fall
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[edit] English
[edit] Etymology
From Middle English fallen, from Old English feallan (“to fall, fail, decay, die, attack”), from Proto-Germanic *fallanan (“to fall”), from Proto-Indo-European *pōl-, *spōl- (“to fall”). Cognate with West Frisian falle (“to fall”), Dutch vallen (“to fall”), German fallen (“to fall”), Icelandic falla (“to fall”), Lithuanian pùlti, Ancient Greek σφάλλω (sphállō, “bring down, destroy, cause to stumble, deceive”).
[edit] Pronunciation
- (UK) enPR: fôl, IPA: /fɔːl/, SAMPA: /fO:l/
- (US) enPR: fôl, IPA: /fɔl/, SAMPA: /fOl/
- (cot–caught merger) enPR: fäl, IPA: /fɑl/, SAMPA: /fAl/
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Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɔːl
[edit] Verb
fall (third-person singular simple present falls, present participle falling, simple past fell or (in archaic sense only) felled, past participle fallen or (in archaic sense only) felled)
- (intransitive) To move to a lower position under the effect of gravity.
- Thrown from a cliff, the stone fell 100 feet before hitting the ground.
- (intransitive) To come down, to drop or descend.
- The rain fell at dawn.
- (intransitive) To come to the ground deliberately, to prostrate oneself.
- He fell to the floor and begged for mercy.
- (intransitive) To be brought to the ground.
- (intransitive) To collapse; to be overthrown or defeated.
- Rome fell to the Goths in 410 AD.
- (intransitive, formal, euphemistic) To die, especially in battle.
- This is a monument to all those who fell in the First World War.
- (transitive) To be allotted to; to arrive through chance or fate.
- And so it falls to me to make this important decision.
- (intransitive) To become lower (in quantity, pitch, etc).
- The candidate's poll ratings fell abruptly after the banking scandal.
- (intransitive, followed by a determining word or phrase) To become; to be affected by or befallen with a calamity; to change into the state described by words following; to become prostrated literally or figuratively (see Usage notes below).
- Our senator fell into disrepute because of the banking scandal.
- (copulative) To become.
- She has fallen ill.
- (Can we verify(+) this sense?) (transitive, archaic) To cause something to descend to the ground (to drop it); especially to cause a tree to descend to the ground by cutting it down (felling it).
- circa 1591, William Shake-ſpeare, The Tragedie of King Richard the third, Andrew Wiſe (publisher, 1598 — second quarto), Act V, Scene 3:
- Ghoaſt [of Clarence]. […] / To morrow in the battaile thinke on me, / And fall thy edgeleſſe ſword, diſpaire and die.
- circa 1591, William Shake-ſpeare, The Tragedie of King Richard the third, Andrew Wiſe (publisher, 1598 — second quarto), Act V, Scene 3:
[edit] Usage notes
- The sense "to become" is now only used in certain set phrases and expressions; see Derived terms below.
[edit] Synonyms
- (move to a lower position under the effect of gravity): drop, plummet, plunge
- (come down): come down, descend, drop
- (come to the ground deliberately): drop, lower oneself, prostrate oneself
- (be brought to the ground):
- (collapse; be overthrown or defeated): be beaten by, be defeated by, be overthrown by, be smitten by, be vanquished by,
- (die): die
- (be allotted to): be the responsibility of, be up to
- (become lower (in quantity, pitch, etc)): dip, drop
- (become): become, get
- (cause (something) to descend to the ground): cut down (of a tree), fell, knock down, knock over, strike down
[edit] Antonyms
- (come down): ascend, go up, rise
- (come to the ground deliberately): get up, pick oneself up, stand up
- (collapse; be overthrown or defeated): beat, defeat, overthrow, smite, vanquish
- (become lower (in quantity, pitch, etc)): rise
[edit] Derived terms
[edit] Related terms
[edit] Translations
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[edit] Noun
fall (plural falls)
- The act of moving in a fluid or vacuum under the effect of gravity to a lower position.
- A reduction in quantity, pitch, etc.
- (chiefly North America, obsolete elsewhere, from the falling of leaves during this season) autumn.
- A loss of greatness or status.
- the fall of Rome
- (cricket, of a wicket) The action of a batsman being out.
- (curling) A defect in the ice which causes stones thrown into an area to drift in a given direction
- (informal, US) Blame or punishment for a failure or misdeed.
- He set up his rival to take the fall.
- The part of the rope of a tackle to which the power is applied in hoisting.
- See falls
[edit] Synonyms
- (act of moving under the effect of gravity from a point to a lower point): descent, drop
- (reduction): decrease, dip, drop, lowering, reduction
- (season): autumn
- (loss of greatness or status): downfall
- (blame; punishment): rap
[edit] Antonyms
- (act of moving under the effect of gravity from a point to a lower point): ascent, rise
- (reduction): increase, rise
- (loss of greatness or status): ascent, rise
[edit] Derived terms
[edit] Related terms
[edit] Translations
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
[edit] See also
[edit] Statistics
[edit] Albanian
[edit] Etymology
From Arabic
[edit] Noun
fall
[edit] Breton
[edit] Adjective
fall
[edit] Faroese
[edit] Pronunciation
- IPA: [fadl]
[edit] Noun
fall n.
[edit] Declension
| n10 | Singular | Plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | fall | fallið | føll | føllini |
| Accusative | fall | fallið | føll | føllini |
| Dative | falli | fallinum | føllum | føllunum |
| Genitive | fals | falsins | falla | fallanna |
[edit] German
[edit] Pronunciation
- IPA: /fal/
[edit] Verb
fall
- Imperative singular of fallen.
- (colloquial) First-person singular present of fallen.
[edit] Icelandic
[edit] Etymology
From Old Norse fall, from falla (“to fall”). The grammatical sense is a calque of Latin casus.
[edit] Pronunciation
[edit] Noun
fall n. (genitive singular falls, plural föll)
- fall, drop
- (grammar) case
- (computing, programming) function; (subprogram, usually with formal parameters, returing a data value when called)
[edit] Declension
[edit] Derived terms
- áhrifsfall
- ávarpsfall
- bylgjufall
- deildarfall
- eignarfall
- fjarverufall
- íferðarfall
- íverufall
- nefnifall
- nærverufall
- samvistarfall
- staðarfall
- sviftifall
- tilgangsfall
- tækisfall
- úrferðarfall
- verufall
- þágufall
- þolfall
[edit] See also
- falla v
[edit] Synonyms
- (function): fallstefja
[edit] Swedish
[edit] Noun
fall n.
- a fall (the act of falling)
- a fall, loss of greatness or wealth, a bankruptcy
- a slope, a waterfall, the height of a slope or waterfall
- fallet är omgivet av skog
- the fall is surrounded by forest
- fallet är sjutton meter
- the water falls seventeen metres; the decline is seventeen metres
- fallet är omgivet av skog
- a (legal) case
- i alla fall
- anyhow (in all cases)
- i annat fall
- otherwise (in another case)
- i så fall
- if so (in such a case)
- i vilket fall som helst
- in any case
- i alla fall
[edit] Declension
[edit] Related terms
[edit] Verb
fall
- imperative of falla.
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English verbs
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- English euphemisms
- English copulative verbs
- English archaic terms
- English nouns
- North American English
- en:Cricket
- en:Curling
- English informal terms
- American English
- 1000 English basic words
- English ergative verbs
- English irregular verbs
- en:Seasons
- Albanian nouns
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- fo:Grammar
- German verb forms
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- English colloquialisms
- German verb first-person forms
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- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
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- is:Grammar
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