gan
Contents |
English [edit]
Etymology 1 [edit]
See gin
Pronunciation [edit]
Verb [edit]
gan
- Simple past of gin.
Etymology 2 [edit]
From Old English gān (“to go”).
Alternative forms [edit]
- gang (eye dialect)
Pronunciation [edit]
- IPA: /ɡæn/
Verb [edit]
gan (third-person singular simple present gans, present participle gannin, simple past went, past participle gone)
References [edit]
- The New Geordie Dictionary, Frank Graham, 1987, ISBN 0946928118
- Newcastle 1970s, Scott Dobson and Dick Irwin, [1]
- Todd's Geordie Words and Phrases, George Todd, Newcastle, 1977[2]
- A List of words and phrases in everyday use by the natives of Hetton-le-Hole in the County of Durham, F.M.T.Palgrave, English Dialect Society vol.74, 1896, [3]
- Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4[4]
- A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, ISBN 1904794165
Anagrams [edit]
Irish [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Old Irish cen (“besides; without”), from Proto-Celtic *kina (“besides”); compare Welsh am-gen (“otherwise”), Breton ken (“otherwise”).
Pronunciation [edit]
Preposition [edit]
gan
Usage notes [edit]
Triggers lenition of b, c, g, m, p on unmodified nouns, e.g. gan phingin "without a penny". Does not trigger lenition on modified nouns, e.g. gan pingin ina phóca "with a penny in his pocket". In the meaning "not", does not trigger lenition on either a verbal noun or on the direct object of the verbal noun, e.g. gan ceannach "not to buy", gan pingin a shaothrú "not to earn a penny".
Unlike most Irish prepositions, gan is followed by the nominative case of nouns, not the dative, and it does not form prepositional pronouns: gan an t-arán "without the bread", gan mé "without me".
Japanese [edit]
Romanization [edit]
gan
- See がん
Kurdish [edit]
Verb [edit]
gan (present stem -gê-)
Noun [edit]
gan gender unspecified
Lojban [edit]
Rafsi [edit]
gan
Low German [edit]
Alternative forms [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Old Saxon gān, from Proto-Germanic *gāną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰēh₁- (“to leave”). Cognate with Dutch gaan, German gehen, English go, West Frisian gean, Danish gå.
Pronunciation [edit]
- IPA: /gɔːn/, gɒːn/
Verb [edit]
gan
- (in some dialects, including Low Prussian) to go
Mandarin [edit]
Romanization [edit]
gan
- Nonstandard spelling of gān.
- Nonstandard spelling of gán.
- Nonstandard spelling of gǎn.
- Nonstandard spelling of gàn.
Usage notes [edit]
English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Old Dutch [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Proto-Germanic *gāną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰēh₁- (“to leave”). Compare Old Saxon gān, Old English gān, Old Frisian gān, Old High German gān, gēn, Old Norse gá.
Verb [edit]
gān
- to go
Conjugation [edit]
| indicative | present | preterite |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | gā | geng |
| 2nd person singular | gest | gengi |
| 3rd person singular | get | geng |
| 1st person plural | gān | gengun |
| 2nd person plural | gāt | gengut |
| 3rd person plural | gānt | gengun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | gā | gengi |
| 2nd person singular | gās(t) | gengis(t) |
| 3rd person singular | gā | gengi |
| 1st person plural | gān | gengin |
| 2nd person plural | gāt | gengit |
| 3rd person plural | gān | gengin |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | gā | |
| plural | gāt | |
| participle | present | past |
| gangandi | gegangon |
Descendants [edit]
Old English [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Proto-Germanic *gāną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰēh₁- (“to leave”). The verb was defective in Germanic and may only have existed in the present tense. Cognate with Old Frisian gān (West Frisian gean), Old Saxon gān (Saxon/Low German gan, gahn), Old Dutch gān (Dutch gaan), Old High German gān, gēn (German gehen), Old Norse gá (Danish and Swedish gå).
Pronunciation [edit]
- IPA: /ɡɑːn/
Verb [edit]
gān (irregular)
- to go
Conjugation [edit]
| indicative | present | preterite |
|---|---|---|
| 1st-person singular | gā | ēode |
| 2nd-person singular | gǣst | ēodest |
| 3rd-person singular | gǣþ | ēode |
| plural | gāþ | ēodon |
| subjunctive | present | preterite |
| singular | gā | ēode |
| plural | gān | ēoden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | gā | |
| plural | gāþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| gangende | gān, (ġe)gangen | |
Descendants [edit]
Old Frisian [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Proto-Germanic *gāną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰēh₁- (“to leave”). Compare Old English gān, Old Saxon gān, Old Dutch gān, Old High German gān, gēn, Old Norse gá.
Verb [edit]
gān
- to go
Conjugation [edit]
| indicative | present | preterite |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | gā | geng |
| 2nd person singular | gēst | gengest |
| 3rd person singular | gēth | geng |
| plural | gāth | gengun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| singular | gāe | genge |
| plural | gāe(n) | genge(n) |
| imperative | ||
| singular | gā | |
| plural | gāth | |
| participle | present | past |
| gānde, gangande | (e)gangen |
Descendants [edit]
- West Frisian: gean
Old Saxon [edit]
Alternative forms [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Proto-Germanic *gāną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰēh₁- (“to leave”). Compare Old English gān, Old Dutch gān, Old Frisian gān, Old High German gān, gēn, Old Norse gá.
Verb [edit]
gān
- to go
Conjugation [edit]
| indicative | present | preterite |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | *gā | geng |
| 2nd person singular | *gēs | gengi |
| 3rd person singular | gēd | geng |
| plural | *gād | gengun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | *gāe | gengi |
| 2nd person singular | *gāes | gengis |
| 3rd person singular | *gāe | gengi |
| plural | *gāen | gengin |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | *gā | |
| plural | *gād | |
| participle | present | past |
| gāndi | (gi)gangan |
Descendants [edit]
Scots [edit]
Alternative forms [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From the Old English gān (“to go”).
Verb [edit]
tae gan (third-person singular simple present gans, present participle gan, simple past went or wett, past participle been)
Scottish Gaelic [edit]
Pronoun [edit]
gan
- them (direct object)
- A bheil sibh gan creidsinn? - Do you believe them?
Usage notes [edit]
- Before words beginning with b, f, m or p gam is used instead.
Related terms [edit]
Turkmen [edit]
Noun [edit]
gan
Vietnamese [edit]
Etymology [edit]
Sino-Vietnamese, from 肝 ("liver")
Noun [edit]
gan
Derived terms [edit]
- gan béo (foie gras)
- gan ngỗng béo (foie gras)
Volapük [edit]
Noun [edit]
gan (plural gans)
- (male or female) goose
Declension [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
- ganablöt
- ganafoad
- ganafoadabastet
- ganalecek
- ganaleplüm
- ganamit
- gananäst
- gananög
- ganapüladil
- ganaskin
- ganigaledan
- ganihigaledan
- ganijigaledan
- ganil
- ganül
- higan
- higanül
- jigan
- jiganül
- nifagan
- nifaganül
- nifahigan
- nifajigan
Related terms [edit]
Welsh [edit]
Noun [edit]
gan
- Mutated form of can.
Mutation [edit]
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| can | gan | nghan | chan |
Preposition [edit]
gan
Usage notes [edit]
See Geiriadur.net for more information.
- English simple past forms
- English terms derived from Old English
- English verbs
- Northumbrian English
- English archaic terms
- Geordie English
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish prepositions
- Japanese romaji
- Kurdish verbs
- Kurdish nouns
- Lojban rafsi
- Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Low German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Low German verbs
- Low Prussian Low German
- Mandarin nonstandard forms
- Mandarin pinyin
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Dutch verbs
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English verbs
- Old English irregular verbs
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Frisian verbs
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon verbs
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots verbs
- Scots present participles
- Scottish Gaelic pronouns
- Turkmen nouns
- Vietnamese terms derived from Sinitic languages
- Vietnamese nouns
- Volapük nouns
- vo:Animals
- vo:Birds
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Welsh prepositions