chromosome

English

Wikipedia

An illustration of chromosome, with its parts. (1) Chromatid. One of the two identical parts of the chromosome after S phase. (2) Centromere. The point where the two chromatids touch, and where the microtubules attach. (3) Short arm (4) Long arm.

Etymology

19th century: from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khroma, “colour”) + σῶμα (“body”) (because they are stained under the microscope).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌsəʊm/, SAMPA: /"kr@U.m@%s@Um/
• (US) IPA: /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/, SAMPA: /"kroUm@%soUm/

Noun

chromosome (plural chromosomes)

1. (biology, cytology) A structure in the cell nucleus that contains DNA, histone protein, and other structural proteins.

Derived terms

• chromosomal
• isochromosome
• X chromosome
• Y chromosome

Translations

structure in the cell nucleus

Arabic: كروموسوم (ar) (krumusuum) m. Armenian: քրոմոսոմ (hy) (k’romosom) Asturian: cromosoma (ast) m. Bosnian: hromozom (bs) Chinese: Mandarin: 染色體 (cmn), 染色体 (cmn) (rǎnsètǐ) Czech: chromozom (cs) m. Danish: kromosom (da) Dutch: chromosoom (nl) n. Esperanto: kromosomo (eo) Estonian: kromosoom (et) Finnish: kromosomi (fi) French: chromosome (fr) m. German: Chromosom (de) n. Greek: χρωμόσωμα (el) (khromósoma) n. Hebrew: כרומוזום (he)

Hindi: गुणसूत्र (hi) (guṇasūtra), गुण सूत्र (hi) (guṇa sūtra) Icelandic: litningur (is) m. Indonesian: kromosom (id) Italian: cromosoma (it) m. Japanese: 染色体 (ja) (せんしょくたい, senshokutai) Korean: 염색체 (ko) (yeomsaekchae) (染色體 (ko)) Polish: chromosom (pl) Portuguese: cromossoma m. (Portugal), cromossomo m. (Brazil) Romanian: cromozom (ro) m. Russian: хромосома (ru) (xromosóma) f. Slovak: chromozóm (sk) m. Spanish: cromosoma (es) m. Swedish: kromosom (sv) c. Thai: โครโมโซม (th) (khormosom) Turkish: kromozom (tr) Vietnamese: chất sinh sắt (vi), nhiểm sắc thể (vi)

External links

• chromosome in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• chromosome in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• chromosome at OneLook Dictionary Search

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French

Etymology

19th century: chromo- + -some, from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khroma, “colour”) + σῶμα (“body”) (because they are stained under the microscope).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /kʁɔ.mɔ.zɔm/, X-SAMPA: /kRO.mO.zOm/
• Homophone: chromosomes
• Hyphenation: chro‧mo‧some

Noun

chromosome m. (plural chromosomes)

1. (biology, cytology) chromosome

Derived terms

• chromosomique
• hétérochromosome

Holonyms

• caryotype

Hyponyms

• autosome
• chromoïde
• gonosome

Meronyms

• chromatide