gan
Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary
Contents |
[edit] English
[edit] Pronunciation
- IPA: /gæn/
[edit] Etymology
From Old English gān (“‘to go’”).
[edit] Verb
|
Infinitive |
Third person singular |
Simple past |
Past participle |
Present participle |
to gan (third-person singular simple present gans, present participle gannin, simple past went, past participle gone)
[edit] References
- The New Geordie Dictionary, Frank Graham, 1987, ISBN 0946928118
- Newcastle 1970s, Scott Dobson and Dick Irwin, [1]
- Todd's Geordie Words and Phrases, George Todd, Newcastle, 1977[2]
- A List of words and phrases in everyday use by the natives of Hetton-le-Hole in the County of Durham, F.M.T.Palgrave, English Dialect Society vol.74, 1896, [3]
- Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893-4[4]
- A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, ISBN 1904794165
[edit] Irish
[edit] Etymology
From Old Irish cen (“‘besides; without’”) < Proto-Celtic *kina (“‘besides’”); cf. Welsh am-gen (“‘otherwise’”), Breton ken (“‘otherwise’”).
[edit] Pronunciation
[edit] Preposition
gan
[edit] Usage notes
Triggers lenition of b, c, g, m, p on unmodified nouns, e.g. gan phingin "without a penny". Does not trigger lenition on modified nouns, e.g. gan pingin ina phóca "with a penny in his pocket". In the meaning "not", does not trigger lenition on either a verbal noun or on the direct object of the verbal noun, e.g. gan ceannach "not to buy", gan pingin a shaothrú "not to earn a penny".
Unlike most Irish prepositions, gan is followed by the nominative case of nouns, not the dative, and it does not form prepositional pronouns: gan an t-arán "without the bread", gan mé "without me".
[edit] Japanese
[edit] Noun
gan (hiragana がん)
[edit] Korean
[edit] Noun
gan (Revised Romanization of 간, 間, 肝, 姦)
[edit] Kurdish
[edit] Verb
gan (present stem -gê-)
[edit] Noun
gan
[edit] Mandarin
[edit] Pinyin syllable
gan
- A transliteration of any of a number of Chinese characters properly represented as having one of four tones, gān, gán, gǎn, or gàn.
[edit] Usage notes
English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
[edit] Old English
[edit] Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *gǣ-, gai-. The verb was defective in Germanic and may only have existed in the present tense. Cognate with Old Saxon -gan (Dutch gaan), Old High German gan (German gehen), Old Norse gá (Swedish gå).
[edit] Pronunciation
- IPA: /gɑːn/
[edit] Verb
gān
- to go
[edit] Conjugation
| Anomalous | ||
|---|---|---|
| present | singular | plural |
| 1st person | gā | gāþ |
| 2nd person | gǣst | |
| 3rd person | gǣþ | |
| subjunctive | gā | gān |
| preterite | singular | plural |
| 1st person | ēode | ēodon |
| 2nd person | ēodest | |
| 3rd person | ēode | |
| subjunctive | ēode | ēoden |
| imperative | singular | plural |
| gā | gāþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| gangende | (ġe)gān, (ġe)gangen | |
[edit] Descendants
[edit] Scots
[edit] Alternative forms
[edit] Etymology
From the Old English gān (“‘to go’”).
[edit] Verb
tae gan (third-person singular simple present gans, present participle gan, simple past went or wett, past participle been)
[edit] Scottish Gaelic
[edit] Pronoun
gan
- them (direct object)
- A bheil sibh gan creidsinn? - Do you believe them?
[edit] Usage notes
- Before words beginning with b, f, m or p gam is used instead.
[edit] Related terms
[edit] Welsh
[edit] Noun
gan
- Mutated form of can.
[edit] Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| can | gan | nghan | chan |
[edit] Preposition
gan
[edit] Usage notes
See Geiriadur.net for more information.
