Wiktionary http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page MediaWiki 1.16alpha case-sensitive Media Special Talk User User talk Wiktionary Wiktionary talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Appendix Appendix talk Concordance Concordance talk Index Index talk Rhymes Rhymes talk Transwiki Transwiki talk Wikisaurus Wikisaurus talk WT WT talk Citations Citations talk 4119 6928941 2009-07-03T23:04:35Z Speight 80239 /* Particle */ add an example of the infinitive as an adjective to a common noun; add sense of use without a verb, which I believe is still discouraged in formal writing (?) {{wikipedia}} {{also|Appendix:Variations of "to"}} ==English== {{rank|the|of|and|4|to|in|I|that}} ===Etymology=== {{etyl|ang}} {{term|tō|tō|lang=ang}} ===Pronunciation=== * {{qualifier|stressed}} ** {{a|UK}} {{IPA|/tuː/}}, {{SAMPA|/tu:/}} ** {{a|US}} {{IPA|/tu/}}, {{SAMPA|/tu/}} * {{qualifier|unstressed|preconsonantal}} {{IPA|/tə/}}, {{SAMPA|/t@/}} * {{qualifier|unstressed|prevocalic}} {{IPA|/tʊ/}}, {{SAMPA|/tU/}} *: {{rhymes|uː}} * {{homophones|too|two}} {{rfc|space waste}} ===Particle=== {{en-part}} # A particle used to mark the following verb as an [[infinitive]]. #: ''I want '''to''' leave.'' #: ''He asked me what '''to''' do.'' #: ''I don’t know how '''to''' say it.'' #: ''I have places '''to''' go and people '''to''' see.'' #: '''''To''' err is human.'' #: '''''To''' be, or not '''to''' be: that is the question:'' # {{colloquial}} As above, with the verb implied. #: ''"Did you visit the museum?" "I wanted '''to''', but it was closed."'' #: ''If he hasn't read it yet, he ought '''to'''.'' ====Translations==== {{trans-top|infinitive-marker}} * Albanian: [[të]], [[për të]] * Armenian: {{t-|hy|-ել|tr=-el|sc=Armn|xs=Armenian}}, {{t-|hy|-ալ|tr=-al|sc=Armn|xs=Armenian}} * [[Catalan]]: [[a]] * Czech: ''Infinitive is marked by an extension, not a marker.'' * Danish: {{t+|da|at}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|te}} * French: {{t+|fr|-er}}, {{t+|fr|-re}}, {{t+|fr|-ir}} * German: {{t+|de|zu}}, {{t+|de|-en}} * Greek: (extension) [[-σει]] * Hungarian: (extension) [[-ni]] {{trans-mid}} * Icelandic: {{t+|is|að}} * Italian: {{t-|it|-are}}, {{t-|it|-ere}}, {{t-|it|-ire}} * [[Macedonian]]: {{t|mk|да|tr=da|sc=Cyrl}} * Norwegian: {{t+|no|å}} * Persian: {{fa-Arab|[[دن|دَن]]}} (-dæn), {{fa-Arab|[[تن|تَن]]}} (-tæn) * Romanian: {{t+|ro|a}} * Russian: (suffix) [[-ать]], [[-ять]], [[-еть]], [[-ить]] * [[Scots]]: [[tae]] * Spanish: {{t-|es|-ar}}, {{t-|es|-er}}, {{t-|es|-ir}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|att}} {{trans-bottom}} ===Preposition=== {{en-prep}} # In the [[direction]] of, and [[arriving]] at (indicating destination). #: ''We are walking '''to''' the shop.'' # {{non-gloss definition|Used after an adjective to indicate its application.}} #: ''similar '''to''' ...'', ''relevant '''to''' ...'', ''pertinent '''to''' ...'', ''I was nice '''to''' him'', ''he was cruel '''to''' her'', ''I am used '''to''' walking.'' # {{non-gloss definition|Used to indicate [[ratio]]s.}} #: ''one '''to''' one'' = 1:1 #: ''ten '''to''' one'' = 10:1. # {{non-gloss definition|Used to indicate the [[indirect object]].}} #: ''I gave the book '''to''' him.'' # {{context|time}} Preceding #: ''ten '''to''' ten'' = 9:50; ''We're going to leave at ten '''to''' (the hour).'' # {{Newfoundland}} [[at]] #: ''Stay where you're '''to''' and I'll come find you, b'y.'' ====Translations==== {{trans-top|in the direction of, and arriving at}} * Arabic: {{Arab|[[الى]]}} (íla), {{Arab|[[على|عَلى]]}} (ʕála) * Armenian: {{t-|hy|դեպի|tr=depi|sc=Armn|xs=Armenian}} * [[Catalan]]: [[a]], [[cap a]] * Chinese: [[到]] (dào) * [[Cornish]]: *: Kernewek Kemmyn: [[dhe]] (sometimes [[yn]]) * Czech: {{t+|cs|k}}, {{t+|cs|ke}}, {{t+|cs|ku}}, {{t+|cs|do}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|naar}} * Esperanto: {{t+|eo|al|xs=Esperanto}} * Finnish: ''expressed with the'' '''case''' ''of the headword, often [[allative]] case'' * French: {{t+|fr|à}} * German: {{t+|de|nach}}, {{t+|de|zu}}, {{t+|de|in}} * Greek: [[προς]] (pros), [[σε]] (se) * Hebrew: [[אל]] (el), ...[[ל]] (le-), ...[[ב]] (bi-) * {{trreq|Hindi}} * Hungarian: [[-hoz]]/[[-höz]]/[[-hez]] ([[allative]], arriving at), [[felé]] ([[postposition]], in the direction of) * [[Ido]]: {{t|io|a}}, {{t|io|ad}} * Indonesian: [[ke]], [[sampai]], [[hingga]], [[kepada]] * [[Interlingua]]: [[a]] * Irish: {{t-|ga|chuig|xs=Irish}}, {{t-|ga|chun|xs=Irish}} * Italian: {{t+|it|a}}, {{t+|it|in}}, {{t+|it|per}} {{trans-mid}} * Japanese: {{t+|ja|へ|tr=e|sc=Jpan}}, {{t+|ja|まで|tr=made|sc=Jpan}} * Korean: {{t+|ko|으로|tr=euro|sc=KOchar}} * Latin: {{t+|la|ad}} * Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|į|xs=Lithuanian}} * Maltese: {{t-|mt|lil|xs=Maltese}}, {{t-|mt|lejn|xs=Maltese}}, {{t-|mt|lill-|xs=Maltese}}, {{t-|mt|lil-|xs=Maltese}} * [[Novial]]: [[a]] * Persian: {{fa-Arab|[[به|بِه]]}} (be) * Polish: {{l|pl|do}} * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|a}}, {{t+|pt|para}} * Romanian: {{t-|ro|la}}, {{t-|ro|către}}, {{t-|ro|spre}} * Russian: [[на#Russian|на]]; [[в#Russian|в]], [[к#Russian|к]] (k) ''(words consisting of a consonant)'' * {{trreq|Sanskrit}} * [[Scots]]: {{tø|sco|tae|xs=Scots}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|gu|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} * Slovene: [[k]] ''or'' [[h]] ''(if the next word begins with a "k" or "g")'', [[proti]] * Spanish: {{t+|es|a}} {{t+|es|hacia}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|till}} * [[Telugu]]: {{t|te|-కి|sc=Telu}} (ki), {{t|te|-కు|sc=Telu}} (ku) * Turkish: {{t+|tr|-e}}, {{t+|tr|-a}}, {{t-|tr|-ye}}, {{t-|tr|-ya}} {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|used after certain adjectives to indicate a relationship}} * Armenian: ''uses the dative case or'' {{t|hy|նկատմամբ|tr=nkatmamb|sc=Armn|xs=Armenian}} * [[Catalan]]: [[a]] * Czech: ''uses the dative case'' * Dutch: {{t+|nl|tegen}}, {{t+|nl|aan}}, {{t+|nl|met}} * French: {{t+|fr|à}} * Greek: {{t+|el|με|sc=Grek}} * Italian: {{t+|it|a}} * Maltese: {{t-|mt|għal|xs=Maltese}} {{trans-mid}} * Persian: {{fa-Arab|[[به|بِه]]}} (be) * Portuguese: {{t+|pt|com}} * Romanian: {{t+|ro|cu}} * [[Scots]]: {{tø|sco|tae|xs=Scots}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|ri|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|a}} * Swedish: [[till]], [[med]] ''(protagonistic relation)'', [[mot]] ''(antagonistic relation)'' {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|used to indicate ratios}} * Armenian: ''uses the dative case or'' {{t|hy|նկատմամբ|tr=nkatmamb|sc=Armn|xs=Armenian}} * [[Catalan]]: [[a]] * Chinese: [[比]] (bǐ) * Czech: {{t+|cs|ku}} * Dutch: {{t+|nl|tegen}} * Greek: {{t-|el|προς|sc=Grek}} * Italian: {{t+|it|a}}, {{t+|it|per}} * Japanese: {{t+|ja|に|tr=ni|sc=Jpan}}, {{t|ja|cs=JAchar|へ|tr=e}} {{trans-mid}} * Romanian: {{t-|ro|la}} * [[Scots]]: {{tø|sco|tae|xs=Scots}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|gu|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} * Slovene: {{t+|sl|proti}} * Spanish: {{t+|es|a}} * Swedish: {{t+|sv|till}} * [[Telugu]]: {{t|te|-కి|sc=Telu}} (ki), {{t|te|-కు|sc=Telu}} (ku) {{trans-bottom}} {{trans-top|used to indicate the indirect object}} * Armenian: ''uses the dative case'' * Czech: ''uses the dative case'' * French: {{t+|fr|à}} * German: {{t+|de|zu}}, {{t+|de|an}} {{qualifier|+ accusative}}; {{qualifier|also rendered by the bare dative case}} * Irish: {{t-|ga|do|xs=Irish}} {{trans-mid}} * Latin: {{qualifier|rendered by the bare dative case}} * [[Scots]]: {{tø|sco|tae|xs=Scots}} * [[Scottish Gaelic]]: {{t-|gd|do|xs=Scottish Gaelic}}, {{t-|gd|gu|xs=Scottish Gaelic}}, {{t-|gd|ri|xs=Scottish Gaelic}} * [[Telugu]]: {{t|te|-కి|sc=Telu}} (ki), {{t|te|-కు|sc=Telu}} (ku) {{trans-bottom}} ====See also==== * [[at]] ===Adverb=== {{en-adv|-}} # {{misspelling of|too}} # Toward a closed, touching or engaging position. #: ''Please would you push the door '''to'''.'' ====Synonyms==== * (''toward a closed, touching or engaging position''): [[closed]], [[shut]] ====Antonyms==== * (''toward a closed, touching or engaging position''): [[open]], [[ajar]] ====See also==== * [[come to]] * [[heave to]] * [[lean-to]] * [[set-to]] * [[to and fro]] {{seeCites}} [[Category:100 English basic words]] [[Category:English two-letter words]] ---- ==Czech== ===Pronunciation=== * {{audio|Cs-to.ogg|audio}} ===Pronoun=== {{infl|cs|pronoun|g=n}} # [[it]], [[that]] ---- ==Danish== ===Pronunciation=== * {{IPA|/toː/|[tˢoːˀ]|lang=da}} ===Cardinal number=== {{infl|da|cardinal number}} # {{cardinal|lang=da}} [[two]] ===Verb=== {{da-verb|to|to|tor|toede|har|toet}} # {{dated|lang=da}} [[wash]] ---- ==Ewe== ===Noun=== '''to''' # [[antelope]] # [[ear]] # [[father-in-law]] # [[mortar]] # [[mountain]] ===Verb=== '''to''' # to [[crush]] # to [[pound]] [[Category:Ewe nouns]] [[Category:Ewe verbs]] [[Category:ee:Anatomy]] [[Category:ee:Family]] [[Category:ee:Mammals]] ---- ==Finnish== ==={{abbreviation|Finnish}}=== '''to''' (''from'' '''[[torstai]]''') # [[Thursday]] ---- ==Ido== ===Pronoun=== {{infl|io|pronoun}} # (''demonstrative'') [[this]] ([[thing]]) ---- ==Japanese== ===Particle=== {{ja-pos|r|particle|hira=と}} # [[and]]; [[with]] # (used after certain nouns, forms an adverb) # [[if]] # [[when]] ===Noun=== {{ja-noun|r|hira=と}} # {{ja-def|戸}} Japanese-style [[door]] # {{ja-def|都}} [[metropolis]] ---- ==Lojban== ===Particle=== '''to''', in selma'o [[to]] # Marks the start of a [[parenthetical]] clause or phrase, which is ended by [[toi]]. ====Related terms==== * [[to'i]] ---- ==Norwegian== ===Cardinal number=== '''to''' # {{cardinal|lang=no}} [[two]] [[Category:no:Cardinal numbers]] ---- ==Polish== ===Etymology=== From {{proto|Slavic|to|lang=pl}} < {{proto|Indo-European|tód|lang=pl}} ===Pronunciation=== * {{IPA|/t̪ɔ/|lang=pl}} ===Pronoun=== {{infl|pl|pronoun|g=n}} # {{context|demonstrative}} [[this]] (nearby, neuter) ====Declension==== {{pl-decl-noun |to|[[te#Polish|te]] |[[tego#Polish|tego]]|[[tych#Polish|tych]] |[[temu#Polish|temu]]|[[tym#Polish|tym]] |to|[[te#Polish|te]] |[[tym#Polish|tym]]|[[tymi#Polish|tymi]] |[[tym#Polish|tym]]|[[tych#Polish|tych]] |–|– }} ===See also=== * [[ta#Polish|ta]] {{f}} * [[ten#Polish|ten]] {{m}} ---- ==Slovene== ===Pronoun=== {{infl|sl|pronoun|g=n}} # {{context|demonstrative}} [[this]] ---- ==Vietnamese== ===Adjective=== '''to''' # [[big]], [[large]] # [[great]], [[considerable]] [[Category:Vietnamese adjectives]] [[af:to]] [[ar:to]] [[cs:to]] [[da:to]] [[de:to]] [[et:to]] [[el:to]] [[es:to]] [[eo:to]] [[fr:to]] [[gl:to]] [[ko:to]] [[hy:to]] [[hr:to]] [[io:to]] [[is:to]] [[it:to]] [[kl:to]] [[kk:to]] [[sw:to]] [[ku:to]] [[lo:to]] [[la:to]] [[lt:to]] [[li:to]] [[hu:to]] [[nl:to]] [[ja:to]] [[no:to]] [[nn:to]] [[pl:to]] [[pt:to]] [[ru:to]] [[sg:to]] [[simple:to]] [[sl:to]] [[fi:to]] [[sv:to]] [[ta:to]] [[te:to]] [[th:to]] [[tr:to]] [[uk:to]] [[vi:to]] [[vo:to]] [[zh:to]]