du

See also Appendix:Variations of "du"

Amanab

Noun

du

1. a kind of bird

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Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dubu- (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdyː/

Adjective

du

1. black
2. swollen
3. starved

Noun

du m.

1. black

Mutation

Breton consonant mutation
	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed
singular	du	zu	unchanged	tu	tu
plural	[[d{{{3}}}]]	[[z{{{3}}}]]	unchanged	[[t{{{3}}}]]	[[t{{{3}}}]]

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Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dubu- (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”).

Adjective

du

1. black

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Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /du/, [d̥u]

Pronoun

du (objective dig)

1. (personal) you (2nd person singular subject pronoun, informal)

See also

Danish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Inflection	Nominative	Accusative	Possessive	Reflexive	Reflexive possessive
Singular	First	common	jeg	mig	min
		neuter			mit
		plural			mine
	Second	common	du	dig	din
		neuter			dit
		plural			dine
		polite form	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	masculine	han	ham	hans	sig	sin
		feminine	hun	hende	hendes
		common	den	den	dens
		neuter	det	det	dets		sit
		plural					sine
Plural	First	—	vi	os	vores
		common			vor
		neuter			vort
		plural			vore
	Second	–	I	jer	jeres
		polite form	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres	sig

Etymology 2

From Old Norse duga.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /duː/, [d̥uːˀ]

Verb

du (imperative du, present dur or duer, past duede, past participle duet)

1. be good
2. be fit

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Dena'ina

Particle

du

1. interrogative particle (placed at the end of the sentence to make a question)

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Esperanto

Esperanto cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3   >
Cardinal : du     Ordinal : dua     Adverbial : due     Multiplier : duobla

Etymology

Latin duo or Lithuanian du

Pronunciation

• IPA: /du/

Cardinal number

du

1. (cardinal) two (2)

Derived terms

• duo

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French

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA: /dy/
• Homophone: dû

Contraction

du

1. contraction of de + le (of the).
2. contraction of de + le, forms the partitive article.

   The partitive article signifies "some", but it often is not translated in English, Dutch, or German.

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German

Alternative forms

• Du

Etymology

From Old High German du, akin to Old Saxon thu and English thou.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /duː/

• audio

  (file)

Pronoun

du

1. (personal) you (sg., informal, friends, relatives).

Inflection

• Nominative: du
• Accusative: dich
• Dative: dir
• Genitive: deiner

The genitive case deiner is more and more rarely used in modern German.

• While the genitive of personal pronouns does express ownership, it must not be confused with possessive pronouns. While possessive pronouns such as dein are put in front of the noun they relate to and follow the inflection rules of adjectives, the genitive form of personal pronouns only has got one from, which is not further inflected. Additionally, personal pronouns in Genitive can be put after the word they relate to.

Derived terms

• duzen

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Gothic

Romanization

du

1. Romanization of 𐌳𐌿

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Ido

Cardinal number

du

1. (cardinal) two (2)

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Kurdish

Cardinal number

du

1. (cardinal) two (2)

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Lithuanian

Cardinal number

du m. (feminine dvi)

1. (cardinal) two (2)

Declension

    declension of du

	masculine		feminine
nominative	du		dvi
genitive	dviejų		dviejų
dative	dviem		dviem
accusative	du		dvi
instrumental	dviem		dviem
locative	dviejuose		dviejose

    forms of du

	masculine		feminine
quantitative	du		dvi
plural	dveji		dvejos
collective	dvejetas		dvejeta
ordinal	antras		antra

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Lojban

Etymology

Derived from dunli.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdu/

Cmavo

du

1. (identity selbri) x₁ equals x₂, x₃, x₄, ...

   li pa su'i vo du li mu

   one plus four equals five

See also

• dunli

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Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronoun

du

1. second-person singular, nominative: you

   Wéi al bass du? — How old are you?

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns

	nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.
1st person singular	ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	mech
2nd person singular (informal)	du	de	dech	—	dir	der	dech
2nd person singular (formal)	Dir	—	Iech	—	Iech	—	Iech
3rd person singular (m)	hien	en	en	—	him	em	sech
3rd person singular (f)	si / hatt	se / et	si / hatt	se / et	hir / him	— / em	sech
3rd person singular (n)	et	't	et	't	him	em	sech
1st person plural	mir	mer	eis / ons	—	eis / ons	—	eis / ons
2nd person plural	dir	der	iech	—	iech	—	iech
3rd person plural	si	—	si	—	hinnen	–	sech

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Mandarin

Romanization

du

1. Nonstandard spelling of dū.
2. Nonstandard spelling of dú.
3. Nonstandard spelling of dǔ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of dù.

Usage notes

English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch thū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dyː/, /dy/
• (Limburg) IPA: /duː/, /du/

Pronoun

du

1. thou, you (singular, informal)

Declension

Middle Dutch personal pronouns

	singular					plural
	1st	2nd	3rd			1st	2nd	3rd
			masc.	fem.	neut.
nominative	ic	du	hi	si	het	wi	ghi	si
accusative	mi	di	hem, hen	haer		ons	u	hem, hen
dative					hem, hen
genitive	mijn	dijn	sijn	haer	sijn	onse	uwe	haer

Usage notes

This pronoun began to be replaced by ghi in formal address during the Middle Dutch period, and eventually fell out of use altogether.

Synonyms

• ghi

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Norman

Noun

du

1. duke

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Norwegian

Etymology

From Old Norse þú.

Pronoun

du (accusative deg)

1. you (familiar sg)

References

• “du” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary – Dokumentasjonsprosjektet.

See also

    Personal pronouns in Bokmål

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive/Possessive pronoun
Singular
First person	jeg	meg	min m.
Second person	du	deg	din m.
Third person m.	han	han/ham	hans
Third person f.	hun	henne	hennes
Third person n.	det	det	dets
Third person, nonhuman m./f.	den	den	dens
Plural
First person	vi	oss	vår m.
Second person	dere	dere	deres
Third person	de	dem	deres

    Personal pronouns in Nynorsk

	Nominative	Objective case	Genitive/Possessive pronoun
Singular
First person	eg	meg	min m.
Second person	du	deg	din m.
Third person m.	han	han, honom	hans
Third person f.	ho	ho, henne	hennar
Third person n.	det, dat†	det, dat†	dess (rare, literary)
Plural
First person	me, vi	oss	vår m.
Second person	de	dykk	dykkar
Third person	dei	dei, deim†	deira

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Old French

Alternative forms

• del

Contraction

du

1. contraction of de + le (of the)

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Old High German

Etymology

Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þu, Old Norse þú.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /du/

Pronoun

du

1. you (sing.)

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Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA: [du]

Verb

du

1. second-person singular imperative form of duce.

   Du-te acasă.

   Go home.

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA: /dʉ/

Pronoun

du

1. (personal) you (familiar sg.).
2. (personal) thou.

Usage notes

While du is the traditionally familiar mode of address, it is since the early '70s the standard in almost all circumstances, possibly capitalized in formal communications. Recently, use of the second-person plural pronoun ni as a less familiar (and thus more formal) pronoun has appeared to some extent, but mainly amongst shopkeepers towards the customers.

The same pronoun ni has also been used historically as a formal way of address, but its use has (in particular in Sweden, not so much in Swedish-speaking parts of Finland) been restricted to addressing people of lower social status, whereby a plethora of different constructions were employed as to avoid the issue of pronouns whatsoever. See also the article about T-V distinction in Wikipedia.

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns

	subject	object	possessive
singular	full	full	common	neuter	plural
1st person	jag	mig	min	mitt	mina
2nd person	du	dig	din	ditt	dina
3rd person masculine	han	honom	hans
3rd person feminine	hon	henne	hennes
3rd person common	den	den	dess
3rd person neuter	det	det	dess
3rd person indefinite	man	en	ens
3rd person reflexive	—	sig	sin	sitt	sina
plural
1st person	vi	oss	vår	vårt	våra
2nd person	ni	er	er	ert	era
3rd person	de	dem	deras
3rd person reflexive	—	sig	sin	sitt	sina

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Venetian

Etymology

Compare Italian due

Cardinal number

du m.

1. two

Synonyms

• dó

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Vietnamese

Verb

du

1. walk

Derived terms

• du lịch

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Welsh

Adjective

du (formal plural duon, comparative duach, superlative duaf)

1. black

   Mae ganddo fo fwstash du - He has a black mustache

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
du	ddu	nu	unchanged