geal

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English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English gelen, from Old French geler, from Latin gelāre, from gelu. See gelid. Scots jeel, geal.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

geal (third-person singular simple present geals, present participle gealing, simple past and past participle gealed)

  1. (obsolete or Scotland) To congeal.

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish gel, from Proto-Celtic *gelos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ɟal̪ˠ/, /ɟalˠ/

Noun[edit]

geal m (genitive singular gil)

  1. white, bright(ness)

Declension[edit]

Declension of geal

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative geal
Vocative a ghil
Genitive gil
Dative geal

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an geal
Genitive an ghil
Dative leis an ngeal

don gheal

Adjective[edit]

geal (genitive singular masculine gil, genitive singular feminine gile, plural geala, comparative gile)

  1. white
    Synonym: bán
    Tá a craiceann chomh geal le sneachta.
    Her skin is as white as snow.
    • 1894 March, Peadar Mac Fionnlaoigh, “An rí nach robh le fagháil bháis”, in Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge, volume 1:5, Dublin: Gaelic Union, pages 185–88:
      Tháinic sé colmáin gheala isteach ar an dorus, ⁊ shuidh siad ar philéir go robh an tAifrionn thart, ⁊ annsin chuaidh siad amach ar ais.
      Six white doves came into the door, and they sat upon a pillar till Mass was over, and then they went back out.
  2. bright
    • 2015 [2014], Will Collins, translated by Proinsias Mac a' Bhaird, edited by Maura McHugh, Amhrán na Mara (fiction; paperback), Kilkenny, County Kilkenny, Howth, Dublin: Cartoon Saloon; Coiscéim, translation of Song of the Sea (in English), →ISBN, page 1:
      Thuas i dteach an tsolais, faoi réaltaí geala, canann Bronach Amhrán na Mara dá mac Ben atá cúig bliana d'aois.
      [original: Up in the lighthouse, under bright stars, Bronach sings the Song of the Sea to her five-year-old son, Ben.]
  3. clear
  4. (literary) fallow
  5. (figuratively) bright, pure; glad, happy; dear, beloved, fond

Declension[edit]

Declension of geal
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative geal gheal geala;
gheala²
Vocative ghil geala
Genitive gile geala geal
Dative geal;
gheal¹ 		gheal;
ghil (archaic) 		geala;
gheala²
Comparative níos gile
Superlative is gile

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms[edit]

Verb[edit]

geal (present analytic gealann, future analytic gealfaidh, verbal noun gealadh, past participle gealta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to whiten, brighten; clear
    Gheal an spéir.
    The sky cleared.
  2. (transitive, intransitive, figurative) to make or become glad, happy, fond

Conjugation[edit]

conjugation of geal (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present gealaim gealann tú;
gealair† 		gealann sé, sí gealaimid gealann sibh gealann siad;
gealaid† 		a ghealann; a ghealas /
a ngealann*; a ngealas* 		gealtar
past gheal mé; ghealas gheal tú; ghealais gheal sé, sí ghealamar; gheal muid gheal sibh; ghealabhair gheal siad; ghealadar a gheal /
ar gheal* 		gealadh
past habitual ghealainn / ngealainn‡‡ ghealtá / ngealtᇇ ghealadh sé, sí / ngealadh sé, s퇇 ghealaimis; ghealadh muid / ngealaimis‡‡; ngealadh muid‡‡ ghealadh sibh / ngealadh sibh‡‡ ghealaidís; ghealadh siad / ngealaidís‡‡; ngealadh siad‡‡ a ghealadh /
a ngealadh* 		ghealtaí / ngealta퇇
future gealfaidh mé;
gealfad 		gealfaidh tú;
gealfair† 		gealfaidh sé, sí gealfaimid;
gealfaidh muid 		gealfaidh sibh gealfaidh siad;
gealfaid† 		a ghealfaidh; a ghealfas /
a ngealfaidh*; a ngealfas* 		gealfar
conditional ghealfainn / ngealfainn‡‡ ghealfá / ngealfᇇ ghealfadh sé, sí / ngealfadh sé, s퇇 ghealfaimis; ghealfadh muid / ngealfaimis‡‡; ngealfadh muid‡‡ ghealfadh sibh / ngealfadh sibh‡‡ ghealfaidís; ghealfadh siad / ngealfaidís‡‡; ngealfadh siad‡‡ a ghealfadh /
a ngealfadh* 		ghealfaí / ngealfa퇇
subjunctive present go ngeala mé;
go ngealad† 		go ngeala tú;
go ngealair† 		go ngeala sé, sí go ngealaimid;
go ngeala muid 		go ngeala sibh go ngeala siad;
go ngealaid† 		— go ngealtar
past dá ngealainn dá ngealtá dá ngealadh sé, sí dá ngealaimis;
dá ngealadh muid 		dá ngealadh sibh dá ngealaidís;
dá ngealadh siad 		— dá ngealtaí
imperative gealaim geal gealadh sé, sí gealaimis gealaigí;
gealaidh† 		gealaidís — gealtar
verbal noun gealadh
past participle gealta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
geal gheal ngeal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading[edit]

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish gel, from Proto-Celtic *gelos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

geal (comparative gile)

  1. white, bright, pale
    Ma 's e 'n t-iasg do choinnlean geala, ma 's e na ròin do luchd-faire... ― If the fish are thy candles bright, if the seals are thy watchmen...

Declension[edit]

Declension of geal (type I adjective)
Masculine Feminine Plural
Nominative geal gheal geala
Genitive ghil gile geala
Dative geal ghil geala
Vocative ghil gheal geala

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
geal gheal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also[edit]

Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn, geal      glas      dubh
             dearg; ruadh              orainds; donn              buidhe; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm
             liath; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh; guirmean              pinc; purpaidh              pinc

References[edit]

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