abate
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English [edit]
Pronunciation [edit]
Etymology 1 [edit]
From Middle English abaten, (borrowed) Old French abatre (“to beat down”), from Late Latin abbatto, from ab- (“away”) + batto, from Latin battuere (“to beat”). Cognates: French abattre
Verb [edit]
abate (third-person singular simple present abates, present participle abating, simple past and past participle abated)
- (transitive, obsolete) To put an end to; To cause to cease. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).][1]
- (transitive, law, only) To put an end to; To cause to cease. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).][1]
- to abate a nuisance
- (intransitive) To become null and void. [First attested in the late 15th century.][1]
- The writ has abated.
- (transitive, law) To nullify; make void. [First attested in the late 15th century.][1]
- to abate a writ
- (transitive, obsolete) To humble; to lower in status; to bring someone down physically or mentally. [Attested from around (1150 to 1350) until the mid 17th century.][1]
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- The hyer that they were in this present lyf, the moore shulle they be abated and defouled in helle.
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- (intransitive, obsolete) To be humbled; to be brought down physically or mentally. [Attested from around (1150 to 1350) until the mid 17th century.][1]
- (transitive, obsolete) To curtail; to deprive. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid 19th century.][1]
- Order restrictions and prohibitions to abate an emergency situation.
- 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, II.ii:
- She hath abated me of half my train.
- (transitive) To reduce in amount, size, or value. [First attested in 1325][2][1]
- Legacies are liable to be abated entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of assets.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible (Authorized Version), Deuteronomy 34:7
- His eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.
- (intransitive) To decrease in size, value, or amount. [First attested in 1325][2]
- (transitive) To moderate; to lessen in force, intensity, to subside. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).][1]
- 1597, Francis Bacon, Essays or Counsels, Civil and Morall:
- Not that they feel it so, but only to abate the edge of envy.
- 1855, Thomas Babington Macaulay, History of England from the Accession of James II, Part 3, page 267:
- The fury of Glengarry […] rapidly abated.
- 1597, Francis Bacon, Essays or Counsels, Civil and Morall:
- (intransitive) To decrease in intensity or force; to subside. [First attested from around (1150 to 1350).][1]
- c. 1719, Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe:
- […] in the morning, the wind having abated overnight, the sea was calm, […]
- c. 1719, Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe:
- (transitive) To deduct or omit. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).][1]
- We will abate this price from the total.
- 1845, Thomas Fuller, The Church History of Britain, Volume 3, page 100:
- Allowing nine thousand parishes (abating the odd hundreds) in England and Wales […]
- (transitive) To bar or except. [First attested in the late 16th century.][1]
- Samuel Johnson
- Abating his brutality, he was a very good master.
- Samuel Johnson
- (transitive) To cut away or hammer down, in such a way as to leave a figure in relief, as a sculpture, or in metalwork.
- (transitive, obsolete) To dull the edge or point of; to blunt. [Attested from the mid 16th century until the late 17th century.][1]
- (transitive, archaic) To destroy, or level to the ground. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).][1]
- 1542, Edward Hall, The Union of the Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and York:
- The kynge of Scottes planted his siege before the castell of Norham, and sore abated the walls.
- 1542, Edward Hall, The Union of the Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and York:
Usage notes [edit]
- (to put an end to): This definition is obsolete in the general sense; Only in the legal sense is it still utilized.
Synonyms [edit]
- (bring down or reduce): lessen; diminish; contract; moderate; cut short; decrease
- (diminish in force or intensity): diminish; subside; decline; wane; ebb
- (bring someone down): humble; depress
- (come to naught): fall through; fail
Antonyms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
Related terms [edit]
Translations [edit]
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Etymology 2 [edit]
Verb [edit]
abate (third-person singular simple present abates, present participle abating, simple past and past participle abated)
- (intransitive, law) To enter a tenement without permission after the owner has died and before the heir takes possession. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
Etymology 3 [edit]
- From Middle French abatre (“to throw down”).
Noun [edit]
abate (plural abates)
External links [edit]
- abate at OneLook Dictionary Search
- abate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
Etymology 4 [edit]
- From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbas), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Alternative forms [edit]
Noun [edit]
abate (plural abates)
References [edit]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 2003 [1933], Brown, Lesley editor, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, edition 5th, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-860575-7, page 2:
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2004 [1998], Elliott K. Dobbie; Dunmore, C. William, et al., Barnhart, Robert K. editor, Chambers Dictionary of Etymology, Edinburgh, Scotland: Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, ISBN 0550142304, page 2:
Italian [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbas), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Pronunciation [edit]
Noun [edit]
abate m (plural abati)
Related terms [edit]
Anagrams [edit]
Novial [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbas), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Noun [edit]
abate
Related terms [edit]
Romanian [edit]
Etymology 1 [edit]
From Late Latin abbattere, present active infinitive of abbattō, from Latin battuō.
Verb [edit]
a abate (third-person singular present abate, past participle abătut) 3rd conj.
- to stray (often figuratively in a moral sense), derogate, deviate, divert from, digress
- to change paths, swerve from, wander from
- (reflexive) to stop (going a certain way)
- to dissuade
- to knock down
Conjugation [edit]
| infinitive | a abate | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | abătând | ||||||
| past participle | abătut | ||||||
| number | singular | plural | |||||
| person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | abat | abați | abate | abatem | abateți | abat | |
| imperfect | abăteam | abăteai | abătea | abăteam | abăteați | abăteau | |
| simple perfect | abătui | abătuși | abătu | abăturăm | abăturăți | abătură | |
| pluperfect | abătusem | abătuseși | abătuse | abătuserăm | abătuserăți | abătuseră | |
| subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | să abat | să abați | să abată | să abatem | să abateți | să abată | |
| imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
| affirmative | abate | abateți | |||||
| negative | nu abate | nu abateți | |||||
Synonyms [edit]
Related terms [edit]
Etymology 2 [edit]
From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbas), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Noun [edit]
abate m (plural abați)
Spanish [edit]
Verb [edit]
abate (infinitive abatir)
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present indicative form of abatir.
- Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of abatir.
Portuguese [edit]
Verb [edit]
abate
- English terms derived from Middle English
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