dis-

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents 1 English 1.1 Etymology 1.2 Prefix 1.2.1 Usage notes 1.2.2 Derived terms 1.3 See also 1.3.1 Translations 2 Esperanto 2.1 Prefix 3 Latin 3.1 Alternative forms 3.2 Etymology 3.3 Prefix 3.3.1 Usage notes 3.3.2 Related terms 3.3.3 Descendants 3.4 References

[edit] English

[edit] Etymology

Through Old English, from French des-, from Latin dis-, thought to have come from duus (“‘two’”), with the basic sense of "two ways".

[edit] Prefix

dis-

1. Meaning reversal or removal.

   disassociate

   disarray

2. Meaning apart.

   disconnect

3. (Cleanup of this sense is being sought)⁺: Intensifying.

   disgruntled

[edit] Usage notes

When attached to a verbal root, prefixes often change the first vowel (whether initial or preceded by a consonant/consonant cluster) of that verb. These phonological changes took place in Latin and usually do not apply to words created (as in Modern Latin) from Latin components since Latin became a 'dead' language. Note: the combination of prefix and following vowel did not always yield the same change. (see examples below at con- + -a-) Also, these changes in vowels are not necessarily particular to being prefixed with dis- (i.e. other prefixes sometimes cause the same vowel change- see con-, ex-).

[edit] Derived terms

[edit] See also

• de-
• un-
• di-
• dif-

[edit] Translations

NOTE: Words using the prefix dis- do not necessarily use the prefixes given here when translated. See individual words for more accurate translations.

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[edit] Esperanto

[edit] Prefix

dis-

1. shows separation, dissemination, e.g. semi sow, dissemi disseminate ; ŝiri tear, disŝiri tear to pieces.

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[edit] Latin

[edit] Alternative forms

• dī-
• dif-
• dir-

[edit] Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dwis. Cognates include Ancient Greek δίς (dis) and Sanskrit द्वीह् (dvíḥ).

[edit] Prefix

dis-

1. asunder, apart, in two

   dīmittō — "dismiss, disband"

   discēdō — "part, separate"

2. reversal, removal

   dissimulō — "disguise, conceal"

3. utterly, exceedingly

   differtus — "stuffed full"

[edit] Usage notes

The spelling changes to di- before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, and v, and it changes to dif- before f. When prefixed to a word beginning with consonantal i, the spelling may be dis- or di-.

[edit] Related terms

• bis
• duo

[edit] Descendants

• English: dis-
• Esperanto: dis-

[edit] References

• “dis-” in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary (Oxford: Clarendon Press)