'' #:* In thy right hand '''lead''' with thee The mountain nymph, sweet Liberty. — [[w:John Milton|Milton]] # {{transitive}} To [[guide]] or conduct in a certain [[course]], or to a certain place or end, by making the way known; to show the way, especially by going with or going in advance of, to lead a pupil; to [[guide]] somebody somewhere or to [[bring]] somebody somewhere by means of [[instruction]]s. Hence, figuratively: To [[direct]]; to [[counsel]]; to [[instruct]]; as, to lead a traveler. #:* The Lord went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to '''lead''' them the way. — ''[[s:Bible_%28King_James%29/Exodus#Chapter_13|Exodus 13:21]]'' #:* He '''leadeth''' me beside the still waters. — ''[[s:Bible_%28King_James%29/Psalms#Psalm_23|Psalms 23:2]]'' #:* This thought might '''lead''' me through the world’s vain mask. Content, though blind, had I no better guide. — [[w:John Milton|Milton]]. # {{transitive}} To conduct or [[direct]] with [[authority]]; to have direction or charge of; as, to lead an army, an exploring party, or a search; to lead a political party; to [[command]], especially a [[military]] or [[business]] unit #:* Christ took not upon him flesh and blood that he might conquer and rule nations, '''lead''' armies, or possess places. — [[w:Robert South|Robert South]] # {{transitive}} To go or to be [[in advance]] of; to [[precede]]; hence, to be foremost or chief among; as, the big sloop led the fleet of yachts; the Guards led the attack; Demosthenes leads the orators of all ages. #:* As Hesperus, that '''leads''' the sun his way. — [[w:Edward Fairfax|Edward Fairfax]], translating [[w:Torquato Tasso|Tasso's]] ''[[w:Jerusalem Delivered|Jerusalem Delivered]]. #:* And lo! Ben Adhem's name '''led''' all the rest. — [[w:Leigh Hunt|Leigh Hunt]] # {{transitive}} To draw or direct by [[influence]], whether good or bad; to prevail on; to [[induce]]; to entice; to allure; as, to lead one to espouse a righteous cause. #:* ''The evidence '''leads''' me to believe he is guilty.'' #:* He was driven by the necessities of the times, more than '''led''' by his own disposition, to any rigor of actions. — ''[[w:Eikon Basilike|Eikon Basilike]]'' #:* Silly women, laden with sins, '''led''' away by divers lusts. — ''[[s:Bible_%28King_James%29/2_Timothy#Chapter_3|2 Timothy 3:6]]''. # {{transitive}} To guide or conduct oneself in, through, or along (a certain course); hence, to proceed in the way of; to [[follow]] the [[path]] or [[course]] of; to pass; to spend. Also, to cause (one) to proceed or follow in (a certain course). #:* That we may '''lead''' a quiet and peaceable life. — ''[[s:Bible_%28King_James%29/1_Timothy#Chapter_2|1 Timothy 2:2]]'' #:* Nor thou with shadowed hint confuse A life that '''leads''' melodious days. — [[w:Alfred Tennyson|Alfred Tennyson]] #:* You remember . . . the life he used to '''lead''' his wife and daughter. — [[w:Charles Dickens|Dickens]] # {{context|transitive|cards|dominoes}} To [[begin]] a game, round, or trick, with; as, to lead trumps #: ''He '''led''' a double five.'' # {{intransitive}} To guide or conduct, as by accompanying, going before, showing, influencing, [[directing]] with authority, etc.; to have [[precedence]] or preeminence; to be first or [[chief]]; — used in most of the senses of the transitive verb. # {{intransitive}} To be [[ahead]] of others, e.g., in a [[race]] # {{intransitive}} To have the highest interim [[score]] in a [[game]] # {{intransitive}} To be more advanced in [[technology]] or [[business]] than others # {{intransitive}} To tend or reach in a certain [[direction]], or to a certain place; as, the path leads to the mill; gambling leads to other vices. #:* The mountain-foot that leads towards Mantua. — [[w:William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]], ''[[s:The Two Gentlemen of Verona|Two Gentlemen of Verona]]'', [[s:The_Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona#SCENE_2._The_same._A_room_in_the_DUKE.27S_palace.|V-ii]] # {{intransitive}} To lead off or out, to go first; to [[begin]]. # To [[produce]]. #: ''The shock '''led''' to a change in his behaviour.'' # {{baseball}} To step off [[base]] and move towards the next base. #: ''The batter always '''leads''' off base.'' =====Derived terms===== {{rel-top|terms derived from the verb "to lead"}} * [[lead astray]] * [[lead captive]] * [[leader]] {{rel-mid}} * [[leading]] {{pos_a}} * [[lead the way]] * [[take the lead]] {{rel-bottom}} <!-- * To [[lead astray]], to guide in a wrong way, or into error; to seduce from truth or rectitude * To [[lead captive]], to carry or bring into captivity * To [[lead the way]], to show the way by going in front; to act as guide. — [[w:Oliver Goldsmith|Oliver Goldsmith]] --> =====Translations===== {{trans-top|guide or conduct with the hand, or by means of some physical contact connection}} * Arabic: {{t|ar|قاد|tr=qāda|sc=Arab}} * [[Breton]]: {{t+|br|ren|xs=Breton}}, {{t+|br|kas|xs=Breton}}, {{t|br|bleinañ|xs=Breton}} * Chinese: *: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|引導|sc=Hani|xs=Mandarin}}, {{t|cmn|引导|tr=yǐndǎo|sc=Hani|xs=Mandarin}} * Czech: {{t+|cs|vést}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|konduki|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t-|fi|johdattaa}}, {{t+|fi|opastaa}}, {{t+|fi|ohjata}} * French: {{t+|fr|guider}} * German: {{t+|de|führen}}, {{t+|de|leiten}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}} * Hungarian: {{t+|hu|vezet}} {{trans-mid}} * Italian: {{t+|it|guidare}}, {{t+|it|condurre}} * Japanese: {{t|ja|導く|tr=[[みちびく]], michibiku|sc=Jpan}} * [[Malayalam]]: {{t|ml|നയിയ്ക്കുക|tr=nayiykkuka|xs=Malayalam}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|poprowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|zaprowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|doprowadzać}}, {{t-|pl|przeprowadzać}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|guiar}}, {{t+|pt|conduzir}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|водить|tr=vodít’|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|вести|tr=vestí|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Spanish: {{t-|es|guiar}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}}, {{t+|sv|föra}} * [[West Frisian]]: {{t|fy|liede|xs=West Frisian}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|guide or conduct in a certain course}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|konduki|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t-|fi|johdattaa}}, {{t+|fi|opastaa}}, {{t+|fi|johtaa}} * French: {{t+|fr|mener}}, {{t|fr|conduire}}, {{t|fr|guider}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}} * Italian: {{t+|it|condurre}} * Japanese: {{t-|ja|案内する|tr=[[あんないする]], annai surú|sc=Jpan}}, {{t|ja|率いる|tr=[[ひきいる]], hikiiru|sc=Jpan}}, {{t|ja|導く|tr=[[みちびく]], michibiku|sc=Jpan}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|kierować}}, {{t+|pl|prowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|poprowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|zaprowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|doprowadzać}}, {{t-|pl|przeprowadzać}}, {{t+|pl|wskazywać}}, {{t+|pl|pokazywać}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|водить|tr=vodít’|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|вести|tr=vestí|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} * [[West Frisian]]: {{t|fy|liede|xs=West Frisian}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|conduct or direct with authority}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|estri|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johtaa}}, {{t+|fi|vetää}} * French: {{t|fr|diriger}}, {{t|fr|commander}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}}, {{t-|he|הנהיג|tr=hinhíg|sc=Hebr}} * Italian: {{t+|it|condurre}} * Japanese: {{t|ja|率いる|tr=[[ひきいる]], hikiiru|sc=Jpan}} {{trans-mid}} * [[Malayalam]]: {{t|ml|നയിയ്ക്കുക|tr=nayiykkuka|xs=Malayalam}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|kierować}}, {{t+|pl|prowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|dowodzić}}, {{t-|pl|przewodzić}}, {{t-|pl|poprowadzić}} * Russian: {{t|ru|руководить|tr=rukovodít’|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} * [[West Frisian]]: {{t|fy|liede|xs=West Frisian}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|go or be in advance of; precede}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|antaŭiri|xs=Esperanto}} {{i|go}}, {{t-|eo|antaŭi|xs=Esperanto}} {{i|be}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johtaa}} * French: {{t+|fr|mener}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}}, {{t-|he|הנהיג|tr=hinhíg|sc=Hebr}} * Hungarian: {{t|hu|elöl megy}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|przewodzić}}, {{t-|pl|poprzedzać}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|возглавлять|tr=vozglavlját’|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|draw or direct by influence}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|logi|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t-|fi|johdattaa}}, {{t+|fi|ajaa}} * French: {{t|fr|amener}} à, {{t|fr|pousser}} à, {{t|fr|conduire}} à * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}}, {{t-|he|הנהיג|tr=hinhíg|sc=Hebr}} * Italian: {{t+|it|convincere}}, {{t-|it|influenzare}} * Japanese: {{t+|ja|引く|tr=[[ひく]], hiku|sc=Jpan}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|склонять|tr=sklonját’|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|приводить|tr=privodít’|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|привести|tr=privestí|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|guide or conduct oneself}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|sekvi|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|viedä}}, {{t+|fi|johtaa}} * French: {{t|fr|mener}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}}, {{t-|he|הנהיג|tr=hinhíg|sc=Hebr}} {{trans-mid}} * Italian: {{t+|it|comportarsi}} * Japanese: {{t|ja|導く|tr=[[みちびく]], michibiku|sc=Jpan}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić się}} * Russian: {{t|ru|водиться|tr=vodít’s’a|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|вестись|tr=vestís’|sc=Cyrl}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|begin a game of cards or dominoes}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|uitkomen}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|komenci|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|aloittaa}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}} * Italian: {{t-|it|essere di mano}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|wychodzić}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|sair}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|ходить|sc=Cyrl}} [[с#Russian|с]] (xodít’ s +''genitive pl''), {{t+|ru|пойти|sc=Cyrl}} [[с#Russian|с]] (pojtí s +''genitive pl'') {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|intransitive: to guide or conduct}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiden}}, {{t+|nl|begeleiden}}, {{t|nl|meevoeren}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|konduki|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johtaa}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Hebr}}, {{t-|he|הנהיג|tr=hinhíg|sc=Hebr}} * Italian: {{t+|it|comportarsi}} * Japanese: {{t-|ja|案内する|tr=[[あんない]]する, annai-suru|sc=Japn}}, {{t|ja|率いる|tr=[[ひきいる]], hikiiru|sc=Jpan}}, {{t|ja|導く|tr=[[みちびく]], michibiku|sc=Jpan}} {{trans-mid}} * Korean: {{t|ko|안내하다|tr=annaehada|sc=Hang}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|проводить|tr=provodít’|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|intransitive: be ahead of others}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|aanvoeren}}, {{t|nl|vooroplopen}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|antaŭi|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johtaa}} * Hebrew: {{t-|he|הוביל|tr=hovíl|sc=Habr}} * Italian: {{t-|it|andare avanti}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}}, {{t-|pl|przewodzić}}, {{t-|pl|poprzedzać}} * Russian: {{t|ru|лидировать|tr=lidírovat’|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|intransitive: have the highest interim score in a game}} * Dutch: [[aanvoeren]], [[vooroplopen]] * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johtaa}} * French: {{t+|fr|mener}} * Hebrew: {{he-translation|הוביל|hovíl}} * Italian: {{t-|it|essere in testa}} * Japanese: [[リードする]] ([[りーどする]], līdo-suru) {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|выигрывать|tr=vyígryvat’|sc=Cyrl}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|voditi}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|intransitive: be more advanced}} * Dutch: {{t|nl|voorlopen}} * Finnish: [[johtaa]], [[olla]] [[edellä]] * French: {{t+|fr|mener}} * Hebrew: {{he-translation|הוביל|hovíl}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t-|pl|przodować}}, {{t+|pl|prowadzić}} * Russian: {{t|ru|опережать|tr=operežat’|sc=Cyrl}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|leda}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|intransitive: tend or reach in a certain direction}} * Dutch: [[leiden]] naar * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johtaa}}, {{t+|fi|viedä}} * French: {{t+|fr|mener}} * Japanese: [[達する]] ([[たっする]], tassuru), [[到達する]] ([[とうたつする]], tōtatsu-suru) {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|проводить|tr=provodít’|sc=Cyrl}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|intransitive: to go first}} * Esperanto: {{t-|eo|komenciĝi|xs=Esperanto}} * Hebrew: {{he-translation|התחיל|hitkhíl}} * Italian: {{t-|it|andare avanti}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|prowadzić}} * Russian: {{t|ru|начинать|tr=načinát’|sc=Cyrl}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|ongoza}} {{trans-bottom}} {{checktrans-top}} [[transitive]]: * {{ttbc|Ancient Greek}}: {{unicode|[[ἄγω]]}} (ágo) * {{ttbc|Latin}}: [[ducere]] {{checktrans-mid}} [[intransitive]]: * {{ttbc|Breton}}: [[bezañ e penn]], [[bezañ o charreat]] * {{ttbc|Catalan}}: [[guiar]] * {{ttbc|Esperanto}}: [[poentantaŭi]] or [[antaŭi poente]] (10), [[antaŭeniriĝi]] (11) * {{ttbc|Indonesian}}: [[pimpin]], [[bimbing]], [[tffuntun]] * {{ttbc|Romanian}}: [[a conduce]], [[a îndruma]] {{trans-bottom}} ====Noun==== {{wikipedia|lead (news)}} {{en-noun|s|-}} # {{uncountable}} The act of leading or conducting; guidance; direction; as, to take the lead; to be under the lead of another. #:* At the time I speak of, and having a momentary '''lead''', . . . I am sure I did my country important service. — [[w:Edmund Burke|Edmund Burke]] # {{uncountable}} Precedence; advance position; also, the measure of precedence; as, the white horse had the lead; a lead of a boat’s length, or of half a second; the state of being ahead in a race; the highest score in a game in an incomplete game. # {{baseball}} When a runner steps away from a base while waiting for the pitch to be thrown #: ''The runner took his '''lead''' from first.'' # {{uncountable}} (''cards and dominoes'') The act or right of playing first in a game or round; the card suit, or piece, so played; as, your partner has the lead. # {{countable}} A [[channel]] of [[open]] [[water]] in an [[ice]] [[field]]. # {{context|countable|mining}} A [[lode]]. # {{nautical}} The course of a rope from end to end. # A rope, leather strap, or similar device with which to lead an animal; a [[leash]] # In a steam engine, The width of port opening which is uncovered by the valve, for the admission or release of steam, at the instant when the piston is at end of its stroke. #* '''Usage note''': When used alone it means outside lead, or lead for the admission of steam. ''Inside lead'' refers to the release or exhaust. # charging lead # {{context|civil engineering}} The distance of haul, as from a cutting to an embankment. # {{context|horology}} The action of a tooth, as a tooth of a wheel, in impelling another tooth or a pallet. — Claudias Saunier # Hypothesis that has not been pursued #:* The investigation stalled when all '''leads''' turned out to be dead ends. # Information obtained by a detective or police officer that allows him or her to discover further details about a crime or incident. # {{context|marketing}} Potential opportunity for a sale or transaction, a potential customer. #:* Joe is a great addition to our sales team, he has numerous '''leads''' in the paper industry. # Information obtained by a news reporter about an issue or subject that allows him or her to discover more details. # {{curling}} The player who throws the first two rocks for a team. # {{newspapers}} A [[teaser]]; a [[lead in]]; the start of a newspaper column, telling who, what, when, where, why and how. (Sometimes spelled as [[lede]] for this usage to avoid ambiguity.) # {{engineering}} The axial distance a screw thread travels in one revolution. It is equal to the [[pitch]] times the number of [[starts]]. =====Usage notes===== Note that these noun (attributive) uses are all derived from the verb, '''not''' the chemical element in [[#Etymology 1]]. =====Derived terms===== <!--Terms derived from the NOUN in the senses above--> {{rel-top|terms derived from the noun "lead"}} * [[bury the lead]] * [[lead angle]] * [[lead in]] {{rel-mid}} * [[lead role]] * [[lead screw]] * [[take the lead]] {{rel-bottom}} <!-- * [[lead angle]], ''(Steam Engine):'' the angle which the crank maker with the line of centers, in approaching it, at the instant when the valve opens to admit steam * [[lead screw]], ''(Machines):'' the main longitudinal screw of a lathe, which gives the feed motion to the carriage. --> =====Translations===== {{trans-top|act of leading or conducting}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiding|f}}, {{t+|nl|begeleiding|f}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johto}}, {{t-|fi|johtaminen}} * German: {{t+|de|Führung|f}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t-|pl|prowadzenie|n}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|conduzir}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|ledning|c}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|precedence; advance position}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|leiding|f}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|johto}}, {{t-|fi|johtoasema}} * German: {{t+|de|Führung|f}}, {{t+|de|Leitung|f}} * Greek: {{t+|el|προβάδισμα|n|sc=Grek}} (provádisma) {{trans-mid}} * Polish: {{t-|pl|prowadzenie|n}} * Portuguese: {{t|pt|liderança|f}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|лидерство|n|tr=líderstvo|sc=Cyrl}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|ledning|c}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|in cards and dominoes}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|uitkomst|f}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|wyjście|n}} {{trans-mid}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|ход|m|tr=khod|sc=Cyrl}} * Swedish: {{t-|sv|förhand|c}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|channel of open water in an ice field}} * Dutch: {{t-|nl|vaargeul}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|mining: a lode}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|lood|n}} * German: {{t+|de|Ader|f}} {{trans-mid}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|жила|f|tr=žíla|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|nautical: course of a rope from end to end}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|lengte|f}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|a leash}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|lijn}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|talutushihna}} * French: {{t+|fr|laisse|f}} {{trans-mid}} * German: {{t+|de|Leine|f}} * Polish: {{t-|pl|smycz|f}} * Russian: [[привязь]] (prívjaz’) {{f}}; [[повод]] (póvod) {{m}}; [[поводок]] (povodók) {{m}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|in a steam engine}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|civil engineering: distance of haul, as from a cutting to an embankment}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|horology: action of a tooth}} {{trans-mid}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|information obtained by a detective or police officer}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|aanwijzing|f}} * French: {{t|fr|piste|f}}, {{t|fr|tuyau|m}} * German: {{t+|de|Spur|f}} {{trans-mid}} * Polish: [[trop#Polish|trop]] {{m}}, [[cynk]] {{qualifier|slang}} {{m}} * Russian: {{t+|ru|наводка|f|tr=navódka|sc=Cyrl}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|information obtained by a news reporter}} * Dutch: {{t-|nl|leidraad|m}} * French: {{t|fr|tuyau|m}} {{trans-mid}} * German: {{t+|de|Spur|f}} * Polish: [[trop#Polish|trop]] {{m}}, [[cynk]] {{qualifier|slang}} {{m}} {{trans-bottom}} {{checktrans-top}} * {{ttbc|Breton}}: [[roll#Breton|roll]] {{m}}, rolloù {{p}}, delc’her en e roll / gant ar roll {{trans-bottom}} ====Adjective==== {{en-adj|-}} # {{not comparable}} [[foremost|Foremost]]. #: ''The contestants are all tied; no one has the '''lead''' position.'' =====Synonyms===== *{{sense|foremost}} [[first]], [[front]], [[head]], [[leader]],<!-- adjective derived from the noun, not comparative --> [[leading]] {{rft}} ===References=== * {{R:1913}} ===Anagrams=== * {{alphagram|adel}} * [[dale]] * [[deal]] * [[lade]] [[Category:1000 English basic words]] [[Category:English heteronyms]] [[Category:English homophones]] [[Category:English irregular verbs]] [[Category:English words with multiple etymologies]] ---- ==Hungarian== ===Etymology=== {{hu-prefix|le|ad}} ===Pronunciation=== * {{IPA|/ˈlɛɒd/|lang=hu}} * {{hyphenation|le|ad}} ===Verb=== {{infl|hu|verb|infinitive|leadni}} # To [[pass down]], to [[hand down]], to [[turn]] in, to [[drop]] off. ====Derived terms==== * [[leadja a voksát]] ---- ==Old English== ===Etymology=== From {{proto|Germanic|louda|lang=ang|title=West Germanic}}. ===Noun=== {{infl|ang|noun|head=lēad|g=n}} # [[#English|lead]] [[ar:lead]] [[zh-min-nan:lead]] [[de:lead]] [[et:lead]] [[el:lead]] [[es:lead]] [[fa:lead]] [[fr:lead]] [[gl:lead]] [[ko:lead]] [[io:lead]] [[it:lead]] [[kk:lead]] [[ku:lead]] [[lo:lead]] [[la:lead]] [[lt:lead]] [[hu:lead]] [[nl:lead]] [[ja:lead]] [[no:lead]] [[oc:lead]] [[pl:lead]] [[pt:lead]] [[ro:lead]] [[ru:lead]] [[simple:lead]] [[fi:lead]] [[sv:lead]] [[ta:lead]] [[te:lead]] [[th:lead]] [[vi:lead]] [[uk:lead]] [[vo:lead]] [[zh:lead]]