dis-

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English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English dis-, borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. Not, the reverse of. (Especially forming words with a negative connotation)
    Synonyms: un-, non-, de-, in-, an-, a-
    dis- + ‎agree → ‎disagree
    dis- + ‎connect → ‎disconnect
    dis- + ‎satisfied → ‎dissatisfied
    dis- + ‎interested → ‎disinterested
    dis- + ‎honour → ‎dishonour
  2. Expressing separation or removal.
    dis- + ‎card → ‎discard (to throw out a card)
    dis- + ‎bar → ‎disbar (to expel from the bar)
    dis- + ‎franchise → ‎disfranchise (to remove one's franchise, to prevent from voting)
  3. Used as an intensifier.
    dis- + ‎embowel → ‎disembowel
    dis- + ‎annul → ‎disannul (to annul)
  4. Alternative form of dys- (incorrect)
    dis- + ‎function → ‎disfunction

Usage notes[edit]

  • When attached to a verbal root, prefixes often change the first vowel (whether initial or preceded by a consonant/consonant cluster) of that verb. These phonological changes took place in Latin and usually do not apply to words created (as in New Latin) from Latin components since Latin became a 'dead' language. Note: the combination of prefix and following vowel did not always yield the same change. (see examples below at con- + -a-) Also, these changes in vowels are not necessarily particular to being prefixed with dis- (i.e. other prefixes sometimes cause the same vowel change- see con-, ex-).

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

NOTE: Words using the prefix dis- do not necessarily use the prefixes given here when translated. See individual words for more accurate translations.

See also[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Catalan[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-).

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dys- (bad)
    disfàsiadysphasia

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. indicates negation
    dis- + ‎sort (luck) → ‎dissort (misfortune)
Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Ultimately from Latin dis-.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /dɪs/
  • (file)

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis-

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. shows separation, dissemination, e.g. semi (sow) > dissemi (disseminate) ; ŝiri (tear) > disŝiri (tear to pieces).

Derived terms[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited dé-.

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis-

Derived terms[edit]

Friulian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis-
    dis- + ‎sglonfâ (to inflate) → ‎disglonfâ (to deflate)
    dis- + ‎florî (to bloom) → ‎disflorî (to wither)
  2. as intensifier
    dis- + ‎sfidâ (to challenge) → ‎disfidâ (to compete)
    dis- + ‎scuvierzi (to discover, to uncover) → ‎discuvierzi (to find out, to unveil)

Derived terms[edit]

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

dis-

  1. Romanization of 𐌳𐌹𐍃-

Ido[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Esperanto dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. shows separation or dissemination

Derived terms[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [dɪs]
  • Hyphenation: dis

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis- (reversal, removal; apart)

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Irish[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. Alternative form of dios-

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dis- dhis- ndis-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis-
    dis- + ‎fare (do) → ‎disfare (undo)
    dis- + ‎organizzare (organize) → ‎disorganizzare (disorganize)

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *dwis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognate with Ancient Greek δίς (dís), Sanskrit द्विस् (dvis). Doublet of bis.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. asunder, apart, in two
    mittōdismiss, disband
    discēdōpart, separate
  2. reversal, removal
    dissimulōdisguise, conceal
  3. utterly, exceedingly
    differtusstuffed full

Usage notes[edit]

  • Before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st and v, the prefix becomes dī-.
  • Before f, the prefix becomes dif-.
  • Before a consonantal i, the prefix may become dī- or remain as dis-.
  • Before a vowel or h, the prefix becomes dir- in the two verbs diribeō and dirimō, which arose early enough to be subject to rhotacism, but from Classical Latin onwards, dis- is used (see, for example, dishiascō in Cato).

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Old French des- and its source Latin dis-.

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. Forms words denoting reversal or removal; dis-, de-.
    Synonym: de-
  2. Intensifies words with a negative connotation; dis-, de-.
    Synonym: de-

Usage notes[edit]

  • Sometimes used interchangeably with de-; see that entry for more.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis- (indicates separation)
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from New Latin dys-, from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, bad, hard).

Alternative forms[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. (medicine) dys- (forms the names of conditions characterised by difficult or inadequate function)
  2. dys- (bad or wrong)

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. dis-

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

dis-

  1. intensifying prefix
    dis- + ‎taw (quiet, silent) → ‎distaw (silent, noiseless)
    dis- + ‎pwyll (consideration) → ‎disbwyll (discretion, prudence)
  2. negative prefix
    Synonyms: af-, an-, di-
    dis- + ‎cloff (lame) → ‎disgloff (sure footed, agile)

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
dis- ddis- nis- unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.