ex-

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See also: ex, Ex, ex., and -ex

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English, from words borrowed from Middle French; from Latin ex (out of, from), from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ-, *eǵs- (out), *eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, out of, from), Transalpine Gaulish ex- (out), Old Irish ess- (out), Old Church Slavonic изъ (izŭ, out), Russian из (iz, from, out of).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (hyphened always) /ɛks/
  • IPA(key): (unhyphened with primary or secondary stress) /ɛks/, (before a vowel) /ɛɡz/
  • IPA(key): (unhyphened unstressed) /ɪks/, (before a vowel) /ɪɡz/

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. out of
    borrowed from Latin: extract, expel, except, expression, exclusion
  2. outside
    ex-directory; borrowed from Latin: exterior
  3. former
    ex-husband, ex-president, ex-wife
    • 1969 December 7, “Full Frontal Nudity”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus[1], season 1, episode 8, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese), Dead Parrot sketch:
      This parrot is no more. It has ceased to be. It's expired and gone to see its maker. This is a late parrot. It's a stiff. Bereft of life, it rests in peace. If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies. It's run down the curtain and joined the choir invisible. This is an ex-parrot.
  4. (biology) Lacking, not possessing.
    excaudate, exstipulate

Usage notes[edit]

  • Sometimes the x in ex- is elided before certain constants, being reduced to e- (as, e.g., in ejaculate and egregious which are borrowed from Latin).
  • Words derived from ex- in the sense of former are usually formed with a hyphen. Using hyphen is recommended by GPO manual.[1]

Synonyms[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Derived words without entries:

  • ex-actor
  • ex-athlete
  • ex-Beatle
  • ex-boss
  • ex-CEO
  • ex-CFO
  • ex-Christian
  • ex-colleague
  • ex-consul
  • ex-councillor
  • ex-Czar
  • ex-dictator
  • ex-director
  • ex-doctor
  • ex-drummer
  • ex-emperor
  • ex-employee
  • ex-fighter
  • ex-fighter pilot
  • ex-friend
  • ex-governor
  • ex-guitarist
  • ex-Hindu
  • ex-Jesuit
  • ex-Jew
  • ex-Jewish
  • ex-judge
  • ex-Kaiser
  • ex-lover
  • ex-manager
  • ex-mayor
  • ex-minister
  • ex-Muslim
  • ex-official
  • ex-organ grinder
  • ex-piano player
  • ex-pilot
  • ex-policeman
  • ex-police officer
  • ex-praetor
  • ex-priest
  • ex-programmer
  • ex-scientist
  • ex-Scientologist
  • ex-senator
  • ex-sergeant
  • ex-soldier
  • ex-statistician
  • ex-student

Translations[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ 6. Compounding Rules in U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, govinfo.gov

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Czech[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • ex- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French ex-, from Latin ex-.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ɛks/
  • (file)

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former, but still living)

Derived terms[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

< English ex-

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈeks/, [ˈe̞ks̠]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. (informal) ex- (former)
    ex-aviomiesex-husband
    ex-pomoex-boss

Synonyms[edit]

French[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)
    ex- + ‎femme → ‎ex-femme

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)
  2. ex- (out)

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • ex-” in Duden online

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • ex- in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Italian[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex-

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • ē- (before b, d, g, j, l, m, n, r, or v)
  • ec-, ef- (before f)

Etymology[edit]

The preposition ex, ē used in combination.

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. out, away
    ē- + ‎veniō → ‎ēveniō
    ex- + ‎clāmō (call, shout) → ‎exclāmō (call out, exclaim)
    ex- + ‎ (go) → ‎exeō (exit, depart)
  2. throughout
    ē- + ‎dormiō → ‎ēdormiō
    ē- + ‎pōtō (drink) → ‎ēpōtō (drink up)
  3. (intensive) thoroughly
    ē- + ‎dūrus → ‎ēdūrō
    ex- + ‎acuō → ‎exacuō
  4. denoting achievement
    ex- + ‎ōrō → ‎exōrō
    ex- + ‎pugnō (battle, fight, combat) → ‎expugnō (capture, conquer)
  5. up
    ex- + ‎aggerō → ‎exaggerō
    ex- + ‎struō (pile, arrange) → ‎exstruō (heap up, build up, construct)
  6. denoting privation
    ex- + ‎anima (air, breath, soul, life) → ‎exanimō (deprive of air, deprive of life)
    ex- + ‎sanguis (blood) → ‎exsanguis (deprived of blood, bloodless)

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • French: é-
  • Italian: s-, es-
  • Old Occitan:
  • Portuguese: es-, ex-
  • Sicilian: s- (before consonant), sc- (before vowel)
  • Spanish: es-

References[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. privation
    ef- + ‎flouren → ‎efflouren

Derived terms[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin ex.

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)

Usage notes[edit]

Always used with a hyphen.

Derived terms[edit]

Slovak[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)

Derived terms[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin ex.

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex- (former)

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Prefix[edit]

ex-

  1. ex-, former, past

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]