sphere

Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page MediaWiki 1.16alpha-wmf case-sensitive Media Special Talk User User talk Wiktionary Wiktionary talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Appendix Appendix talk Concordance Concordance talk Index Index talk Rhymes Rhymes talk Transwiki Transwiki talk Wikisaurus Wikisaurus talk WT WT talk Citations Citations talk sphere 28239 6999691 2009-07-18T09:53:43Z Tbot 44393 updated t/t-/t+ templates {{also|sphère}} ==English== {{wikipedia}} ===Etymology=== From {{etyl|fro}} {{term|espere}}, from late {{etyl|la}} {{term|sphera|sphēra}}, earlier {{term|sphaera||ball, globe, celestial sphere}}, from {{etyl|grc}} {{term|σφαῖρα||ball, globe|sc=polytonic}}, of unknown origin. ===Pronunciation=== * {{a|UK}} {{IPA|/sfɪə/}}, {{SAMPA|/sfI@/}} * {{a|US}} {{enPR|sfîr}}, {{IPA|/sfɪr/}}, {{SAMPA|/sfIr/}} * {{audio|en-us-sphere.ogg|Audio (US)}} * {{rhymes|ɪə(r)}} ===Noun=== {{en-noun}} # {{geometry}}A regular three-dimensional object in which every [[cross-section]] is a [[circle]]; the figure described by the revolution of a semi-circle about its diameter. # {{mathematics}} The set of all points in [[three-dimensional]] [[Euclidean space]] (or {{n}}-dimensional space, in topology) that are a fixed distance from a fixed point. # A spherical object; a [[globe]] or [[ball]]. # The apparent outer limit of space, the edge of the heavens, imagined as a hollow globe within which celestial bodies appear to be embedded. # {{historical|astronomy}} Any of the concentric hollow transparent globes formerly believed to rotate around the [[Earth]], and which carried the heavenly bodies; there were originally believed to be eight, and later nine and ten; friction between them was thought to cause a harmonious sound (the ''[[music of the spheres]]''). #* '''1603''', John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, ''Essays'', vol. 1 p. 153: #*: It is more simplicitie to teach our children [...] [t]he knowledge of the starres, and the motion of the eighth '''spheare''', before their owne. # {{figuratively}} An area of activity for a planet; or by extension, an area of influence for a [[god]], [[hero]] etc. # The region in which something or someone is active; one's [[province]], [[domain]]. ====Synonyms==== * (''object''): [[ball]], [[globe]], [[orb]] * (''region of activity''): [[area]], [[domain]], [[field]], [[orbit]], [[sector]] * (''in geometry''): [[3-sphere]] (''geometry''), [[2-sphere]] (''topology'') * (''astronomy: apparent surface of the heavens''): ''See'' '''[[celestial sphere]]''' * (''astronomy: anything visible on the apparent surface of the heavens''): ''See'' '''[[celestial body]]''' ====Derived terms==== * [[blogosphere]] * [[sphere of influence]] ====Related terms==== * [[atmosphere]] * [[hemisphere]] * [[ionosphere]] * [[planisphere]] * [[spherical]] * [[spheroid]] * [[stratosphere]] * [[troposphere]] ====Translations==== {{trans-top|spherical object}} * {{trreq|Albanian}} * Arabic: {{Arab|[[جِسْمٌ كُرَوِيّ|جسم كروي]]}} (jísmu kuráwiy) {{m}} * Armenian: [[գունդ]] (gund) * {{trreq|Basque}} * Chinese: [[球]] (qiú), [[圆球]] (yuán qiú) * Croatian: {{t-|hr|kugla|f}} * Czech: {{t+|cs|koule|f}} * Danish: [[kugle]] * Dutch: {{t+|nl|bol|m}} * Esperanto: {{t|eo|sfero|xs=Esperanto}} * Estonian: {{t-|et|kera}} * Finnish: {{t+|fi|pallo}} * French: {{t+|fr|sphère|f}}, {{t+|fr|boule|f}} * Georgian: [[სფერო]] (sp‘ero) * German: {{t+|de|Kugel|f}} * Greek: {{t+|el|σφαίρα|f|tr=sfaíra|sc=Grek}} * Hebrew: {{he-translation|כדור|kadúr}} {{m}}, {{he-translation|ספרה|sféra}} {{f}} * {{trreq|Hindi}} * Hungarian: {{t+|hu|gömb}} * Icelandic: {{t+|is|hnöttur}} * Irish: [[sféar]] {{m}} * Italian: {{t+|it|sfera|f}} {{trans-mid}} * Japanese: [[球]] (kyū), [[球体]] (kyūtai) * Korean: [[구체]] (guche) * Latvian: [[sfēra]] {{f}}, [[lode]] {{f}} * Lithuanian: [[rutulys]] * {{trreq|Maltese}} * {{trreq|Mongolian}} * Persian: {{t+|fa|کره|sc=fa-Arab|xs=Persian}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|sfera|f}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|esfera|f}} * Romanian: [[sferă]] {{f}} * Russian: [[шар]] (šar) {{m}}, [[сфера]] (sféra) {{f}} * Slovak: [[gul'a]] {{f}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|krogla|f}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|esfera|f}}, {{t+|es|bola|f}} * Swahili: {{t|sw|mviringo|xs=Swahili}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|klot|c}}, {{t-|sv|glob|c}}, {{t+|sv|sfär|c}} * [[Telugu]]: [[గోళము]] (gOLamu) * Thai: {{Thai|[[ทรงกลม]]}} (song glom) * Turkish: {{t+|tr|küre}} * {{trreq|Vietnamese}} * {{trreq|Welsh}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|geometrical figure}} * Armenian: [[գունդ]] (gund) * Croatian: {{t-|hr|sfera|f}} * Czech: {{t-|cs|kulová plocha|f}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|bol|m}} * Esperanto: {{t|eo|sfero|xs=Esperanto}} * French: {{t+|fr|sphère|f}} * Georgian: [[სფერო]] (sp‘ero) * German: {{t+|de|Kugel|f}} * Hebrew: {{he-translation|כדור|kadúr}} {{m}}, {{he-translation|ספרה|sféra}} {{f}} * Irish: [[sféar]] {{m}} {{trans-mid}} * Italian: {{t+|it|sfera|f}} * Japanese: [[球]] (kyū), [[球体]] (kyūtai) * Polish: {{t+|pl|sfera|f}}, {{t+|pl|kula|f}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|esfera|f}} * Russian: [[шар]] (šar) {{m}}, [[сфера]] (sf'éra) {{f}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|krogla|f}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|esfera|f}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|sfär|c}} * [[Telugu]]: [[గోళము]] (gOLamu) {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|region of activity}} * Armenian: [[ասպարեզ]] (asparez) * Croatian: {{t-|hr|sfera|f}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|omgeving|f}}, {{t+|nl|bereik|n}}, {{t+|nl|sfeer|m}} * Esperanto: {{t|eo|sfero|xs=Esperanto}} * French: {{t+|fr|sphère|f}} * German: {{t+|de|Sphäre|f}}, {{t+|de|Bereich|m}} * Hebrew: {{he-translation|תחום|tkhúm}} {{m}} * Hungarian: {{t+|hu|hatáskör}}, {{t+|hu|kör}}, {{t+|hu|terület}} * Irish: [[réimse]] {{m}} * Japanese: [[分野]] (bun’ya), [[範囲]] (han'i), [[領域]] (ryōiki) {{trans-mid}} * Latvian: [[sfēra]] {{f}} * Polish: {{t+|pl|obszar|m}}, {{t+|pl|sfera|f}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|esfera|f}} * Russian: [[сфера]] (sféra) {{f}} * Slovene: {{t-|sl|sfera|f}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|esfera|f}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|fack|n}}, {{t+|sv|fält|n}}, {{t-|sv|gebit|n}}, {{t+|sv|klass|c}}, {{t-|sv|krets|c}}, {{t+|sv|område|n}}, {{t+|sv|sfär|c}} * Turkish: {{t+|tr|alan}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-see|astronomy: apparent surface of the heavens|celestial sphere}}  {{checktrans-top}} * {{ttbc|Chinese}}: (1): [[球體]], [[球体]] (qiútǐ) * {{ttbc|Latin}}: (1): [[sphaera]] {{f}} {{checktrans-bottom}} ===See also=== * [[ball]] (''in topology'') * [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Sphere.html Mathworld article on the sphere] * [[PlanetMath:186|PlanetMath article on the sphere]] [[Category:Geometry]] [[Category:Shapes]] [[et:sphere]] [[el:sphere]] [[fr:sphere]] [[io:sphere]] [[id:sphere]] [[sw:sphere]] [[hu:sphere]] [[ja:sphere]] [[pl:sphere]] [[ru:sphere]] [[simple:sphere]] [[fi:sphere]] [[sv:sphere]] [[ta:sphere]] [[te:sphere]] [[vi:sphere]] [[zh:sphere]]